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    NIV, Textbook Bible for Students
    NIV, Textbook Bible for Students
    NIV, Textbook Bible for Students
    Ebook3,442 pages47 hours

    NIV, Textbook Bible for Students

    By Zonderkidz

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    About this ebook

    Ready for a Bible that takes you deeper into God’s Word? Dive in! You’ll find information that makes it easy to understand how biblical events and teachings come together. The features in this Bible help you quickly locate stories, look up new words, and more. Discover how the Bible can become more real and transform your life as you step further into God’s Word. Features include: • Book introductions and outlines give an overview of each book of the Bible • Comprehensive concordance to help find key verses quickly and easily • 16-page full-color maps section for locating important places • The complete New International Version (NIV) translation • Double-column format • Easy to read textbook type • 16-page full-color front inserts offer further understanding of the Scriptures, including: o Timeline of Captivity and Return o Between the Testaments o The Ministry of Jesus o Timelines of Old and New Testaments o Timelines of the Kings and Prophets of Israel and Judah o Lists of Jesus’ Miracles and Parables

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherZondervan
    Release dateAug 23, 2011
    ISBN9780310729860
    NIV, Textbook Bible for Students

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      NIV, Textbook Bible for Students - Zonderkidz

      NIV Textbook Bible

      New International Version

      The Holy Bible, New International Version®, NIV® Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc.™ Used by Permission. All rights reserved worldwide.

      NIV Textbook Bible Published by Zondervan Grand Rapids, Michigan 49530, USA

      www.zondervan.com

      New International Version and NIV are registered trademarks of Biblica, Inc.™ Used by permission.

      Book Introductions, Concordance: Copyright © 2011 by Zondervan.

      Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 2010939336

      The NIV® text may be quoted in any form (written, visual, electronic or audio), up to and inclusive of five hundred (500) verses without the express written permission of the publisher, providing the verses quoted do not amount to a complete book of the Bible nor do the verses quoted account for twenty-five percent (25%) or more of the total text of the work in which they are quoted.

      Notice of copyright must appear on the title or copyright page as follows:

      Scripture quotations taken from The Holy Bible, New International Version® NIV® Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc.™ Used by permission. All rights reserved worldwide.

      The NIV and New International Version are trademarks registered in the United States Patent and Trademark Office by Biblica, Inc.™

      eISBN: 9780310729860

      When quotations from the NIV® text are used by a local church in non-saleable media such as church bulletins, orders of service, posters, overhead transparencies, or similar materials, a complete copyright notice is not required, but the initials (NIV®) must appear at the end of each quotation.

      Any commentary or other biblical reference work produced for commercial sale, that uses the NIV® text must obtain written permission for use of the NIV® text.

      Permission requests for commercial use within the USA and Canada that exceeds the above guidelines must be directed to, and approved in writing by Zondervan, 5300 Patterson Ave. SE, Grand Rapids, MI 49530, USA. www.Zondervan.com

      Permission requests for commercial use within the UK, EU and EFTA that exceeds the above guidelines must be directed to, and approved in writing by Hodder & Stoughton Limited, 338 Euston Road, London NW1 3BH, United Kingdom. www.Hodder.co.uk

      Permission requests for non-commercial use that exceeds the above guidelines must be directed to, and approved in writing by Biblica US, Inc., 1820 Jet Stream Drive, Colorado Springs, CO 80921, USA. www.Biblica.com

      Any Internet addresses (websites, blogs, etc.) and telephone numbers printed in this Bible are offered as a resource. They are not intended in any way to be or imply an endorsement by Zondervan, nor does Zondervan vouch for the content of these sites and numbers for the life of the Bible.

      A portion of the purchase price of your NIV® Bible is provided to Biblica so together we support the mission of Transforming lives through God’s Word.

      Biblica provides God’s Word to people through translation, publishing and Bible engagement in Africa, Asia Pacific, Europe, Latin America, Middle East, and North America. Through its worldwide reach, Biblica engages people with God’s Word so that their lives are transformed through a relationship with Jesus Christ.

      Table of Contents

      Articles and Resources

      OLD TESTAMENT

      NEW TESTAMENT

      OLD TESTAMENT

      Genesis

      Exodus

      Leviticus

      Numbers

      Deuteronomy

      Joshua

      Judges

      Ruth

      1 Samuel

      2 Samuel

      1 Kings

      2 Kings

      1 Chronicles

      2 Chronicles

      Ezra

      Nehemiah

      Esther

      Job

      Psalms

      Proverbs

      Ecclesiastes

      Song of Solomon

      Isaiah

      Jeremiah

      Lamentations

      Ezekiel

      Daniel

      Hosea

      Joel

      Amos

      Obadiah

      Jonah

      Micah

      Nahum

      Habakkuk

      Zephaniah

      Haggai

      Zechariah

      Malachi

      NEW TESTAMENT

      Matthew

      Mark

      Luke

      John

      Acts

      Romans

      1 Corinthians

      2 Corinthians

      Galatians

      Ephesians

      Philippians

      Colossians

      1 Thessalonians

      2 Thessalonians

      1 Timothy

      2 Timothy

      Titus

      Philemon

      Hebrews

      James

      1 Peter

      2 Peter

      1 John

      2 John

      3 John

      Jude

      Revelation

      Articles and Resources

      Books of the Bible in Alphabetical Order

      Table of Weights and Measures

      Index to Color Maps

      Color Maps

      How to Use the NIV Textbook Bible, eBook Edition

      Preface

      Alphabetical Order of the Books of the Bible

      The books of the New Testament are indicated by italics.

      Acts

      Amos

      1 Chronicles

      2 Chronicles

      Colossians

      1 Corinthians

      2 Corinthians

      Daniel

      Deuteronomy

      Ecclesiastes

      Ephesians

      Esther

      Exodus

      Ezekiel

      Ezra

      Galatians

      Genesis

      Habakkuk

      Haggai

      Hebrews

      Hosea

      Isaiah

      James

      Jeremiah

      Job

      Joel

      John

      1 John

      2 John

      3 John

      Jonah

      Joshua

      Jude

      Judges

      1 Kings

      2 Kings

      Lamentations

      Leviticus

      Luke

      Malachi

      Mark

      Matthew

      Micah

      Nahum

      Nehemiah

      Numbers

      Obadiah

      1 Peter

      2 Peter

      Philemon

      Philippians

      Proverbs

      Psalms

      Revelation

      Romans

      Ruth

      1 Samuel

      2 Samuel

      Song of Songs

      1 Thessalonians

      2 Thessalonians

      1 Timothy

      2 Timothy

      Titus

      Zechariah

      Zephaniah

      Table of Weights and Measures

      The figures of the table are calculated on the basis of a shekel equaling 11.5 grams, a cubit equaling 18 inches and an ephah equaling 22 liters. The quart referred to is either a dry quart (slightly larger than a liter) or a liquid quart (slightly smaller than a liter), whichever is applicable. The ton referred to in the footnotes is the American ton of 2,000 pounds.

