The Atlantic

A Newly Discovered Manuscript and Its Lesson on Islam

Early drafts of a canonical work show how Muslims' understanding of their faith has evolved.
Source: Tim Graham / Getty

“What does the Koran say about…?” is perhaps the most common question my students ask me in the Islamic history courses I teach. It’s an understandable question, but they will be disappointed with the answer if they hope it will explain how Islam has been interpreted and practiced for all of history.

In the post-enlightenment West, a society historically influenced by Protestantism’s “back-to-the-Bible” appeal, many of my students have grown up imbibing a public discourse obsessed with a religious or civil tradition’s origins and founding documents—the Hebrew Bible, the New Testament, the Constitution—and by extension often assume that the only book of consequence for Muslims is the Koran. After 9/11, . More recently, in the wake of the Orlando nightclub shooting, news outlets from to ran pieces asking , the Koran was again scrutinized as the source of the violence.

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