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Where Late The Sweet Birds Sang: A Novel
Where Late The Sweet Birds Sang: A Novel
Where Late The Sweet Birds Sang: A Novel
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Where Late The Sweet Birds Sang: A Novel

Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

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Before becoming one of today's most intriguing and innovative mystery writers, Kate Wilhelm was a leading writer of science fiction, acclaimed for classics like The Infinity Box and The Clewiston Test.

Now one of her most famous novels returns to print, the spellbinding story of an isolated post-holocaust community determined to preserve itself, through a perilous experiment in cloning. Sweeping, dramatic, rich with humanity, and rigorous in its science, Where Later the Sweet Birds Sang is widely regarded as a high point of both humanistic and "hard" SF, and won SF's Hugo Award and Locus Award on its first publication. It is as compelling today as it was then.

Where Late the Sweet Birds Sang is the winner of the 1977 Hugo Award for Best Novel.



At the Publisher's request, this title is being sold without Digital Rights Management Software (DRM) applied.

Editor's Note

Creativity & individuality…

Kate Wilhelm’s classic of dystopian futurism questions the role of individuality and the generative necessity of creativity in societies of great technical aptitude. Sound relevant? It is.

LanguageEnglish
Release dateJul 15, 1998
ISBN9781466832107
Where Late The Sweet Birds Sang: A Novel
Author

Kate Wilhelm

Kate Wilhelm's first novel was a mystery, published in 1963. Over the span of her career, her writing has crossed over the genres of Science Fiction, Speculative Fiction, fantasy and magical realism; psychological suspense, mimetic, comic, and family sagas, a multimedia stage production, and radio plays. Her works have been adapted for television and movies in the United States, England, and Germany. Wilhelm's novels and stories have been translated to more than a dozen languages. She has contributed to Quark, Orbit, Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction, Locus, Amazing Stories, Asimov's Science Fiction, Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine, Fantastic, Omni, Alfred Hitchcock's Mystery Magazine, Redbook, and Cosmopolitan. Wilhelm and her husband, Damon Knight (1922-2002), also provided invaluable assistance to numerous other writers over the years. Their teaching careers covered a span of several decades, and hundreds of students, many of whom are famous names in the field by their own rights today. They helped to establish the Clarion Writer's Workshop and the Milford Writer's Conference. They have been the guests of honor and panelists at numerous conventions around the world. Wilhelm continues to host monthly workshops, as well as teach at other events. She is an avid supporter of local libraries and participates in fundraisers when she is able to.

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Reviews for Where Late The Sweet Birds Sang

Rating: 3.835511961655773 out of 5 stars
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  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    Great story, I was very impressed that this was first published in 1974 because it could have been written today. The book looks at three generations of a family in the mountains of western Virginia: first, those who built the survivalist camp when they recognized how the rest of the world was about to end; second, the society of clones that followed the originals; third a son of two clones who strikes out on his own.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    Oddly appealing...