      This table is based upon the best available information, but it is not intended to be mathematically precise; like the measurement equivalents in the footnotes, it merely gives approximate amounts and distances. Weights and measures differed somewhat at various times and places in the ancient world. There is uncertainty particularly about the ephah and the bath; further discoveries may shed more light on these units of capacity.

      Index to Color Maps

      Index

      The Index to Color Maps will lead you to place-names found on the color maps in the back of this Bible. References are to the map number and the margin markings.

      A

      Abana River 6 C2; 7 C2; 9 D2

      Abarim Mts. 2 D4

      Abel Meholah 7 C3

      Abel Shittim 3 D3

      Abila 9 D2

      Abilene 9 D1; 13 D8

      Achaia 13 C4; 14 D3

      Adora 9 B5

      Adriatic Sea 13 B3; 14 C2

      Aegean Sea 1 A1; 13 C5; 14 D3

      Africa 13 D1; 14 B3

      Ai 1 C3; 3 C3

      Aijalon 6 B4

      Akko 2 D2; 4 B2; 5 B4; 6 B2

      Aleppo 1 D2; 5 C1; 8a B2; 8b B5; 12 D1; 13 D8

      Alexandria 14 D4

      Alexandrium 9 B4

      Altar 10 C3

      Amathus 9 C4

      Amman 2 E3

      Ammon 3 D2; 4 D4; 5 C4; 6 D3; 7 C4

      Amphipolis 13 B5

      Anathoth 7 B4

      Antinoe 14 D4

      Antioch (Syrian) 12 C1; 14 E3

      Antioch (Pisidian) 13 C6

      Antipatris 9 B4

      Antonia Fortress 10 C2

      Aphek 4 B4; 6 B3; 7 B3

      Apollonia 13 B5

      Arabah 2 D5

      Arabia 1 D3; 13 E8

      Arabians 8a B3

      Arad 7 B4; 9 B5

      Aram 4 D1; 5 C3; 6 D2; 7 C2

      Aramean Desert 5 D3

      Ararat, Mt. 1 E1; 8a C1

      Araxes River 1 F1; 8a D1

      Arbela 8b C5

      Armenia 14 F2

      Arnon River 2 E4; 3 D3; 4 C5; 6 C4; 7 C4; 9 C5

      Aroer 4 C5

      Arrapkha 8a C2; 8b C5

      Arubu 8a B3

      Arvad 5 B2; 8a B2; 8b B5

      Ashdod 4 A4; 5 A4; 6 B4; 9 A4

      Asher 4 B2

      Ashkelon 4 A4; 6 B4; 9 A4

      Ashtaroth 4 D2; 5 B4; 6 C3

      Ashur 1 E2; 8a C2; 8b C5

      Asia 13 C6

      Assos 13 C6

      Assyria 8a C2; 8b C5

      Athens 13 C5; 14 D3

      Atlantic Ocean 14 A1

      Attalia 13 C7

      Auranitis 9 D3

      Azekah 3 C3

      Azotus 12 B6

      B

      Babylon 1 E3; 8a C2; 8b C5

      Babylonia 8a C2; 8b C5

      Babylonians 1 E3

      Bashan 3 D2

      Batanea 9 C3

      Beautiful, Gate 10 D3

      Beersheba 1 C3; 2 D4; 3 C3; 4 B5; 5 B5; 6 B4; 7 B4; 9 A5

      Beersheba, Desert of 7 B4

      Behistun 8b D5

      Beirut 6 C1

      Benjamin 4 B4

      Berea 13 B5

      Berothai 5 C3

      Berothah 5C3

      Besor Valley 2 C4; 3 C3; 6 B4; 7 A4; 9 A5

      Beth Horon 3 C3

      Beth Shan 4 C3; 5 B4; 6 C3

      Beth Shemesh 4 B4

      Bethany 9 B4; 11 B5

      Bethany beyond Jordan 9 C3; 11 C3, C5

      Bethel 1 C3; 3 C3; 4 B4; 6 B3; 7 B4

      Bethesda Pool 10 C2

      Bethlehem 2 D4; 4 B4; 6 B4; 9 B4; 11 B5

      Bethsaida 9 C3; 11 C2

      Bethsura 12 B6

      Betogabris 12 B6

      Bezer 4 D4

      Bithynia & Pontus 13 B6; 14 E2

      Black Sea 1 C1; 8a B1; 13 A7; 14 E2

      Bozrah 6 C5

      Britain 14 A1

      Byblos 1 C3; 5 B3; 8a B2; 8b B5; 12 C3

      Byzantium 14 D2

      C

      Caesarea Maritima 9 B3; 11 A3; 12 B5; 13 E8

      Caesarea Philippi 9 C2; 11 C1; 12 C4

      Calah 8a C2

      Cana of Galilee 9 B3; 11 B3

      Canaan 3 D2

      Capernaum 9 B3; 11 C2; 12 C4

      Caphtor 1 A2

      Cappadocia 13 C8; 14 E3

      Carchemish 1 D2; 8a B2; 8b B4

      Carmel, Mt. 2 D2; 6 B3; 7 B3; 9 B3

      Carthage 14 B3

      Caspian Sea 1 F1; 8a D1; 8b D4; 14 F2

      Caucasus Mts. 14 F2

      Cenchreae 13 C5

      Chios 13 C5

      Chorazin 9 C3; 11 C2

      Cilicia 8a B2; 12 B1; 13 C8; 14 E3

      Cnidus 13 D6

      Cologne 14 B1

      Colossae 13 C6

      Commagene 13 C8

      Corinth 13 C5; 14 D3

      Corsica 13 B2; 14 B2

      Crete 1 A2; 13 D5; 14 D3

      Cyprus 1 C2; 5 A2; 9 B4; 12 A2; 13 D7; 14 E3

      Cyrenaica 13 E5

      Cyrene (region) 14 D4

      Cyrene (town) 14 D3

      Cyrus River 14 F2

      D

      Dacia 13 A5; 14 D2

      Dalmatia 13 A4

      Damascus 1 D3; 2 E2; 4 D1; 5 C3; 6 C2; 7 C2; 8a B2; 8b B5; 9 C2; 12 C4; 13 D8; 14 E3

