Professional Documents
Culture Documents
org
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by
any means without the prior permission of Minbaralhurriyya Team.
www.arab-csr.org
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by
any means without the prior permission of Arab Center for Scientific Research
and Humane Studies Team.
"
"
.
Contemplations on the Human Action
after fifty years
Vernon L. Smith
2006 25
.
) ] 3-1 :1996 [1949 ""( .
. "
) ". .(3 : "
") .(19 :
)
(
2
" :
.
") .(734 :
.
3
)
(
.
.
50
.
50
.
.
.
.
:
50
"
...
...
4
.
") .(31 8-7 :
"
") .(2 428 :1995
1999
.
.
) (
) .(1948
)
.(
5
) (
.
) 1995
1993 .(1991
:
6
100
.
.
) ("
) " ] .(19 :1909 [1776
"
") .(257 :
) :(1992
7
"
. .
.
" "
) ". .(38 35 :
.
:
" )
[s] ] [ed
:
) .(271 :1994
. ) (
8
/
.
.
.
.
) (45000
) .(150 :1994
) .(1981 .
) (
9
.
.
) (1979
.
) (359 :1994 " :
.
.
)
.
.
10
.
.
"
") .(10 :
.
.
.
. "
.
") .(40 :1994
.
11
" )
( .
) ( .
.
... ) (
. .
. )
(
") .(64-63 :1998
:
.
.
12
.
.
"
"
) .(8 :1988
" :
...
") " .(97 :
] [ .
") .(177 :
13
. (1949)
.
. .
.
.
.
.
.
) (
) :1999
.(704
) ( .
14
.
.
)
706 :1999 .(4
.
:
. :
"
") :1994
.(75
15
. (1997)
1.
.
1
. )( )( $100 )( )( .$50
.
.
) .Galvanomic Skin Response (GSR
. GRS
)( )( )( )( .
.
)( )(
GSR
)( )( .
16
.
) .(1997
)
"
.
. ..
.
...
17
") .(144 :
.
) .(1998
.
.
. " ".
.
18
.
:
.
" "
) 1996 .(1996
--
19
" ".
. . 20
10 10 .2
2 40 . :2
40 1 25 15
.1
. 15 .
.
.
. 10
10 .
40 .
20
.
2 . 1 10
5 . 2
" :
) ( . %250
%150 . ". 2
1 15
2 25 .
24
1
28
) .(1999
64 75
.
:
.
21
1
.
1
) (
)(10,10
2
)(25,15
)(40,0
(50%) 12
(75%) 9
(25%) 3
(50%) 14
(64.3%) 9
(35.7%) 5
.
.
.
2 ) 1 ( .
12 24 1 9 3
.
22
" "
.
.
) .(1991
" ".
) ( )
( .
. )] :1909 [1776
" :(19
".
23
. ) (
) ( "
"
) .(26 :1 (1) :
) (2 " ") ] [1776
.(19 :1909 .
.
.
) (
.
. .
" ") .(91 :
24
"
. :
" " :
.
" ) .(6 :1988
25
19 ) 2 .(1999
26
. . . ." (1997) .
". 28) 275 ( .94-1293 :
(1994) . . : .
. " (1999) .
" (1948) .
".
61
) ( .108-95
. . ) ( :
.136-19 : .
(1998) .
. : .
. .. . " (1999) .
". .
. . " (1981) . - :
". .15-4 :2
. . " (1979) .
(1994) . . : .
. .
. (1993) . .
: .
. " (1949) .
".
.83-466 :39
(1909 (1776)) . . : . . .
. " (1998) . ". ) 65 -1 :(
.19
. (1991) .
. :
. . " (1996) . :
". .60-833 :65
. . . (1995) . .
: .
.. . . . " (1996) .
".
28
. . . " (1999) .
". .
. )) (1996 (1949
. : .
(1991) .
. :
.
. (1988) . . : .
29
. 3
) .(
.
) (19 :1966 " :
".
"
.
". )(
.
. (1) :
) (2 .
.
30
.
) (20 :1966
" "
" :
)
(".
.
" "
" " " " .
.
" :
50
" " ".
31
) (1
(2) )
( ) (
) (3
.
50
".
.
.
.
)
( .
.
.
32
.
. :
" "
. .
.
.
) ( .
.
.
.
.
33
"
".
.
" :
". .
.
19 ) 2 .(1999
) 71 ( .83-82 :
) 70 ( .13-1 :
. " (1999) .
".
" "
.209-195 :(2) 19
" (1963) . : ".
) 71 ( .85-84
." (1962) .
".
) 70 ( .85-380 :
) (1966 :
: .
35