    4 stars for a fun read.
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    What a disappointment. Wilhelm out Ayn Rands Ayan Rand in this pean to individualism ending with one man to lead them all. With the trump regime, we're all seeing how well that goes.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    I really enjoyed this book and was surprised to see it was written in 1976! Can't remember how I heard about it but certainly glad I read it. A familiar story about the end of the world as we know it. A large wealthy family, the Sumners of Virginia decide to prepare by setting up a research center deep in the Shenandoah valley to survive the oncoming apocalypse. What they learn about the fertility loss suffered by their men and women and animals force them to start cloning. Everything seems okay until it isn't! No zombies here but frightening can come from unexpected directions. Reccomend.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    This was an interesting post-apocalyptic novel that won several awards after it's 1976 publication. The story is told in three parts. I liked the first part the best where the world is hit with an environmental catastrophe that renders humans and animals increasingly sterile and crops collapse as a consequence of pollution. That is not the focus of the story however. The story focuses on several characters who are part of a family that sees this coming before most and prepares to survive by developing clones in a semi-rural area near the Shendendoah Valley in Virginia. In the middle part of the book a journey is taken that reaches the ruins of Washington DC long after the extinction event. The science of all of this is rather dicey although the plagues that devastate populations are quite possible. The clones are not like the humans they came from and that drives the story.I was slow to warm to the middle part of the story when enough time has passed that all the original humans from the initial story have passed on and the focus is on the succeeding generations of clones. It was a little hard to sort out the characters but as the story continued things made more sense. However I think the author dropped the ball on a few things within the story which prevents me from really liking this. Not a perfect book but I definitely enjoyed reading this.
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    The story starts when it is already too late to save the world as we know it. A small group who realized the danger before the rest of the world was willing to accept the truth had started to prepare and plan for the future. They decide the only way to save the human race is to create clones. As the clones start to take over from the originals the story starts to explore the importance of individuality, imagination, original thought, and having differences. It was a quick start and you were soon in the middle of the main issues as the original humans were starting to find themselves obsolete. And it makes you think about what humanity is as the clones take over and it becomes apparent that they think differently, and do things differently. The question comes up of whether they have saved the human race or created something completely new. But even though I found the concept interesting it took me a while to get into this story. Due to the very nature of the characters there is a lack of emotion at times that I found hard to connect to. It took longer to get to know these characters and care for them. In time I did, but it took a while. I would say that if you are at all interested in post-apocalyptic stories (or clones) you should definitely give this one a try.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    Superb story of a colony of humans who survive the end of the world by cloning, and the advantages and pitfalls of that decision. There's a sadness that permeates all of it--except the ending.
  • Rating: 5 out of 5 stars
    5/5
    Having just read the final page I'm still slightly drunk off the story, but my first reaction... I'm awed (and a little saddened) by how relevant something written over 40 years ago can feel in today's world, both political and environmental. Quite possibly one of the best pieces of apocalyptic fiction I've read to date."The sighing of the trees wakened him and he knew the rain was over; the trees were shaking off the water, murmuring together about the terrible weather, wondering about the boy who slept among them."5 stars(although I understand the lack of diversity in the clones (for this story's world), I can't help but wonder what the inclusion of people of color would've done for the story. Hmm, but perhaps that is the point: that lack of diversity will only ever hurt us; that forcing "otherness" on humans will be to the detriment of the species.)
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    So this is the type of book I like to call "a day in the life" plot. In this case it's "a day in the life" of post-apocalyptic survivors. There's not a big quest plot or a lot of action, but there are big ideas. Somewhere in a blurb about the book it said, "filled with humanity" or something similar. I have to agree. I think this kind of plot has the effect of making you feel like you're "living" with the characters. That said, I didn't find myself especially attached to any of the characters and the "timeline jumping" (forward only), while necessary, seemed to dis-attach me further from them. It was a heavy story though and well-written.
  • Rating: 5 out of 5 stars
    5/5
    Where to start about this book? First, its prediction of the “end of the world” is so close to our current issue with Global Warming and Climate Change, it is almost terrifying.But the real cleverness in this book is the characters and the idea these grapple with – how much would one sacrifice to see the human race survive? And what is the balance between self and community?The book is divided into three parts. The first concerns the beginning, when the last humans created the clones. The middle tells what happens when the clones inadvertently trigger the individuality that had been buried in them. And the last section, what happens when a true individual gets tossed into a community of clones.It’s hard to explain why this book is so good. But the characters are what compel the story forward. It is the characters, rich and complex, that snares the reader and drags them into the story, only to let one surface at the end.For anyone who wants a truly great science fiction read, this is it!
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    A short, quick read, once I got into the swing of it. I was thrown a little by the changing timelines as it starts with one set of characters and then jumps to those characters being old, then jumps a little again to the new younger characters being older. Overall it's the story of the survival and future of the human race once it all goes to pot, and I enjoyed that side to it very much - the apocalypse was almost background to the main story. I also enjoyed the way that the characters were almost non characters apart from a few examples, because that's almost the point - these people are unable to think and feel in the same way that we are used to. Generally I'm glad to have finally read it and think it will be one that stays in my mind for some time.
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    This book is post-holocaust science fiction from the 1980s, and the tech level at the opening of the story – before the crash – definitely dates the work. The catastrophe is clearly a man-made one, involving pollution- and population-fueled famines and epidemics. As such, it speaks to our time. Although Wilhelm does not discuss global warming, as such, she does understand that ceasing all industrial activity would eventually lead to global cooling. Her cooling effect happens rather sooner than I think would be the case, but then she’s a little vague about how much time has passed in the course of her story.As a biologist, I’m not quite sure what to make of the biological science. Wilhelm shows humanity in crisis from widespread infertility, threatening extinction of the species. This isn’t impossible. Male fertility is currently declining, blamed in an article I read, on high environmental hormone levels from contraceptives. Other environmental causes are clearly possible. The solution the characters in the story choose is cloning – with unanticipated results from which she derives most of the conflict. Wilhelm depicts a progressive loss of mental capacity (especially creativity) in successive generations of clones. This is possible, I suppose, although I would expect there to be a parallel decline in general viability, and this is not seen in the story. Wilhelm’s depiction of the twin-effect within each clone (I’m using the word in the original sense of “a group of genetically identical individuals”) is both interesting and plausible given what I know about twins, especially identical twins. Wilhelm moves through three generations of characters in the course of the book, and I was often a uncertain how old each point-of-view character (there are four) had become. Frequent time-jumps were one of the more confusing aspect of the story. Although they allowed Wilhelm to cover a lot of temporal ground – which she needed to do – they were often very poorly marked in the narrative, leaving me to deduce that a chunk of time had just passed and to guess at how much it might have been. As a person who likes to identify with central characters, I was disappointed that several of them were simply dropped when they ceased to have a bearing on the story. The circumstances were such that they were possibly, or presumably, slated to die in the near future. While I don’t enjoy watching characters I’ve come to care about die, not having their fates made clear left me a bit closure-hungry. With the exceptions of these criticisms, the writing was generally effective, even evocative when dealing with unusual events and experiences. Overall, the book is well worth a read.
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    I had read this before, but so long ago (early teens?) that I couldn't really remember it. I've liked other stories by Wilhelm, so decided to re-read. Starts off with a nicely promising apocalypse, but quickly becomes a story of oh-no-the-clones! They're not Human!

    The (very thin) scientific premise is that individuality must be developed at an early age, and if a group of clones grows and develops together, they will fail to develop individuality (and associated traits like creativity, imagination, the ability to fall in love, the possibility of genius, etc). The clones think they are awesome and aim to create a safe, communal society. Only a couple of people see the deadly trap the remnants of humanity are falling into.

    Not only is there no logical reason that clones would develop the traits that Wilhelm gives them, the book's message about the importance of creativity and individuality seems like a straw man argument. Would anyone seriously argue that the ability to innovate is NOT important? Maybe there's a bit of a cold-war era residual paranoia about communism that contributed to this; I'm not sure.

    The "happy" ending of the book is also problematic. OK, the one 'individual' man kidnaps a harem of fertile women and sets out to repopulate the earth with hardworking innovators. Hmm. Are we concerned about genetic diversity, anyone? The numbers of individuals required for a viable population? Nah, everything'll be fine. (I'm fairly certain that people did know about the problems associated with extreme inbreeding even in 1976.)

    I have to admit that I still found the book enjoyable - I just like this sort of apocalyptic novel. But it's definitely flawed.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    An interesting story. I'm intrigued by the repeated themes of creation and destruction — not to mention their combination in the idea of flawed perfection, such as with Molly's portraits. David's attempt to destroy the mill when he realizes his clones are eliminating individuality dovetails nicely with Mark's destructive pranks later — which we learn are actually necessary to perpetuate humanity, as the clones do not have the imagination to see their own demise (another repeated theme, given that apparently only one extended family in the entire world has the foresight to establish a long-term, self-sustaining community to outlast the coming destruction). The end is clearly not an end, but another iteration in the cycle, although we might hope otherwise.