      Dan (town) 2 D2; 4 C2; 5 B3; 6 C2

      Dan (tribe) 4 B4

      Danube River 14 C1

      Dead Sea 2 D4

      Debir 3 C3

      Decapolis 9 D3; 11 D3

      Delphi 13 C5

      Derbe 13 C7; 14 E3

      Dibon 3 D3; 4 C5; 6 C4

      Dion 9 C3

      Dnieper River 14 E1

      Dophkah 3 C5

      Dor 4 B3; 9 B3

      Dothan 1 C3; 7 B3

      Dur Sharrukin 8a C2; 8b C4

      Dura-Europos 14 E3

      E

      Eastern Desert 2 E5; 5 C5

      Ebal, Mt. 2 D3; 4 B3; 6 B3; 9 B4

      Ebla 1 D2

      Ecbatana 8a D2; 8b D5

      Edessa 14 E3

      Edom 3 D4; 4 C6; 5 B5; 6 C5; 7 C5

      Edom, Desert of 2 D5

      Edrei 3 D2; 4 D3; 5 B4; 6 C3

      Eglon 3 C3; 4 B4

      Egypt 3 A3; 13 F6; 14 D4

      Egyptians 1 C3

      Ekron 4 B4

      Elam 8a D2; 8b D5

      Elim 3 B4

      Emmaus 9 B4; 11 A5; 12 B5

      En Gedi 2 D4; 4 C5

      Ephesus 13 C6; 14 D3

      Ephraim 4 B4

      Epirus 13 C4

      Esbus 9 C4

      Essene Gate 10 A5

      Essene Quarter 10 A5

      Euphrates River 1 E3; 5 D1; 8a C2; 8b C5; 13 C8; 14 E3

      Ezion Geber 2 D6; 3 C4; 5 B6

      F

      Fair Havens 13 D5

      First Wall 10 B4

      Fish Gate 10 B2

      Foothills 2 C4

      Forum of Appius 13 B3

      G

      Gad 4 C4

      Gadara 9 C3; 11 C3

      Galatia 13 B7; 14 E3

      Galilean Mts. 2 D2

      Galilee 7 B2; 9 B3; 11 B2; 12 B4

      Galilee, Sea of 2 D2; 11 C2; 12 C4

      Gallia 13 A1

      Garden Tomb 10 B1

      Gate Beautiful 10 D3

      Gath 4 B4; 5 B4; 6 B4

      Gath Hepher 7 B3

      Gaul 14 B2

      Gaulanitis 9 C2

      Gaza 2 C4; 4 A5; 5 A5; 6 B4; 9 A5; 12 B6

      Gebal (Byblos) 1 C3; 5 B3; 8a B2; 8b B5

      Gennath Gate 10 A4

      Gennesaret 9 B3

      Gentiles, Court of the 10 C3

      Gerar 1 C3; 4 A5; 6 B4

      Gerasa 9 C4

      Gergesa (Kursi) 9 C3; 11 C2

      Gerizim, Mt. 2 D3; 4 B3; 6 B3; 9 B4; 11 B4; 12 B5

      Germania 13 A4

      Germany 14 C1

      Gethsemane 10 D2

      Gezer 4 B4; 5 B4; 6 B4

      Gibeah 5 B4

      Gibeon 3 C3; 4 B4

      Gihon Spring 10 D5

      Gilboa, Mt. 2 D3; 3 D2; 5 B4; 6 B3

      Gilead 7 C3

      Gilgal 3 D3; 4 C4; 7 B4

      Golan 4 C2

      Golden Gate 10 D3

      Golgotha 10 A3

      Goshen 3 A3

      Gozan 8a C2; 8b C4

      Great Bitter Lake 2 A5; 3 B4

      Great Sea, The 1 B3; 2 B3; 3 B2; 4 A2; 5 A2; 6 A2; 7 A1; 8a A2; 8b A5; 9 A2; 11 A2; 12 A3; 13 D3

      Gulf of Aqaba 2 C6; 3 C4; 5 B6

      Gulf of Suez 2 B6; 3 B4

      H

      Habor River 8a C2; 8b C5

      Halak, Mt. 2 D4

      Hamath (region) 5 D2

      Hamath (town) 5 C2; 8a B2; 8b B5; 12 C2

      Harran 1 D2; 8a B2; 8b B4

      Hattusha 1 C1

      Hazeroth 3 C5

      Hazor 1 C3; 3 D2; 4 C2; 5 B3; 6 C2

      Hebron 1 C3; 2 D4; 3 C3; 4 B5; 5 B5; 6 B4; 9 B5

      Heliopolis 1 C4; 3 A4

      Hermon, Mt. 2 D2; 4 C1; 5 B3; 6 C2; 7 C2; 9 C2; 11 C1

      Herod Antipas’s Palace 10 B4

      Herod’s Palace 10 A4

      Herodium 9 B4

      Heshbon 3 D3; 4 C4; 6 C4; 9 C4

      Hezekiah’s Tunnel 10 C5

      High Priest’s House 10 A5

      Hinnom Valley 10 B6

      Hippicus, Tower of 10 A4

      Hippos 9 C3

      Hittites 1 C1

      Horeb, Mt. 2 C7

      Hormah 4 B5

      Hula, Lake 9 C2

      Huldah Gates 10 C4

      Hyrcania 9 B4

      I

      Ibleam 6 B3

      Iconium 13 C7

      Idumea 9 B5

      Ijon 4 C1

      Illyricum 14 C2

      Inner Court 10 C3

      Ionian Sea 13 C4

      Israel 6 C3

      Israel Pool 10 C2

      Issachar 4 C3

      Issus 13 C8

      Italy 13 B2; 14 C2

      Iturea 9 C2

      Iye Abarim 3 D3

      J

      Jabbok River 2 D3; 4 C3; 6 C3; 7 C3; 9 C4; 11 C4

      Jabesh (Gilead) 4 C3; 6 C3

      Jahaz 3 D3

      Jarkon River 9 B4

      Jamnia 9 A4

      Jarmuth 3 C3

      Jazer 4 C4

      Jebel Jarmak 6 C2; 9 B2

      Jebal Musa 2 C7

      Jericho 2 D3; 3 D3; 4 C4; 6 C4; 7 C4; 9 B4; 11 B5

      Jerusalem 2 D3; 3 C3; 4 C4; 5 B4; 6 B4; 7 B4; 8a B3; 8b B5; 9 B4; 11 B5; 12 B5; 13 E8; 14 E3

      Jezreel 4 C3; 7 B3

      Joppa 2 C3; 4 B4; 5 B4; 6 B3; 7 B3; 9 A4; 12 B5

      Jordan River 2 D3; 3 D2; 4 C3; 5 B4; 6 C3; 7 C3; 8a B2; 8b B5; 9 B4; 11 C4; 12 C5; 13 E8

