The Atlantic

Chatbots Have Entered the Uncanny Valley

When virtual assistants almost pass as human, they only seem more robotic.
Source: Jeff Chiu / AP

When a robot almost looks human—almost, but not quite—it often comes across as jarringly fake instead of familiar. Robots that are clearly artificial, like WALL-E or R2-D2, don’t have this problem. But androids like this one that imperfectly mimic human mannerisms and facial expressions are weird enough to be haunting.

This phenomenon is known as the . It’s a major obstacle for designers who try to make their robots look like people—and it may be just as much of a hurdle for developers who are creating bots that like people, but that don’t have a body at all.

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