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    Grashalmen
    Grashalmen
    Grashalmen
    Ebook159 pages1 hour

    Grashalmen

    By Maurits Wagenvoort and Walt Whitman

    4/5

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    Read preview
    LanguageNederlands
    PublisherArchive Classics
    Release dateJul 4, 1855
    Grashalmen

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    4/5

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    • 3/5
      yes, its beautiful and inspiring and whatnot

      i suppose i dont feel like walt's radical equanimity and universal love have much to offer the present moment in the US. like, ya i get that it must have been super subversive for the time, thats rad and all, but walt only gets as far as "mb... criminals and poor ppl r not bad," never quite reaching "mb... police and rich ppl r bad"

      yes im being reductive but frankly idgaf. like, this sort of even-handedness can only do so much, can only go so far. at least nietzsche transforms his ultra-individualism into a clarion call for action and vibrant life. i certainly like walt's sort of existentialism better than nietzsche's, but damn walt just makes it so fucking BORING, so content w the world as it is! nietzsche, in his refutation of schopenhauer and the dharmic traditions, attempted to find a role for striving, for desire, for ego within the physical world of direct unmediated sensation. when this centered direction is taken out of existentialism, we're left w a bland acceptance of the world of illusions, a sad refusal to acknowledge to reality of suffering that suffuses all, in its horrifying depth

      several passages reminded me of this famous dril tweet:

      the wise man bowed his head solemnly and spoke: "theres actually zero difference between good and bad things. you imbecile. you fucking moron." (June 1, 2014)
    • 5/5
      Walt Whitman was a visionary, a tolerant and kind man, who spoke out about injustices and did not allow himself to conform. Looking into the soul of human motivation and reaction, he purposefully chose everyday people to demonstrate his loftiest ideas. He had deep feelings about humanity's return to the earth, completing the cycle of life. The war greatly influenced his ideals, and probably was a trigger for him to create updated editions of this poem, and with each he honed the lines and the placement. In many ways, this self educated and self published author was also a book maker - taking into account everything about the physical book as well as the content. He rejected censorship and joined in with other bohemian writers of the day. I read this poem slowly with a class over a period of weeks, and we discussed a lot of the background, and how his words were influenced by the events of the day. Walt Whitman's vision and words are relevant still today.
      Excerpt from section Full Of Life Now
      "When you read these I that was visible am become invisible,
      Now it is you, compact, visible, realizing my poems, seeking me,
      Fancying how happy you were if I could be with you and become your comrade;
      Be it as if I were with you. (Be not too certain but I am now with you.)"
    • 4/5
      Hier vertaling van de oorspronkelijke editie van 1855, 12 gedichten, eerste beslaat de helft. Klaroenstoot, vitalisme puur sang, sterk lichamelijk ingekleurd. Diep geloof in het leven, de dood, het zijn.Gevoel van verbondenheid met alles: transcendentalisme. Tegelijk onbelemmerde vrijheid centraal. Gras als symbool van het leven: hardnekkig, wild meebuigend met de wind, overal aanwezig. Vormelijk: taalorgie
    • 4/5
      Hier vertaling van de oorspronkelijke editie van 1855, 12 gedichten, eerste beslaat de helft. Klaroenstoot, vitalisme puur sang, sterk lichamelijk ingekleurd. Diep geloof in het leven, de dood, het zijn.Gevoel van verbondenheid met alles: transcendentalisme. Tegelijk onbelemmerde vrijheid centraal. Gras als symbool van het leven: hardnekkig, wild meebuigend met de wind, overal aanwezig. Vormelijk: taalorgie
    • 5/5
      I love Walt Whitman! He is my favorite poet. He saw things in a simplicity that had to divine in nature. He looked at the world through a childlike love. He wrote with his heart wide open.
    • 4/5
      My favorite Whitman piece is "To You, Whoever You Are". This poem is not included in the 1855 edition of Leaves Of Grass. This is the only reason I am not giving it 5 stars. And it's no fault of Walt's. Not even my own, I just felt I needed to own this edition. Surely I will procure the deathbed edition in due time and while some more hours away in the sunshine reading his genius.I love Walt Whitman, period.
    • 5/5
      2011 will go down, for me, as The Year Ben Caught Up On His Classics. Partly due to shame at continually seeing "Top 100" lists (B&N, Modern Library, etc.) of which I had invariably only read about 10, partly due to increased reading time thanks to becoming a train commuter, but mostly due to buying an e-reader and suddenly having easy, free access to public domain material, I've spent a good chunk of this year reading famous old books. Some of them were great; others, mediocre. Some of them have aged beautifully; others now seem quaint, silly, or merely boring.