      Judah 4 B5; 6 B5; 7 B4

      Judea 9 B5; 11 B5; 12 B6; 13 E8; 14 E3

      Judean Mts. 2 D4

      K

      Kabul 4 B2

      Kadesh (on the Orontes) 5 C2

      Kadesh Barnea 1 C3; 3 C4; 5 A5; 6 A5

      Kedesh 3 D2; 4 C2; 5 B3; 6 C2

      Kerith Ravine 7 C3

      Kidron Valley 10 D5

      Kinnereth, Sea of 2 D2; 3 D2; 4 C2; 5 B4; 6 C2; 7 C3; 9 C3

      Kir Hareseth 5 B5; 6 C4; 7 C4

      Kiriath Jearim 4 B4

      Kishon River 2 D2; 4 B2; 6 B3; 7 B3; 9 B3

      Kittim 1 C2; 5 A2

      Knossos 1 A2

      Kos 13 D6

      Kummuhu 8a B2

      L

      Lachish 3 C3; 4 B4

      Laodicea 13 C6

      Lasea 13 D5

      Leontes River 9 B2

      Libnah 3 C3

      Litani River 2 D2; 4 C1; 5 B3; 6 C1; 12 C4

      Little Bitter Lake 2 A1

      Loire River 14 B2

      London 14 B1

      Lower City 10 B5

      Lycaonia 13 C7

      Lycia 13 C6

      Lydda 12 B5

      Lydia 13 C6

      Lyon 14 B2

      Lystra 13 C7

      M

      Macedonia 13 B4; 14 D2

      Machaerus 9 C5; 11 C6

      Magdala 9 B3; 11 C2

      Mahanaim 4 C3; 5 B4

      Mainz 14 B1

      Makkedah 3 C3

      Malatha 9 B5

      Malta 13 D3

      Manasseh 4 B3

      Manasseh, East 4 D2

      Marah 3 B4

      Mareshah 6 B4

      Mari 1 D2

      Mariamne, Tower of 10 A4

      Masada 9 B5

      Mauretania 14 A3

      Medeba 5 B4; 6 C4

      Media 8a D2; 8b D5

      Mediterranean Sea 2 B3; 14 C3

      Megiddo 1 C3; 4 B3; 5 B4; 6 B3; 9 B3

      Memphis 1 C4; 3 A4; 8a A3; 8b A6; 14 D4

      Menzaleh, Lake 3 A3

      Merom 3 D2; 4 C2

      Mesopotamia 14 F3

      Midian 3 C5

      Miletus 13 C6

      Mitylene 13 C6

      Mizpah 4 B4; 7 B4; 8b B5

      Moab 3 D3; 4 C5; 5 B5; 6 C4; 7 C4

      Moesia 13 A6; 14 D2

      Moreh, Mt. 2 D3; 4 C3; 6 B3

      Moresheth Gath 7 B4

      Mycenae 1 A2

      Myra 13 D6

      Mysia 13 C6; 14 D2

      N

      Nabatea 9 C5; 14 E4

      Nain 9 B3; 11 B3

      Naphtali 4 C2

      Nazareth 2 D2; 9 B3; 11 B3

      Neapolis 13 B5

      Nebo, Mt. 2 D3; 3 D3; 4 C4; 6 C4

      Negev 2 C4

      New Quarter 10 B3

      Nile River 1 C4; 3 A4; 13 F7; 14 D4

      Nineveh 1 E2; 8a C2; 8b C5

      Nippur 1 E3; 8a C2; 8b C5

      Numidia 13 D1

      Nuzi 1 E2

      O

      Oboth 3 C4

      Olives, Mt. of 2 D3; 10 D3; 11 B5

      Olympus, Mt. 13 B5

      Orontes River 5 C1; 8a B2; 8b B5; 12 C3

      P

      Paddan Aram 1 D2

      Pamphylia 13 C7

      Paphos 13 D7

      Paran, Desert of 2 B5; 3 C4

      Parthia 14 F3

      Patara 13 D6

      Patmos 13 C6

      Pella 9 B3; 14 E3

      Peniel 6 C3

      Penuel 6 C3

      Perea 9 B4; 11 C4

      Perga 13 C7

      Pergamum 13 C6; 14 D3

      Persian Gulf 1 F4; 8a D3; 8b D6; 14 F4

      Pharpar River 4 D1; 6 C2; 7 C2; 9 C2

      Phasael, Tower of 10 A4

      Philadelphia 9 C4; 13 C6

      Philippi 13 B5; 14 D2

      Philistia 3 C3; 5 A4; 6 A4; 7 A4

      Phoenicia 5 B3; 6 C2; 7 C1; 9 B2; 11 B1; 13 D8

      Phoenix 13 D5

      Phrygia 14 D3

      Pinnacle of the Temple 10 D4

      Pisidia 13 C6

      Pisidian, Antioch 13 C7

      Pithom 3 B4

      Po River 14 B2

      Ptolemais 9 B3; 11 B2; 12 B4; 13 E8

      Punon 3 D3

      Puteoli 13 B3; 14 C2

      Q

      Qatna 5 C2

      R

      Rabbah 4 D4; 5 B4; 6 C3

      Ramah 7 B4

      Rameses 3 A3

      Ramoth Gilead 4 D3; 5 B4; 6 C3; 7 C3

      Raphana 9 C3

      Raphia 6 A4; 9 A5

      Red Sea 1 C4; 2 C8; 3 C6; 8a B3; 8b B6; 13 F8; 14 E4

      Rephidim 3 C5

      Reuben 4 C4

      Rezeph 8a C2; 8b C5

      Rhegium 13 C3

      Rhine River 14 B1

      Rhodes 13 D6

      Rhone River 14 B2

      Riblah 8b B5

      Rimmon 4 C2

      Robinson’s Arch 10 C4

      Rome 13 B2; 14 C2

      Royal Porch 10 C4

      S

      Salamis 13 D7

      Salim 9 B3; 11 C3

      Salmone 13 D6

      Salt Sea 2 D4; 3 D3; 4 C4; 5 B5; 6 C4; 7 C4; 9 B5; 11 C6; 12 B6

      Samaria (region) 7 B3; 9 B3; 11 B3; 12 B5

      Samaria (town) 4 B3; 6 B3; 8a B2; 9 B4; 12 B5

      Samos 13 C6

      Samothrace 13 B5

      Sardinia 13 B1; 14 B2

      Sardis 13 C6

      Sarmatia 14 D1

      Scythopolis 9 B3

      Second Wall 10 B2

      Seir, Mt. 2 D5

      Seleucia 12 C2

      Seleucia Pieria 13 D8

      Serpent’s Pool 10 A5

      Sharon, Plain of 2 D3

      Shechem 1 C3; 2 D3; 3 C2; 4 B3; 5 B4; 6 B3

      Sheep Gate 10 C2

      Sheep Pool 10 C2

      Shephelah 2 D4

      Shiloh 3 C3; 4 B4; 6 B3; 7 B3

      Shunem 7 B3

      Shur, Desert of 2 B5; 3 B4

      Sicily 13 C3; 14 C3

      Sidon 5 B3; 6 B2; 7 B2; 9 B2; 12 B4; 13 D8; 14 E3

      Siloam, Pool of 10 C6

      Simeon 4 B5

      Sin, Desert of 2 B6; 3 B4

      Sinai 1 C4; 5 A5

      Sinai, Desert of 2 C7

      Sinai, Mt. 2 C7; 3 C5

      Smyrna 13 C6

      Spain 14 A2

      Sparta 13 C5

      Stairs 10 C4

      Sukkoth 1 C3; 3 A3; 4 C3; 6 C3

      Susa 8a D2; 8b D5

      Sychar 9 B4; 11 B4; 12 B5

      Syracuse 13 C3; 14 C3

      Syria 9 D2; 12 D2; 13 D8; 14 E3

      T

      Taanach 4 B3; 5 B4; 6 B3

      Tabor, Mt. 2 D3; 3 D2; 4 C3; 6 C3; 9 B3; 11 B3

      Tadmor 1 D2; 5 D2; 8a B2; 8b B5

      Tagus River 14 A2

      Tamar 5 B5

      Tarsus 12 B1; 13 C8; 14 E3

      Taurus Mountains 1 C2

      Tekoa 7 B4

      Tel Aviv 2 C3

      Temple 10 C3

      Tetrarchy of Philip 9 D3

      Theater 10 B5

      Thessalonica 13 B5; 14 D2

      Thrace 13 B5; 14 D2