    I particularly liked the way that Wilhelm wrote characters out of the story. Another writer might have been tempted to give a hint as to what happened to David or Molly and the others who leave. Except for the party that dies of radiation poisoning outside of Philly (a particularly disturbing image for me personally, as I was born in that great city!), we never get a clear idea about the fates of anyone who leaves the valley. The probability that they meet some doom lingers at the back of the mind throughout the story, yet there's always a glimmer of expectation that we might run across them at the end. Not knowing for sure is a more haunting proposition than revealing that they did indeed suffer some calamity, if only because there's the possibility that they did not.

    Finally, Wilhelm does a great job at showing both the anxiety and inevitability (or inexorability) of parenthood. While we might like to think we have an influence on successive generations, ultimately they will do what they want themselves. The best we can do is to do the best we can do; rather than trying to force others, either older or younger, to do what we want, we should acknowledge our lack of power over the ever-slowly-changing zeitgeist and work to make things as good as we can. There's a huge potential for social commentary here — from the Baby Boomers retiring and its implication on job and retirement security for their kids and grandkids, to the ongoing developments in civil liberties...or violations thereof.

    If I have a criticism of Wilhelm's book, it's that in some spots she seems to miss opportunities to make things a little clearer. In particular, many of Mark's movements seem a little too instantaneous, especially near the end, but even throughout the rest of the story there are places where physical or temporal jumps are made which aren't very clear. Also, in a few spots it would be nice to know how old some of the characters are — for the most part, it's not necessary, but having a better understanding of ages might also help to understand the relationships between some of the characters, especially since as we begin dealing with so many clones at various stages of development. All in all, though, these are relatively minor, but I feel it pulled me enough out of the story to make it not quite a 5-star rating: I'd give this 4.5 stars out of 5 if Goodreads allowed half-stars.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    "What if...?" That simple phrase is the essential basis of speculative fiction. In Where Late the Sweet Birds Sang, Kate Wilhelm posits the question, "What if humanity were nearly wiped out and the only apparent chance of survival for the species is cloning?". Without wasting too much time on the mechanics of decline, within a few chapters our view is reduced to a single surviving community comprised mostly of scientists that are developing a cloning process as a substitute for widespread infertility in humans. But can the fruit of their labors still be considered as human?The tone of the story is pastoral rather than couched in hard science. Avoiding the tedium of explaining how and why things work the way they do, Wilhelm instead chooses to focus on the social ramifications and on the character development - which is very strong. Reminiscent of writers like Simak and Brackett, Wilhelm's prose is both direct and lyrical. Her characters have very real motivations and it's not difficult to empathize with them as they work through their issues.Fully deserving the nominations and awards it received, this book was a great read for me. I recommend it to anyone - fan of SF or not. It's one of those books that is more about the fiction than the science - and that's a good thing.
  • Rating: 5 out of 5 stars
    5/5
    Beautifully written, the concepts and story Kate Wilhelm creates will stay with you years after your first reading. Simply put, this is the Sci-Fi equivalent of Rachel Carson's Silent Spring.
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    I started reading this without realizing I was re-reading it. It was interesting to read a book about clones so soon after reading Brothers in Arms and Mirror Dance by Bujold. I think Bujold's got the more realistic picture of clones. But of course there's a lot more going on in this book.

    I also don't know that I paid enough attention to the cover before. It's an Escher! And it fits. Not just obviously the title, but the whole.. point of the book. There's even a line in the book about looking at black and white and then looking at it the opposite way. In short, perfect cover.

  • Rating: 2 out of 5 stars
    2/5
    I really wanted to like this book. Other people spoke so highly of it. But it felt so familiar: the themes, the characters (barely sketched out as they were), the whole setting... Parts of the writing are beautiful, but overall to me it felt too moralising, too typical. The idea that cloning will destroy individuality and thus creativity doesn't seem fresh -- though goodness knows, I haven't tried to work out the chronology of that idea: for all I know, Wilhelm was the first. It just didn't work for me, and in the descriptions of the clones in the first section of the book, I couldn't help but think of The Midwich Cuckoos...It's an easy enough read, and I think deservedly a classic, but I think perhaps it would have had more impact on me if I'd been alive when it first came out. To me it feels outdated, I'm afraid, and it isn't high on the things I value in narratives. I didn't dislike it, but I won't be singing its praises either.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    Very much enjoyed, would recommend. One caveat: the premise (cataclysm has happened, earth is drastically underpopulated and human fertility is knackered in) sounds like it fitted into a good old post-apocalyptic mould, but actually I'd say it's more like The Midwich Cuckoos. Its real interest is in the exploration of aliens-among-us - a group growing within the society which proves to be radically different to the parent society. I had assumed it would give me echoes of [book: Earth Abides], but I guess I'll just have to re-read that separately.

    One other point that doesn't really count as a caveat - it took me until part-way through the book before I really twigged that this is one of those narrative structures which jumps periods of time. Maybe there was something about the very first sections that made me not quite get that this was how it was working, but a couple of times towards the beginning I flipped back through the pages to see if I'd missed any of the detail. For instance, there is a reference to meeting someone because they wouldn't want her to bump into "those lot down below" and only later do you find out why - obviously this is a good compact way of storytelling, but somehow there was something about the way it was done that led me to miss it at first.

    The other thing that is more a personal preference than a quibble - the author does that thing where descendents of the characters you start with end up playing very similar roles, or having similar characteristics, as the original characters did. In a novel where cloning plays a big part this is obviously rather more appropriate than in a novel such as [book: Sarum The Novel of England], where the author re-uses the same characteristics over centuries! It is a stylistic feature that I'm not overly keen on, however.

    (I have added a tag for feminism here because while it's not strictly a piece of feminist sf, it clearly has equal relationships between men and women in a way that is laudable for not being elaborated on within the book.)
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    I read this when it was new, and I loved it then. I still think it's worth reading today- in fact, parts of it are chillingly accurate regarding climate and food.

    It suffers mostly from being so brief. There's quite a bit of room for expansion, and although I'm normally a big fan of terseness, there's just a little too much left out here. Some of the loose ends nag well after the book is returned to the library.

