Heidelberg, the Black Forest, Baden-Baden & Beyond
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Heidelberg, the Black Forest, Baden-Baden & Beyond - Henrik Bekker
Heidelberg, the Black Forest, Baden-Baden & Beyond
Henrik Bekker
Hunter Publishing, Inc.
HUNTER PUBLISHING, INC,
www.hunterpublishing.com
Ulysses Travel Publications
4176 Saint-Denis, Montréal, Québec
Canada H2W 2M5
514-843-9882, ext. 2232; fax 514-843-9448
Windsor Books
The Boundary, Wheatley Road, Garsington
Oxford, OX44 9EJ England
01865-361122; fax 01865-361133
© Hunter Publishing, Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the written permission of the publisher.
This guide focuses on recreational activities. As all such activities contain elements of risk, the publisher, author, affiliated individuals and companies disclaim responsibility for any injury, harm, or illness that may occur to anyone through, or by use of, the information in this book. Every effort was made to insure the accuracy of information in this book, but the publisher and author do not assume, and hereby disclaim, liability for any loss or damage caused by errors, omissions, misleading information or potential travel problems caused by this guide, even if such errors or omissions result from negligence, accident or any other cause.
Introduction
History
History Time Line
Culture
Geography
Climate
Flora & Fauna
Government
The Economy
Top Attractions
Fast Facts
Orientation
Transportation
Embassies & Consulates
Money Matters
Food & Drink
Electricity
Media
Medical
Restrooms
Shopping
Telephones
Dates & Time
Costs
Sightseeing & Events
Holidays
Festivals & Major Events
Adventures
Special Interest
Information Sources
Language
A Few Useful Words
Baden-Württemberg
Getting Here & Around
Information Sources
Heidelberg
Information Sources
Transportation
Sightseeing
Excursions from Heidelberg
Adventures
Where to Stay & Eat
Camping
The Black Forest
Information Sources
Adventures in the Black Forest
Baden-Baden
The Schwarzwald-Hochstraße (Black Forest Crest Route)
Mummelsee
Allerheiligen
Freudenstadt
Baiersbronn
Kinzig Valley
Schiltach
Hausach
Triberg Area
Where to Stay & Eat
Shopping
Adventures
Sightseeing
Hoch Schwarzwald
Feldberg
St Blasien
Mt Belchen
Introduction
Germany is a large country of wide contrasts. From the beaches of te North and Baltic Seas to the Bavarian Alpine peaks and from the forest-covered hills of the Black Forest to the nightspots of Berlin, it has much of interest to the international traveler.
For centuries, culture has played an important role in German society. Large cities have opera houses and symphony orchestras while even small villages have musical and other cultural societies. Germany is the land of Bach, Beethoven, Goethe, Schiller, and other artists that influenced Western culture. Culture is easy to enjoy in Germany with frequent performances at relatively low prices.
Germany is also a country with amazing architectural treasures. It has some minor Roman and Carolingian monuments, but it is with the Romanesque and Gothic that German building craft really came to the fore. The influence of the Renaissance was limited but Baroque and Rococo are well represented. More modern styles including Art Nouveau, Bauhaus, Modern, and Post-Modern can also be found especially in German cities. Air raids in World War II ruined most German cities – many rebuilt the damaged buildings while others elected to rebuild in modern style. Half-timbered houses (Fachwerk) make some of the most favored and romantic townscapes and are often seen as typical German and typical medieval.
Fachwerk
The long tradition of dividing inheritances gave Germany literally hundreds of small states and principalities, each with its own palaces and residences. More than 20,000 castles and castle ruins are scattered throughout the country. Often the largest palaces and churches are found in what are now small and insignificant towns.
Germany is more than arts and culture. It is also a paradise for outdoor enthusiast. Hiking is the most popular activity in Germany with thousands of marked trails. Cycling is also popular with many dedicated cycling routes. Canoeing and kayaking are possible on many rivers and lakes. Skiing and other winter sports are possible in the Bavarian Alps and many parts of the Mittelgebirge. Germany also has amazing natural beauty with mountains such as the Bavarian Alps and forested hills such as the Black Forest popular recreational areas.
Berlin, Germany’s capital, is its largest city, and perhaps its most interesting destination. It has more than 170 museums, three opera houses, an enormous cultural variety, and gripping modern history. An interesting daytrip is to royal residences in nearby Potsdam.
Saxony (Sachsen) is one of the most densely populated states in Germany, but has natural beauty especially in the Saxon Switzerland area south of Dresden. Its two major cities, Dresden and Leipzig, are tourist magnets. Dresden is restoring its pre-1945 Baroque appearance and in addition to the marvelous architecture, Dresden has some excellent museums and art collections. The immediate appeal of Leipzig is less obvious but it is a great city to visit – it gives the impression of a lived-in city rather than an artificial tourist attraction. For those interested in the Reformation, Lutherstadt-Wittenberg is an interesting stop between Leipzig and Berlin.
Thuringia (Thüringen) is closely associated with German literature through the Weimar classical movement led by Goethe and Schiller. In addition to Weimar, Erfurt has a wonderfully preserved medieval town center and Eisenach has the Wartburg, the most German of castles.
Northern Germany is popular with domestic tourists, but the appeal for foreign visitors is more limited. Hamburg is Germany’s second-largest city and premier port. It is a spread-out city with mostly modern, low-rise buildings and much water and greenery. The lovely medieval town center of Lübeck with several brick Gothic buildings makes for a particularly rewarding daytrip.
Similarly, Central Germany has less obvious attractions. Frankfurt is a modern city with continental Europe’s busiest airport and tallest buildings.
The Rhine valley is one of Germany’s prime tourist attractions. The most interesting part of the valley is between Speyer, with the largest Romanesque cathedral in Germany, and Cologne (Köln), with the largest Gothic cathedral in the world. In between is the Rhine of legend with a castle or castle ruins every mile. The equally beautiful Mosel River is a meandering stream in a steep, narrow valley. Trier has the largest collection of Roman monuments in Germany.
Baden-Württemberg is a favored holiday destination. Heidelberg with its majestic castle ruin is a must-see for most foreign visitors to Germany. The Black Forest is the largest forested area in Germany and has many picture-perfect towns and valleys. It is hugely popular with hikers and cyclists. Baden-Baden is the most elegant town in Germany.
Bavaria (Bayern) is the most popular holiday destination for domestic and foreign travelers alike. Apart from Berlin, Munich (München) is the most interesting German city. It has a vast range of cultural offerings including excellent art museums and spectacular, mostly Baroque, royal palaces. It is also the natural home of beer with many historic beer halls, many beer gardens, and of course Oktoberfest. In the north of the state is Franken with important historic cities such as Würzburg, Bamberg, and Nürnberg. Regensburg and Passau on the banks of the Danube have interesting historic centers that escaped damage during World War II. The Romantic Road is a popular holiday route that passes romantic sites including Rothenburg ob der Tauber, the most romantic of all Germany’s medieval-look towns. The Bavarian Alps have the most spectacular scenery in Germany. Its natural beauty is enhanced by castles, churches, monasteries, and historic towns.
History
Key Events
German history is complex and somewhat confusing. The following will help keep important events in context.
100 BC-AD