      Three Taverns 13 B2

      Thyatira 13 C6

      Tiberias 2 D2; 9 B3; 11 C2

      Tigris River 1 E2; 8a C2; 8b C5; 14 F3

      Tiphsah 5 D1; 8a B2

      Tirzah 4 C3; 6 B3

      Tishbe 7 C3

      Tower Pool 10 A3

      Traconitis 9 D2

      Tripolitania 13 E3

      Troas 13 C5

      Troy 1 A1

      Tubal 8a B1

      Tyre 2 D2; 4 B2; 5 B3; 6 B2; 7 B2; 9 B2; 11 B1; 12 B4; 13 E8; 14 E3

      Tyropoeon Valley 10 B2

      Tyrrhenian Sea 13 B2; 14 C2

      U

      Ugarit 1 C2

      Upper City 10 B4

      Upper Room 10 A5

      Ur 1 F3; 8a D3; 8b D5

      Urartu 8a C1; 8b C4

      Urmia, Lake 1 E2; 8a D1; 8b D4

      Uruk 1 E3; 8a C2; 8b C5

      V

      Valley Gate 10 C4

      Van, Lake 8a C1; 8b C4

      Vistula River 14 C1

      Volga River 14 F1

      W

      Water Gate 10 C6

      Wadi of Egypt 2 C4; 3 C3; 5 A5; 6 A5

      Wilson’s Arch 10 B3

      Women, Court of 10 C3

      Y

      Yarkon River 2 D3

      Yarmuk River 2 E2; 4 C3; 6 C3; 7 C3; 9 C3; 11 C3

      Z

      Zarephath 7 B2

      Zebulun 4 B2

      Zered River 2 D4; 3 D3; 4 C6; 6 C5; 7 C5; 9 C6

      Ziklag 4 A5; 5 A5

      Zin, Desert of 2 C5; 3 C3

      Zoan 1 C3

      Zoar 1 C3

      Maps

      Map 1:World of the Patriarchs

      Map 2: Holy Land and Sinai

      Map 3: Exodus and Conquest of Canaan

      Map 4: Land of the Twelve Tribes

      Map 5: Kingdom of David and Solomon

      Map 6: Kingdoms of Israel and Judah

      Map 7: Prophets in Israel and Judah

      Map 8: Assyrian and Babylonian Empires

      Map 9: Holy Land in the Time of Jesus

      Map 10: Jerusalem in the Time of Jesus

      Map 11: Jesus’ Ministry

      Map 12: Apostles’ Early Travel

      Map 13: Paul’s Missionary Journeys

      Map 14: Roman Empire

      Maps

      How to Use the NIV Textbook Bible, eBook Edition

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      Preface

      The goal of the New International Version (NIV) is to enable English-speaking people from around the world to read and hear God’s eternal Word in their own language. Our work as translators is motivated by our conviction that the Bible is God’s Word in written form. We believe that the Bible contains the divine answer to the deepest needs of humanity, sheds unique light on our path in a dark world and sets forth the way to our eternal well-being. Out of these deep convictions, we have sought to recreate as far as possible the experience of the original audience—blending transparency to the original text with accessibility for the millions of English speakers around the world. We have prioritized accuracy, clarity and literary quality with the goal of creating a translation suitable for public and private reading, evangelism, teaching, preaching, memorizing and liturgical use. We have also sought to preserve a measure of continuity with the long tradition of translating the Scriptures into English.

      The complete NIV Bible was first published in 1978. It was a completely new translation made by over a hundred scholars working directly from the best available Hebrew, Aramaic and Greek texts. The translators came from the United States, Great Britain, Canada, Australia and New Zealand, giving the translation an international scope. They were from many denominations and churches—including Anglican, Assemblies of God, Baptist, Brethren, Christian Reformed, Church of Christ, Evangelical Covenant, Evangelical Free, Lutheran, Mennonite, Methodist, Nazarene, Presbyterian, Wesleyan and others. This breadth of denominational and theological perspective helped to safeguard the translation from sectarian bias. For these reasons, and by the grace of God, the NIV has gained a wide readership in all parts of the English-speaking world.

      The work of translating the Bible is never finished. As good as they are, English translations must be regularly updated so that they will continue to communicate accurately the meaning of God’s Word. Updates are needed in order to reflect the latest developments in our understanding of the biblical world and its languages and to keep pace with changes in English usage. Recognizing, then, that the NIV would retain its ability to communicate God’s Word accurately only if it were regularly updated, the original translators established The Committee on Bible Translation (CBT). The committee is a self-perpetuating group of biblical scholars charged with keeping abreast of advances in biblical scholarship and changes in English and issuing periodic updates to the NIV. CBT is an independent, self-governing body and has sole responsibility for the NIV text. The committee mirrors the original group of translators in its diverse international and denominational makeup and in its unifying commitment to the Bible as God’s inspired Word.

      In obedience to its mandate, the committee has issued periodic updates to the NIV. An initial revision was released in 1984. A more thorough revision process was completed in 2005, resulting in the separately published Today’s New International Version (TNIV). The updated NIV you now have in your hands builds on both the original NIV and the TNIV and represents the latest effort of the committee to articulate God’s unchanging Word in the way the original authors might have said it had they been speaking in English to the global English-speaking audience today.