    It is a very interesting and very cogent take on cloning, a superbly imagined scenario regarding the problems that might arise in such a society.
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    Where Late the Sweet Birds Sang is a book to read for its ideas rather than its characters. It is the story of a world that is suffering from radiation and other forms of pollution. The ability to reproduce has been damaged. Human and other animal species are disappearing. Plant life has also been affected, so there's less food and the remaining people are fighting for what's left. A family of scientists is working on a solution to this problem. They plan to use cloning to create livestock and people who, hopefully, will be fertile. The novel starts out with two cousins, David and Celia, who are in love. Wilhelm uses their love to point out differences between naturally born humans and the first generation of clones. Three Celias came into view, swinging easily with the weight of the baskets, a stair-step succession of Celias. He shouldn't do that, he reminded himself harshly. They weren't Celias, none of them had that name. They were Mary and Ann and something else. He couldn't remember for a moment the third one's name, and he knew it didn't matter. They were each and every one Celia. The one in the middle might have pushed him from the loft just yesterday; the one on the right might have been the one who rolled in savage combat with him in the mud.These new clones have a unique sense of empathy. They are extremely close to their “sisters,” but don't reach out well to others. Sex is something the clones are obligated to have and something they enjoy, especially in large groups, but it is never a drive that pushes them into one on one, romantic relationships. Where Late the Sweet Birds Sang was first published in 1977 and I wonder if this aspect might have been a reaction to the Sex, drugs, and rock and roll philosophy of the sixties and early seventies.There are a number of problems inherent in the idea behind this plot. First of all, there are life forms that are not affected by the pollution. Trees seem to grow fine and so does grass. But beyond this and other technicalities are the problems of a plot about people who have trouble caring for each other. Wilhelm works her way through this by having some characters who still can care.Where Late the Sweet Birds Sang would make a good book club selection because the ideas have the potential to stimulate a great discussion. I found the reviews on Goodreads to be fascinating while the novel itself never captured me completely.Steve Lindahl - author of Motherless Soul and White Horse Regressions
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    (Edit to add: the review below contains what some may consider to be spoilers. But on the whole, I do not think that reading this review will spoil the enjoyment of the book for you.)

    Science fiction stories usually concern the impact of the progress of science on human beings. When the science part dominates, it is called “Hard SF”: when the human part dominates, it is “Soft SF”. However, this is not a rigid categorisation as most Hard SF stories (for example, Asimov’s Foundation series) contain some sociology, and most Soft SF cannot exist without some science. The most fascinating Soft SF stories deal with a society unalterably modified by science, and how human beings come to term with it.

    Did I just say “human beings”? Well, as far as Kate Wilhelm’s Hugo and Locus award-winning novel, Where Late the Sweet Birds Sang is concerned, you can add the word “almost” – since most of the characters in this story are clones.

    The Story

    The novel is a dystopia: one that many science fiction writers seem to love – the whole world having gone to hell on a handcart. Wars, pollution and pestilence of Biblical proportions are slowly wiping out life on earth. To compound the problem, human beings and animals are becoming increasingly sterile. It seems that the world is doomed to extinction.

    The filthy rich Sumner family, up in their farm on the Shenandoah Valley, have read the signs early and have found a solution. They will preserve an island of stability and sanity in a world gone volatile and mad in their mountain citadel – and led by the gifted Dr. Walt, Harry Vlasic and David Sumner, they develop the ultimate answer to sterility – cloning.

    So far, so good. Only, they discover too late that clones are not humans in the true sense of the word. Much more single-minded and efficient than their originals, and sharing an extra-sensory empathy with one another, they soon take over… and the world seems ready for a new species. A society where individuality is unknown and any deviation from the group is frowned upon; where sex is a group activity and the production of children, other than the cloned ones, is by harvesting a handful of fertile women as “breeders”. It is the end of humankind as we know it.

    Or is it?

    On a field trip to gather information and building materials (a perilous one that a few hardy individuals periodically make – it is literally a matter of life and death for any clone to be separated from the group for too long), Molly, the artist, is touched and permanently changed by nature. She can’t go back to the group existence any more: she has rediscovered humanity. Her art becomes steadily less utilitarian and more idiosyncratic, and she begins questioning group values. Of course, this striving for individuality is major deviant behaviour among the clones, so they isolate her in the old house, with its hoard of books. Unknown to them, she is carrying something else – the son of the doctor Ben in her womb.

    Molly and her son Mark enjoy an idyllic existence in the old house for five years until they are ultimately discovered. Mark is taken away to live in the communal nursery with other children, and Molly is assigned the role of a breeder, a baby – producing machine.

    But once touched by nature, man cannot become a machine again. As the clone community declines because of lack of innovation, abhorrence of nature and the steadily dwindling resources from a dead world, Mark, the earth-child, provides the spark to ensure that humanity is born again.

    ***

    The novel is structured in three parts: the first part (and in my opinion, the weakest) showing the development of the society of the clones and their takeover, the second part detailing Molly’s “conversion” and the third, the renaissance of humanity through Mark. Even though it attempts to be nothing other than science fiction, the mythical overtones are hard to miss. David Sumner is the original savior prophet/ hero, who creates the chosen race and is ultimately sacrificed by them: Molly, the Mother of God/ Mother Goddess: and Mark, the persecuted God Child/ Hero/ Messiah of the new world.

    Kate Wilhelm wrote this novel in the seventies, when the cold war was going strong. For Western Europeans and Americans, the Soviet Union was the Devil Incarnate and the ultimate dystopia, a place where human beings have lost all claims to individuality and function only as cogs in the machine, as epitomised by the communist bloc (we now understand that this was far removed from the truth). In those days, a communist takeover of the world was a real threat in the mind of the average American; the end of civilisation as we know it. Part of the success of this novel is that that particular paranoia is explored in detail, without being judgmental.

    “The Freedom of the Individual” is at the heart of the American secular religion, sometimes (in the opinion of citizens of other countries) carried to ridiculous extremes (one cannot imagine a philosophy like Ayn Rand’s meriting serious consideration anywhere else in the world). Collectivism of any kind is to be abhorred. So imagine the situation if the human race becomes collective, not through force, not through choice, but as an inherent feature of their biological make-up? That is what the author does, and her prediction on the fate of such a society is clear and unambiguous: death by atrophy of the spirit.

    The passage reproduced below encapsulates the author’s philosophy in a nutshell.

    …He looked over the class, and continued. “Our goal is to remove the need for sexual reproduction. Then we will be able to plan our future. If we need road builders, we can clone fifty or a hundred for this purpose, train them from infancy, and send them out to fulfill their destiny. We can clone boat builders, sailors, send them out to the sea to locate the course of the fish our first explorers discovered in the Potomac. A hundred farmers, to relieve those who would prefer to be working over the test tubes than hoeing rows of carrots.”

    Another ripple of laughter passed over the students. Barry smiled also; without exception they all worked their hours in the fields.

    “For the first time since mankind walked the face of the earth,” he said, “there will be no misfits.”

    “And no geniuses,” a voice said lazily, and he looked to the rear of the class to see Mark, still slouched down in his chair, his blue eyes bright, grinning slightly. Deliberately he winked at Barry, then closed both eyes again, and apparently returned to sleep.



    The community where everybody is forced to work in the fields and children belong to the group and not to their parents seems like a parody of Chairman Mao’s China.

    It is interesting to note that Mark saves the society because he is more in tune with nature than the clones who needs the presence of each other for sustenance and cannot survive alone. While stressing individuality, Ms. Wilhelm also seems to advocating the recognition of our umbilical tie to Mother Earth (Gaia, Bhumi, call her whatever you will). Presumably it was the separation which brought about the unnamed catastrophe at the beginning of the story – a scenario which eerily parallels the situation we find ourselves in today…
  • Rating: 5 out of 5 stars
    5/5
    Where Late the Sweet Birds Sang is a classic science-fiction novel, written by Kate Wilhelm in 1976. Wilhelm published her first short fiction (The Pint-Size Genie) in the October 1956 issue of Fantastic, which was an American digest-sized fantasy and science fiction magazine published from 1952 to 1980. She went on the publish her work in The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction, Locus, Amazing Stories, Asimov's Science Fiction, and other publications. Wilhelm established herself as one of the acclaimed writers of science fiction by winning the Nebula Award for Best Short Story (The Planners) in 1968; the Nebula Award for Best Novelette (The Girl Who Fell into the Sky) in 1986; and the Nebula Award for Best Short Story (Forever Yours, Anna) in 1987. Kate Wilhelm also won the Hugo Award for Best Novel, and the Locus Award for Best Novel, in 1977 for Where Late the Sweet Birds Sang, which was also a finalist for the Nebula Award that year. So what can this reviewer say about this classic science-fiction novel, except that it is a brilliant story, that is brilliantly written, and continues to be fascinating, gripping, and relevant to thoughtful readers in 2013. The plot begins when members of a large wealthy family realize that the World’s society was headed for an apocalypse do to disease, ecological issues, and social upheaval. They prepare for the coming apocalypse by building their own compound with its own power source, food production methods and supplies, living quarters, medical facilities, research facilities, and fortifications. Then they assemble an ensemble of people capable of maximizing the success of the isolated commune. The apocalypse indeed occurs and the colony survives and continues to grow and thrive for many years. However, as younger generations of the colony’s hierarchy begin to take control, unforeseen changes and challenges begin to surface. Over time the previous microcosm of the wider society, begins to deviate. Cloning becomes an important method of maintaining and increasing their population, and the clones become totally dependent upon each other. Eventually individualization is shunned, and creativity and problem-solving wane. I highly recommend this book to anyone who likes science fiction or just likes novels about the perversion of societies due to extreme (and rigid) social conventions and real threats from a crumbling larger society.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    An intelligent, thought-provoking treatment of the sociological and psychological implications of cloning, which grapples with the age-old question about the needs of the individual as opposed to the needs of society (especially as, in the author's universe, cloning seems to engender a kind of hive mind and individuality is discouraged). Wilhelm conveys a strong sense of the natural world and humankind's place within it, and is also a dab hand with the inevitable glimpses of the destroyed world outside of her clones' haven (indeed, some of the searing imagery here is made all the more remarkable for the overall 'quietness' of her prose). This book was written in the late 1970s and many of its thematic concerns still resonate strongly today. An excellent addition to the SF Masterworks collection (and how nice to see another female author making the list...).
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    Wilhelm's book is perfectly 1970's SF, dark and apocalyptic, the style that stiff, straight-forward stuff. The excitement is all over pretty early on in the book, and the plot was more personal and philosophical than epic. But that's just my preferences talking. It's definitely worth a read, though maybe a bit lonely for my taste.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    Dealing with the sensitive subject of cloning and its effects on an isolated colony of clones, Where Late the Sweet Birds Sang, is a continuous storyline separated into sections with many years in between them. Each segment, so-to-speak, has it's own protagonists and antagonists and crises to deal with and overcome. Even with the skipping of years in-between segments, the story-line stays pretty continuous and the reader is really able to develop a bond with the characters in a way that I wouldn't think possible with each segment introducing new individuals (or are there actually individuals in a cloned society!) Overall, this is a wonderful novel filled with adventure, mystery and tough questions regarding what it really is to be either an individual or part of a community. I would highly recommend, not only to science fiction fans but to anyone who wants to be able to have something to think about while also having an enjoyable reading experience.
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    yet another happy story about the end of civilization as we know it. One large family sees the signs and set themselves up in a remote valley to pre serve themselves through cloning themselves. They get past the third generation "slump" when nearly all the clones are sterile and a few babies are now born normally. When Molly gets pregnant she withdraws from the community and raises Mark on her own for 5 years before the community discovers she is a "breeder.". Mark is raised with the cloned children, but he has abilities that that the other kids don't possess--like the ability to be alone and think critically. Will this new civilization survive? No. Will Mark break free and begin a more viable human society. yes.Predictable--oh, yeah. With some rather disconcerting jumps in the plot. So-so.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    Cloning, and it's attendant questions about individuality, sexual identity, and the value of human progress are the theme of [author: Wilhelm]'s post-apocalyptic novel. The book reminds me of [author: Ishiguro]'s [book: Never Let Me Go] and [author: Atwood]'s [book: Handmaid's Tale], but is perhaps less didactic and more fun to read.
  • Rating: 5 out of 5 stars
    5/5
    "Where Late the Sweet Birds Sang" by Kate Wilhelm tells, in three distinct sections, the story of several generations of inhabitants of a valley in the Eastern US. The first section deals with Daniel, a research scientist who sees society begin to crumble around him. He takes measures to ensure that his family home, in the valley, stays safe. Subsequent sections are about future inhabitants of the valley, both human and clones. The book is thought-provoking and interesting, the characters compelling.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    I liked this book. I had no expectations before reading it, and found myself wanting to read and read until I got to the conclusion. In some ways this is odd, as there doesn't seem to be a great deal of pace or action in the cold light of day. The character development is somewhat stunted (necessarily so to portray the flat nature of the clones), the science behind the apocalypse and the crafted solutions is at best unlikely, and the style of writing is clearly dated.That said, the main themes alone, and the questions it raises are so absorbing, it would be hard not to get drawn into how it all pans out. Some of the scenes are very touching and beautiful, and at other times quite disturbing (usually the seeming coldness of the clones and their decision process).From a personal point of view, this was an interesting development in the thread that seems to be emerging in my recent choice of reads. For example, I have recently finished Ayn Rand's Anthem, and found the premise of her outlook almost as disturbing as the communist dystopia she was depicting. Her premise that the individual is king and society has no right to make any uniformity acceptable, is a major theme in Wilhelm's book. However, whereas Rand almost leaves you cowering under the sheer defiant challenge, Wilhelm takes you on a journey over time to watch as society evolves and changes. Although Wilhelm clearly has her own point of view, the writing allows for the reader's mind to develop its own opinions and attitudes.Warrants 4 stars as a sci-fi classic, but the many faults make it an imperfect read.