      The first concern of the translators has continued to be the accuracy of the translation and its faithfulness to the intended meaning of the biblical writers. This has moved the translators to go beyond a formal word-for-word rendering of the original texts. Because thought patterns and syntax differ from language to language, accurate communication of the meaning of the biblical authors demands constant regard for varied contextual uses of words and idioms and for frequent modifications in sentence structures.

      As an aid to the reader, sectional headings have been inserted. They are not to be regarded as part of the biblical text and are not intended for oral reading. It is the committee’s hope that these headings may prove more helpful to the reader than the traditional chapter divisions, which were introduced long after the Bible was written.

      For the Old Testament the standard Hebrew text, the Masoretic Text as published in the latest edition of Biblia Hebraica, has been used throughout. The Masoretic Text tradition contains marginal notations that offer variant readings. These have sometimes been followed instead of the text itself. Because such instances involve variants within the Masoretic tradition, they have not been indicated in the textual notes. In a few cases, words in the basic consonantal text have been divided differently than in the Masoretic Text. Such cases are usually indicated in the textual footnotes. The Dead Sea Scrolls contain biblical texts that represent an earlier stage of the transmission of the Hebrew text. They have been consulted, as have been the Samaritan Pentateuch and the ancient scribal traditions concerning deliberate textual changes. The translators also consulted the more important early versions—the Greek Septuagint, Aquila, Symmachus and Theodotion, the Latin Vulgate, the Syriac Peshitta, the Aramaic Targums and, for the Psalms, the Juxta Hebraica of Jerome. Readings from these versions, the Dead Sea Scrolls and the scribal traditions were occasionally followed where the Masoretic Text seemed doubtful and where accepted principles of textual criticism showed that one or more of these textual witnesses appeared to provide the correct reading. In rare cases, the committee has emended the Hebrew text where it appears to have become corrupted at an even earlier stage of its transmission. These departures from the Masoretic Text are also indicated in the textual footnotes. Sometimes the vowel indicators (which are later additions to the basic consonantal text) found in the Masoretic Text did not, in the judgment of the committee, represent the correct vowels for the original text. Accordingly, some words have been read with a different set of vowels. These instances are usually not indicated in the footnotes.

      The Greek text used in translating the New Testament is an eclectic one, based on the latest editions of the Nestle-Aland/United Bible Societies’ Greek New Testament. The committee has made its choices among the variant readings in accordance with widely accepted principles of New Testament textual criticism. Footnotes call attention to places where uncertainty remains.

      The New Testament authors, writing in Greek, often quote the Old Testament from its ancient Greek version, the Septuagint. This is one reason why some of the Old Testament quotations in the NIV New Testament are not identical to the corresponding passages in the NIV Old Testament. Such quotations in the New Testament are indicated with the footnote (see Septuagint).

      Other footnotes in this version are of several kinds, most of which need no explanation. Those giving alternative translations begin with Or and generally introduce the alternative with the last word preceding it in the text, except when it is a single-word alternative. When poetry is quoted in a footnote, a slash mark indicates a line division.

      It should be noted that references to diseases, minerals, flora and fauna, architectural details, clothing, jewelry, musical instruments and other articles cannot always be identified with precision. Also, linear measurements and measures of capacity can only be approximated (see the Table of Weights and Measures). Although Selah, used mainly in the Psalms, is probably a musical term, its meaning is uncertain. Since it may interrupt reading and distract the reader, this word has not been kept in the English text, but every occurrence has been signaled by a footnote.

      One of the main reasons the task of Bible translation is never finished is the change in our own language, English. Although a basic core of the language remains relatively stable, many diverse and complex linguistic factors continue to bring about subtle shifts in the meanings and/or connotations of even old, well-established words and phrases. One of the shifts that creates particular challenges to writers and translators alike is the manner in which gender is presented. The original NIV (1978) was published in a time when a man would naturally be understood, in many contexts, to be referring to a person, whether male of female. But most English speakers today tend to hear a distinctly male connotation in this word. In recognition of this change in English, this edition of the NIV, along with almost all other recent English translations, substitutes other expressions when the original text intends to refer generically to men and women equally. Thus, for instance, the NIV (1984) rendering of 1 Corinthians 8:3, But the man who loves God is known by God becomes in this edition But whoever loves God is known by God. On the other hand, man and mankind, as ways of denoting the human race, are still widely used. This edition of the NIV therefore continues to use these words, along with other expressions, in this way.

      A related shift in English creates a greater challenge for modern translations: the move away from using the third-person masculine singular pronouns—he/him/his—to refer to men and women equally. This usage does persist at a low level in some forms of English, and this revision therefore occasionally uses these pronouns in a generic sense. But the tendency, recognized in day-to-day usage and confirmed by extensive research, is away from the generic use of he, him and his. In recognition of this shift in language and in an effort to translate into the common English that people are actually using, this revision of the NIV generally uses other constructions when the biblical text is plainly addressed to men and women equally. The reader will frequently encounter a they, them or their to express a generic singular idea. Thus, for instance, Mark 8:36 reads: What good is it for someone to gain the whole world, yet forfeit their soul? This generic use of the indefinite or singular they/them/their has a venerable place in English idiom and has quickly become established as standard English, spoken and written, all over the world. Where an individual emphasis is deemed to be present, anyone or everyone or some other equivalent is generally used as the antecedent of such pronouns.

      Sometimes the chapter and/or verse numbering in English translations of the Old Testament differs from that found in published Hebrew texts. This is particularly the case in the Psalms, where the traditional titles are often included in the Hebrew verse numbering. Such differences are indicated in the footnotes at the bottom of the page. In the New Testament, verse numbers that marked off portions of the traditional English text not supported by the best Greek manuscripts now appear in brackets, with a footnote indicating the text that has been omitted (see, for example, Matthew 17:[21]).

      Mark 16:9–20 and John 7:53–8:11, although long accorded virtually equal status with the rest of the Gospels in which they stand, have a very questionable—and confused—standing in the textual history of the New Testament, as noted in the bracketed annotations with which they are set off. A different typeface has been chosen for these passages to indicate even more clearly their uncertain status.

      Basic formatting of the text, such as lining the poetry, paragraphing (both prose and poetry), setting up of (administrative-like) lists, indenting letters and lengthy prayers within narratives and the insertion of sectional headings, has been the work of the committee. However, the choice between single-column and double-column formats has been left to the publishers. Also the issuing of red-letter editions is a publisher’s choice—one the committee does not endorse.

      The committee has again been reminded that every human effort is flawed—including this revision of the NIV. We trust, however, that many will find in it an improved representation of the Word of God, through which they hear his call to faith in our Lord Jesus Christ and to service in his kingdom. We offer this version of the Bible to him in whose name and for whose glory it has been made.