Book preview

Where Late The Sweet Birds Sang - Kate Wilhelm

1

Where Late the Sweet Birds Sang

chapter 1

What David always hated most about the Sumner family dinners was the way everyone talked about him as if he were not there.

Has he been eating enough meat lately? He looks peaked.

You spoil him, Carrie. If he won’t eat his dinner, don’t let him go out and play. You were like that, you know.

When I was his age, I was husky enough to cut down a tree with a hatchet. He couldn’t cut his way out of a fog.

David would imagine himself invisible, floating unseen over their heads as they discussed him. Someone would ask if he had a girlfriend yet, and they would tsk-tsk whether the answer was yes or no. From his vantage point he would aim a ray gun at Uncle Clarence, whom he especially disliked, because he was fat, bald, and very rich. Uncle Clarence dipped his biscuits in his gravy, or in syrup, or more often in a mixture of sorghum and butter that he stirred together on his plate until it looked like baby shit.

Is he still planning to be a biologist? He should go to med school and join Walt in his practice.

He would point his ray gun at Uncle Clarence and cut a neat plug out of his stomach and carefully ease it out, and Uncle Clarence would ooze from the opening and flow all over them.

David. He started with alarm, then relaxed again. David, why don’t you go out and see what the other kids are up to? His father’s quiet voice, saying actually, That’s enough of that. And they would turn their collective mind to one of the other offspring.

As David grew older, he learned the complex relationships that he merely accepted as a child. Uncles, aunts, cousins, second cousins, third cousins. And the honorary members—the brothers and sisters and parents of those who had married into the family. There were the Sumners and Wistons and O’Gradys and Heinemans and the Meyers and Capeks and Rizzos, all part of the same river that flowed through the fertile valley.

He remembered the holidays especially. The old Sumner house was rambling with many bedrooms upstairs and an attic that was wall-to-wall mattresses, pallets for the children, with an enormous fan in the west window. Someone was forever checking to make certain that they hadn’t all suffocated in the attic. The older children were supposed to keep an eye on the younger ones, but what they did in fact was to frighten them night after night with ghost stories. Eventually the noise level would rise until adult intervention was demanded. Uncle Ron would clump up the stairs heavily and there would be a scurrying, with suppressed giggles and muffled screams, until everyone found a bed again, so that by the time he turned on the hall light that illuminated the attic dimly, all the children would seem to be sleeping. He would pause briefly in the doorway, then close the door, turn off the light, and tramp back down the stairs, apparently deaf to the renewed merriment behind him.

Whenever Aunt Claudia came up, it was like an apparition. One minute pillows would be flying, someone would be crying, someone else trying to read by flashlight, several of the boys playing cards by another flashlight, some of the girls huddled together whispering what had to be delicious secrets, judging by the way they blushed and looked desperate if an adult came upon them suddenly, and then the door would snap open, the light would fall on the disorder, and she would be standing there. Aunt Claudia was very tall and thin, her nose was too big, and she was tanned to a permanent old-leather color. She would stand there, immobile and terrible, and the children would creep back into bed without a sound. She would not move until everyone was back where he or she belonged, then she would close the door soundlessly. The silence would drag on and on. The ones nearest to the door would hold their breath, trying to hear breathing on the other side. Eventually someone would become brave enough to open the door a crack, and if she were truly gone, the party would resume.

The smells of holidays were fixed in David’s memory. All the usual smells: fruit cakes and turkeys, the vinegar that went in the egg dyes, the greenery and the thick, creamy smoke of bayberry candles. But what he remembered most vividly was the smell of gunpowder that they all carried at the Fourth of July gathering. The smell that permeated their hair and clothes lasted on their hands for days and days. Their hands would be stained purple-black by berry picking, and the color and smell were one of the indelible images of his childhood. Mixed in with it was the smell of the sulfur that was dusted on them liberally to confound the chiggers.

If it hadn’t been for Celia, his childhood would have been perfect. Celia was his cousin, his mother’s sister’s daughter. She was one year younger than David, and by far the prettiest of all his cousins. When they were very young they promised to marry one day, and when they grew older and it was made abundantly clear that no cousins might ever marry in that family, they became implacable enemies. He didn’t know how they had been told. He was certain that no one ever put it in words, but they knew. When they could not avoid each other after that, they fought. She pushed him out of the hayloft and broke his arm when he was fifteen, and when he was sixteen they wrestled from the back door of the Winston farmhouse to the fence, fifty or sixty yards away. They tore the clothes off each other, and he was bleeding from her fingernails down his back, she from scraping her shoulder on a rock. Then somehow in their rolling and squirming frenzy, his cheek came down on her uncovered chest, and he stopped fighting. He suddenly became a melting, sobbing, incoherent idiot and she hit him on the head with a rock and ended the fight.

Up to that point the battle had been in almost total silence, broken only by gasps for breath and whispered language that would have shocked their parents. But when she hit him and he went limp, not unconscious, but dazed, uncaring, inert, she screamed, abandoning herself to terror and anguish. The family tumbled from the house as if they had been shaken out, and their first impression must have been that he had raped her. His father hustled him to the barn, presumably for a thrashing. But in the barn his father, belt in hand, looked at him with an expression that was furious, and strangely sympathetic. He didn’t touch David, and only after he had turned and left did David realize that tears were still running down his face.

In the family there were farmers, a few lawyers, two doctors, insurance brokers and bankers and millers, hardware merchandisers, other shopkeepers. David’s father owned a large department store that catered to the upper-middle-class clientele of the valley. The valley was rich, the farms in it large and lush. David always supposed that the family, except for a few ne’er-do-wells, was rather wealthy. Of all his relatives his favorite was his father’s brother Walt. Dr. Walt, they all called him, never uncle. He played with the children and taught them grown-up things, like where to hit if you really meant it, where not to hit in a friendly scrap. He seemed to know when to stop treating them as children long before anyone else in the family did. Dr. Walt was the reason David had decided very early to become a scientist.

David was seventeen when he went to Harvard. His birthday was in September and he didn’t go home for it. When he did return at Thanksgiving, and the clan had gathered, Grandfather Sumner poured the ritual before-dinner martinis and handed one to him. And Uncle Warner said to him, What do you think we should do about Bobbie?

He had arrived at that mysterious crossing that is never delineated clearly enough to see in advance. He sipped his martini, not liking it particularly, and knew that childhood had ended, and he felt a profound sadness and loneliness.

The Christmas that David was twenty-three seemed out of focus. The scenario was the same, the attic full of children, the food smells, the powdering of snow, none of that had changed, but he was seeing it from a new position and it was not the wonderland it had been. When his parents went home he stayed on at the Wiston farm for a day or two, waiting for Celia’s arrival. She had missed the Christmas Day celebration, getting ready for her coming trip to Brazil, but she would be there, her mother had assured Grandmother Wiston, and David was waiting for her, not happily, not with any expectation of reward, but with a fury that grew and caused him to stalk the old house like a boy being punished for another’s sin.

When she came home and he saw her standing with her mother and grandmother, his anger melted. It was like seeing Celia in a time distortion, as she was and would be, or had been. Her pale hair would not change much, but her bones would become more prominent and the almost emptiness of her face would have written on it a message of concern, of love, of giving, of being decisively herself, of a strength unsuspected in her frail body. Grandmother Wiston was a beautiful old lady, he thought in wonder, amazed that he never had seen her beauty before. Celia’s mother was more beautiful than the girl. And he saw the resemblance to his own mother in the trio. Wordlessly, defeated, he turned and went to the rear of the house and put on one of his grandfather’s heavy jackets because he didn’t want to see her at all now and his own outdoor clothing was in the front hall closet too near where she was standing.

He walked a long time in the frosty afternoon, seeing very little, and shaking himself from time to time when he realized that the cold was entering his shoes or making his ears numb. He should turn back, he thought often, but he walked on. And he found that he was climbing the slope to the antique forest that his grandfather had taken him to once, a long time ago. He climbed and became warmer, and at dusk he was under the branches of the tiers of trees that had been there since the beginning of time. They or others that were identical to them. Waiting. Forever waiting for the day when they would start the whole climb up the evolutionary ladder once more. Here were the relicts his grandfather had brought him to see. Here was a silverbell, grown to the stature of a large tree, where down the slopes, in the lower reaches, it remained always a shrub. Here the white basswood grew alongside the hemlock and the bitternut hickory, and the beeches and sweet buckeyes locked arms.

David. He stopped and listened, certain he had imagined it, but the call came again. David, are you up here?

He turned then and saw Celia among the massive tree trunks. Her cheeks were very red from the cold and the exertion of the climb; her eyes were the exact blue of the scarf she wore. She stopped six feet from him and opened her mouth to speak again, but didn’t. Instead she drew off a glove and touched the smooth trunk of a beech tree. Grandfather Wiston brought me up here, too, when I was twelve. It was very important to him that we understand this place.

David nodded.

She looked at him then. Why did you leave like that? They all think we’re going to fight again.

We might, he said.

She smiled. I don’t think so. Never again.

We should start down. It’ll be dark in a few minutes. But he didn’t move.

David, try to make Mother see, will you? You understand that I have to go, that I have to do something, don’t you? She thinks you’re so clever. She’d listen to you.

He laughed. They think I’m clever like a puppy dog.

Celia shook her head. You’re the one they’d listen to. They treat me like a child and always will.

David shook his head, smiling, but he sobered again very quickly and said, Why are you going, Celia? What are you trying to prove?

Damn it, David. If you don’t understand, who will? She took a deep breath and said, Look, you do read the newspapers, don’t you? People are starving in South America. Most of South America will be in a state of famine before the end of this decade if they aren’t helped almost immediately. And no one has done any real research in tropical farming methods. Practically no one. That’s all lateritic soil and no one down there understands it. They go in and burn off the trees and underbrush, and in two or three years they have a sunbaked plain as hard as iron. Okay, they send some of their bright young students here to learn about modern farming, but they go to Iowa, or Kansas, or Minnesota, or some other dumb place like that, and they learn farming methods suited to temperate climates, not tropical. Well, we’re trained in tropical farming and we’re going to start classes down there, in the field. It’s what I trained for. This project will get me a doctorate.