      The Committee on Bible Translation September 2010

      The Old Testament

      Genesis

      Genesis

      Introduction:

      The word Genesis means beginnings. The book of Genesis is about many beginnings—the beginning of the universe, the beginning of man and woman, the beginning of human sin, the beginning of God’s promises and plans for salvation, and the beginning of a special relationship between Abraham and God. Genesis tells us about God’s special people and his plan for their lives. Some of these people are: Adam and Eve, Noah, Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and Joseph and his brothers.

      Genesis is the first book in the Pentateuch—a word that means five books, and includes the first five books of the Bible. These books are also known as the books of the law because they contain God’s instructions and laws for the people of Israel. Genesis is included because it tells the history of how Israel became God’s special people. These five books were most likely written by Moses, except for the last chapter of Deuteronomy which tells about Moses’ death.

      Outline of contents:

      The universe, the earth and human beings (1:1–2:25)

      The Fall and the results of sin (3:1–5:32)

      The story of Noah (6:1–9:29)

      The scattering of the human race (10:1–11:32)

      The life of Abraham (12:1–25:18)

      Isaac and his family (25:19–26:35)

      Jacob and his sons (27:1–37:1)

      The life of Joseph (37:2–50:26)

      Genesis 1

      The Beginning

      ¹In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. ²Now the earth was formless and empty, darkness was over the surface of the deep, and the Spirit of God was hovering over the waters.

      ³And God said, Let there be light, and there was light. ⁴God saw that the light was good, and he separated the light from the darkness. ⁵God called the light day, and the darkness he called night. And there was evening, and there was morning—the first day.

      ⁶And God said, Let there be a vault between the waters to separate water from water. ⁷So God made the vault and separated the water under the vault from the water above it. And it was so. ⁸God called the vault sky. And there was evening, and there was morning—the second day.

      ⁹And God said, Let the water under the sky be gathered to one place, and let dry ground appear. And it was so. ¹⁰God called the dry ground land, and the gathered waters he called seas. And God saw that it was good.

      ¹¹Then God said, Let the land produce vegetation: seed-bearing plants and trees on the land that bear fruit with seed in it, according to their various kinds. And it was so. ¹²The land produced vegetation: plants bearing seed according to their kinds and trees bearing fruit with seed in it according to their kinds. And God saw that it was good. ¹³And there was evening, and there was morning—the third day.

      ¹⁴And God said, Let there be lights in the vault of the sky to separate the day from the night, and let them serve as signs to mark sacred times, and days and years, ¹⁵and let them be lights in the vault of the sky to give light on the earth. And it was so. ¹⁶God made two great lights—the greater light to govern the day and the lesser light to govern the night. He also made the stars. ¹⁷God set them in the vault of the sky to give light on the earth, ¹⁸to govern the day and the night, and to separate light from darkness. And God saw that it was good. ¹⁹And there was evening, and there was morning—the fourth day.

      ²⁰And God said, Let the water teem with living creatures, and let birds fly above the earth across the vault of the sky. ²¹So God created the great creatures of the sea and every living thing with which the water teems and that moves about in it, according to their kinds, and every winged bird according to its kind. And God saw that it was good. ²²God blessed them and said, Be fruitful and increase in number and fill the water in the seas, and let the birds increase on the earth. ²³And there was evening, and there was morning—the fifth day.

      ²⁴And God said, Let the land produce living creatures according to their kinds: the livestock, the creatures that move along the ground, and the wild animals, each according to its kind. And it was so. ²⁵God made the wild animals according to their kinds, the livestock according to their kinds, and all the creatures that move along the ground according to their kinds. And God saw that it was good.

      ²⁶Then God said, "Let us make mankind in our image, in our likeness, so that they may rule over the fish in the sea and the birds in the sky, over the livestock and all the wild animals,[1] and over all the creatures that move along the ground."

      ²⁷So God created mankind in his own image,

      in the image of God he created them;

      male and female he created them.

      ²⁸God blessed them and said to them, Be fruitful and increase in number; fill the earth and subdue it. Rule over the fish in the sea and the birds in the sky and over every living creature that moves on the ground.

      ²⁹Then God said, I give you every seed-bearing plant on the face of the whole earth and every tree that has fruit with seed in it. They will be yours for food. ³⁰And to all the beasts of the earth and all the birds in the sky and all the creatures that move along the ground—everything that has the breath of life in it—I give every green plant for food. And it was so.

      ³¹God saw all that he had made, and it was very good. And there was evening, and there was morning—the sixth day.

      Genesis 2

      ¹Thus the heavens and the earth were completed in all their vast array.

      ²By the seventh day God had finished the work he had been doing; so on the seventh day he rested from all his work. ³Then God blessed the seventh day and made it holy, because on it he rested from all the work of creating that he had done.

      Adam and Eve

      ⁴This is the account of the heavens and the earth when they were created, when the LORD God made the earth and the heavens.

      ⁵Now no shrub had yet appeared on the earth[2] and no plant had yet sprung up, for the LORD God had not sent rain on the earth and there was no one to work the ground, ⁶but streams[3] came up from the earth and watered the whole surface of the ground. ⁷Then the LORD God formed a man[4] from the dust of the ground and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life, and the man became a living being.

      ⁸Now the LORD God had planted a garden in the east, in Eden; and there he put the man he had formed. ⁹The LORD God made all kinds of trees grow out of the ground—trees that were pleasing to the eye and good for food. In the middle of the garden were the tree of life and the tree of the knowledge of good and evil.

      ¹⁰A river watering the garden flowed from Eden; from there it was separated into four headwaters. ¹¹The name of the first is the Pishon; it winds through the entire land of Havilah, where there is gold. ¹²(The gold of that land is good; aromatic resin[5] and onyx are also there.) ¹³The name of the second river is the Gihon; it winds through the entire land of Cush.[6] ¹⁴The name of the third river is the Tigris; it runs along the east side of Ashur. And the fourth river is the Euphrates.

      ¹⁵The LORD God took the man and put him in the Garden of Eden to work it and take care of it. ¹⁶And the LORD God commanded the man, You are free to eat from any tree in the garden; ¹⁷but you must not eat from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, for when you eat from it you will certainly die.

      ¹⁸The LORD God said, It is not good for the man to be alone. I will make a helper suitable for him.

      ¹⁹Now the LORD God had formed out of the ground all the wild animals and all the birds in the sky. He brought them to the man to see what he would name them; and whatever the man called each living creature, that was its name. ²⁰So the man gave names to all the livestock, the birds in the sky and all the wild animals.