The Wistons were farmers, had always been farmers. Custodians of the soil, Grandfather Wiston had said once, not its owners, just custodians.

Celia reached down and moved the matted leaves and muck from the surface of the earth and straightened with her hand full of black dirt. The famines are spreading. They need so much. And I have so much to give! Can’t you understand that? she cried. She closed her hand hard, compacting the soil into a ball that crumbled again when she opened her fist and touched the lump with her forefinger. She let the soil fall from her hand and carefully pushed the protective covering of leaves back over the bared spot.

You followed me to tell me good-bye, didn’t you? David said suddenly, and his voice was harsh. It’s really good-bye this time, isn’t it? He watched her and slowly she nodded. There’s someone in your group?

I’m not sure, David. Maybe. She bowed her head and started to pull her glove on again. I thought I was sure. But when I saw you in the hall, saw the look on your face when I came in … I realized that I just don’t know.

Celia, you listen to me! There aren’t any hereditary defects that would surface! Damn it, you know that! If there were, we simply wouldn’t have children, but there’s no reason. You know that, don’t you?

She nodded. I know.

For God’s sake! Come with me, Celia. We don’t have to get married right away, let them get used to the idea first. They will. They always do. We have a resilient family, you and me. Celia, I love you.

She turned her head, and he saw that she was weeping. She wiped her cheeks with her glove, then with her bare hand, leaving dirt streaks. David pulled her to him, held her and kissed her tears, her cheeks, her lips. And he kept saying, I love you, Celia.

She finally drew away and started back down the slope, with David following. I can’t decide anything right now. It isn’t fair. I should have stayed at the house. I shouldn’t have followed you up here. David, I’m committed to going in two days. I can’t just say I’ve changed my mind. It’s important to me. To the people down there. I can’t just decide not to go. You went to Oxford for a year. I have to do something too.

He caught her arm and held her, kept her from moving ahead again. Just tell me you love me. Say it, just once, say it.

I love you, she said very slowly.

How long will you be gone?

Three years. I signed a contract.

He stared at her in disbelief. Change it! Make it one year. I’ll be out of grad school then. You can teach here. Let their bright young students come to you.

We have to get back, or they’ll send a search party for us, she said. I’ll try to change it, she whispered then. If I can.

Two days later she left.

David spent New Year’s Eve at the Sumner farm with his parents and a horde of aunts and uncles and cousins. On New Year’s Day, Grandfather Sumner made an announcement. We’re building a hospital up at Bear Creek, this side of the mill.

David blinked. That was a mile from the farm, miles from anything else at all. A hospital? He looked at his uncle Walt, who nodded.

Clarence was studying his eggnog with a sour expression, and David’s father, the third brother, was watching the smoke curl from his pipe. They all knew, David realized. Why up here? he asked finally.

It’s going to be a research hospital, Walt said. Genetic diseases, hereditary defects, that sort of thing. Two hundred beds.

David shook his head in disbelief. You have any idea how much something like that would cost? Who’s financing it?

His grandfather laughed nastily. Senator Burke has graciously arranged to get federal funds, he said. His voice became more caustic. And I cajoled a few members of the family to put a little in the kitty. David glanced at Clarence, who looked pained. I’m giving the land, Grandfather Sumner went on. So here and there we got support.

But why would Burke go for it? You’ve never voted for him in a single campaign in his life.

Told him we’d dig out a lot of stuff we’ve been sitting on, support his opposition. If he was a baboon, we’d support him, and there’s a lot of family these days, David. A heap of family.

Well, hats off, David said, still not fully believing it. You giving up your practice to go into research? he asked Walt. His uncle nodded. David drained his cup of eggnog.

David, Walt said quietly, we want to hire you.

He looked up quickly. Why? I’m not into medical research.

I know what your specialty is, Walt said, still very quietly. We want you for a consultant, and later on to head a department of research.

But I haven’t even finished my thesis yet, David said, and he felt as if he had stumbled into a pot party.

You’ll do another year of donkey work for Selnick and eventually you’ll write the thesis, a bit here, a dab there. You could write it in a month, couldn’t you, if you had time? David nodded reluctantly. I know, Walt said, smiling faintly. You think you’re being asked to give up a lifetime career for a pipe dream. There was no trace of a smile when he added, But, David, we believe that lifetime won’t be more than two to four years at the very most.

chapter 2

David looked from his uncle to his father, to the other uncles and cousins in the room, and finally to his grandfather. He shook his head helplessly. That’s crazy. What are you talking about?

Grandfather Sumner let out his breath explosively. He was a large man with a massive chest and great bulging biceps. His hands were big enough to carry a basketball in each. But it was his head that was his most striking feature. It was the head of a giant, and although he had farmed for many years, and later overseen the others who did it for him, he had found time to read more extensively than anyone else that David knew. There was no book, except the contemporary best sellers, that anyone could mention that he wasn’t aware of, or hadn’t read. And he remembered what he read. His library was better than most public libraries.

Now he leaned forward and said, "You listen to me, David. You listen hard. I’m telling you what the goddamn government doesn’t dare admit yet. We’re on the first downslope of a slide that is going to plummet this economy, and that of every other nation on earth, to a depth that they never dreamed of.

"I know the signs, David. The pollution’s catching up to us faster than anyone knows. There’s more radiation in the atmosphere than there’s been since Hiroshima—French tests, China’s tests. Leaks. God knows where all of it’s coming from. We reached zero population growth a couple of years ago, but, David, we were trying, and other nations are getting there too, and they aren’t trying. There’s famine in one-fourth of the world right now. Not ten years from now, not six months from now. The famines are here and they’ve been here for three, four years already, and they’re getting worse. There’s more diseases than there’s ever been since the good Lord sent the plagues to visit the Egyptians. And they’re plagues that we don’t know anything about.

"There’s more drought and more flooding than there’s ever been. England’s changing into a desert, the bogs and moors are drying up. Entire species of fish are gone, just damn gone, and in only a year or two. The anchovies are gone. The codfish industry is gone. The cod they are catching are diseased, unfit to use. There’s no fishing off the west coast of the

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