      But for Adam[7] no suitable helper was found. ²¹So the LORD God caused the man to fall into a deep sleep; and while he was sleeping, he took one of the man’s ribs[8] and then closed up the place with flesh. ²²Then the LORD God made a woman from the rib[9] he had taken out of the man, and he brought her to the man.

      ²³The man said,

      "This is now bone of my bones

      and flesh of my flesh;

      she shall be called ‘woman,’

      for she was taken out of man."

      ²⁴That is why a man leaves his father and mother and is united to his wife, and they become one flesh.

      ²⁵Adam and his wife were both naked, and they felt no shame.

      Genesis 3

      The Fall

      ¹Now the serpent was more crafty than any of the wild animals the LORD God had made. He said to the woman, Did God really say, ‘You must not eat from any tree in the garden’?

      ²The woman said to the serpent, We may eat fruit from the trees in the garden, ³but God did say, ‘You must not eat fruit from the tree that is in the middle of the garden, and you must not touch it, or you will die.’

      ⁴You will not certainly die, the serpent said to the woman. ⁵For God knows that when you eat from it your eyes will be opened, and you will be like God, knowing good and evil.

      ⁶When the woman saw that the fruit of the tree was good for food and pleasing to the eye, and also desirable for gaining wisdom, she took some and ate it. She also gave some to her husband, who was with her, and he ate it. ⁷Then the eyes of both of them were opened, and they realized they were naked; so they sewed fig leaves together and made coverings for themselves.

      ⁸Then the man and his wife heard the sound of the LORD God as he was walking in the garden in the cool of the day, and they hid from the LORD God among the trees of the garden. ⁹But the LORD God called to the man, Where are you?

      ¹⁰He answered, I heard you in the garden, and I was afraid because I was naked; so I hid.

      ¹¹And he said, Who told you that you were naked? Have you eaten from the tree that I commanded you not to eat from?

      ¹²The man said, The woman you put here with me—she gave me some fruit from the tree, and I ate it.

      ¹³Then the LORD God said to the woman, What is this you have done?

      The woman said, The serpent deceived me, and I ate.

      ¹⁴So the LORD God said to the serpent, "Because you have done this,

      "Cursed are you above all livestock

      and all wild animals!

      You will crawl on your belly

      and you will eat dust

      all the days of your life.

      ¹⁵And I will put enmity

      between you and the woman,

      and between your offspring[10] and hers;

      he will crush[11] your head,

      and you will strike his heel."

      ¹⁶To the woman he said,

      "I will make your pains in childbearing very severe;

      with painful labor you will give birth to children.

      Your desire will be for your husband,

      and he will rule over you."

      ¹⁷To Adam he said, "Because you listened to your wife and ate fruit from the tree about which I commanded you, ‘You must not eat from it,’

      "Cursed is the ground because of you;

      through painful toil you will eat food from it

      all the days of your life.

      ¹⁸It will produce thorns and thistles for you,

      and you will eat the plants of the field.

      ¹⁹By the sweat of your brow

      you will eat your food

      until you return to the ground,

      since from it you were taken;

      for dust you are

      and to dust you will return."

      ²⁰Adam[12] named his wife Eve,[13] because she would become the mother of all the living.

      ²¹The LORD God made garments of skin for Adam and his wife and clothed them. ²²And the LORD God said, The man has now become like one of us, knowing good and evil. He must not be allowed to reach out his hand and take also from the tree of life and eat, and live forever. ²³So the LORD God banished him from the Garden of Eden to work the ground from which he had been taken. ²⁴After he drove the man out, he placed on the east side[14] of the Garden of Eden cherubim and a flaming sword flashing back and forth to guard the way to the tree of life.

      Genesis 4

      Cain and Abel

      ¹Adam[15] made love to his wife Eve, and she became pregnant and gave birth to Cain.[16] She said, With the help of the LORD I have brought forth[17] a man. ²Later she gave birth to his brother Abel.

      Now Abel kept flocks, and Cain worked the soil. ³In the course of time Cain brought some of the fruits of the soil as an offering to the LORD. ⁴And Abel also brought an offering—fat portions from some of the firstborn of his flock. The LORD looked with favor on Abel and his offering, ⁵but on Cain and his offering he did not look with favor. So Cain was very angry, and his face was downcast.

      ⁶Then the LORD said to Cain, Why are you angry? Why is your face downcast? ⁷If you do what is right, will you not be accepted? But if you do not do what is right, sin is crouching at your door; it desires to have you, but you must rule over it.

      ⁸Now Cain said to his brother Abel, Let’s go out to the field.[18] While they were in the field, Cain attacked his brother Abel and killed him.

      ⁹Then the LORD said to Cain, Where is your brother Abel?

      I don’t know, he replied. Am I my brother’s keeper?

      ¹⁰The LORD said, What have you done? Listen! Your brother’s blood cries out to me from the ground. ¹¹Now you are under a curse and driven from the ground, which opened its mouth to receive your brother’s blood from your hand. ¹²When you work the ground, it will no longer yield its crops for you. You will be a restless wanderer on the earth.

      ¹³Cain said to the LORD, My punishment is more than I can bear. ¹⁴Today you are driving me from the land, and I will be hidden from your presence; I will be a restless wanderer on the earth, and whoever finds me will kill me.

      ¹⁵But the LORD said to him, "Not so[19]; anyone who kills Cain will suffer vengeance seven times over." Then the LORD put a mark on Cain so that no one who found him would kill him. ¹⁶So Cain went out from the LORD’s presence and lived in the land of Nod,[20] east of Eden.

      ¹⁷Cain made love to his wife, and she became pregnant and gave birth to Enoch. Cain was then building a city, and he named it after his son Enoch. ¹⁸To Enoch was born Irad, and Irad was the father of Mehujael, and Mehujael was the father of Methushael, and Methushael was the father of Lamech.

      ¹⁹Lamech married two women, one named Adah and the other Zillah. ²⁰Adah gave birth to Jabal; he was the father of those who live in tents and raise livestock. ²¹His brother’s name was Jubal; he was the father of all who play stringed instruments and pipes. ²²Zillah also had a son, Tubal-Cain, who forged all kinds of tools out of[21] bronze and iron. Tubal-Cain’s sister was Naamah.

      ²³Lamech said to his wives,

      "Adah and Zillah, listen to me;

      wives of Lamech, hear my words.

      I have killed a man for wounding me,

      a young man for injuring me.

      ²⁴If Cain is avenged seven times,

      then Lamech seventy-seven times."

      ²⁵Adam made love to his wife again, and she gave birth to a son and named him Seth,[22] saying, God has granted me another child in place of Abel, since Cain killed him. ²⁶Seth also had a son, and he named him Enosh.

      At that time people began to call on[23] the name of the LORD.

      Genesis 5

      From Adam to Noah

      ¹This is the

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