      In any event, whether I've enjoyed the books or not, when I sit down to review them, I do so knowing that my better-read friends have probably already read them, often decades ago. And thus it is with Leaves of Grass. There's nothing I'm going to be able to say to shed any new light on a work that's been loved, hated, studied and scrutinized for over a century, and has had numerous critical works written about it. So I won't even try. But here are a few personal observations, in lazy man's bullet points, because I write paragraphs for a living and I'm on vacation right now:

      - This is a warm, beautiful collection of writings. Whitman makes constant references to throwing his arm around you, the reader, and the tone of the writing bears that out. Walt is the drunk guy at the party who really loves you, maaaaaannnnn, and keeps giving you hugs.
      - I love how he manages to give structure to his poems. "Free verse" is really a misnomer, I think, because the verse is musical and wonderfully well-crafted. Shorn of the restrictions of meter or rhyme, Whitman makes amazing use of alliteration and psalm-like repetition to impart rhythm. These are lovely poems to read out loud.
      - This stuff must have been scandalously graphic for the time period. There's a lot of throbbing and sliding going on. I can see why Emily Dickinson hated it.
      - It's interesting how Whitman's persona and point of view subtly shift: from omnipotent and omniscient, to solipsistic; from being above all, to being one with everything. One moment he's a silent, ghostly observer, separate from the observed, and the next moment he's just one more microscopic cell in the sweaty body of humanity.

      Leaves of Grass is so intense that it actually started to burn a bit by the end, an overstimulated, almost snowblind feeling. I suppose that's to be expected when you read in a few dozen hours what took a lifetime to write. I feel as though this is a book I will come back to for small doses, re-savoring favorite passages when the occasion and mood call for it. Wise, kind, funny, sexy, generous, and passionate. I'm sorry I waited 38 years to let Walt sound his barbarian yawp across the screen of my Kindle.
    • 5/5
      Whitman is today regarded as America's Homer or Dante, and his work the touchstone for literary originality in the New World. In Leaves of Grass, he abandoned the rules of traditional poetry - breaking the standard metered line, discarding the obligatory rhyming scheme, and using the vernacular. I read this most recently as part of a weekend retreat sponsored by the University of Chicago's Basic Program of Liberal Education. The music of his poetry was present as it is in the many authors who Whitman influenced.Emily Dickinson condemned his sexual and physiological allusions as `disgraceful', but Emerson saw the book as the `most extraordinary piece of wit and wisdom that America has yet contributed'. A century later it is his judgement of this autobiographical vision of the vigour of the American nation that has proved the more enduring.
    • 5/5
      Probably my favorite poet of all time or at least right up there. This collection was basically the one work Whitman did throughout his life and with each edition new poems or changes to previous poems would happen. I cannot say that I am much of an authority on poetry but I thoroughly enjoy Whitman's works and believe they should be read by all!
    • 2/5
      I actually did have to read this entire collection of poems. I actually did hate that fact. I happened to enjoy some of it, and much of it made me what to stab my eyes out with knitting needles. Professors, please do not make your students read this entire collection in 1 week in a mandatory survey course for English majors--you are killing Whitman again, and again, and again. Perhaps, if this were an elective course and I had been given the time to enjoy it, I wouldn't shudder when my eyes pass over the spine of this book on my shelf.

      My memory of this experience boils down to this: "The red marauder." Wouldn't Whitman want to be remembered for more?
    • 5/5
      a Classic The greatness of the USA and those She welcomes from other countries
    • 3/5
      I'm not a huge fan of poetry normally but I do like history, so thought I'd give Leaves of Grass by Walt Whitman a try. I downloaded my copy from Project Gutenberg after doing a bit of research. I decided to read the "Deathbed Version" of the original 12 poems, which were untitled when originally published in 1855. Whitman continuously revised his work for the remainder of his life with nearly 400 poems making up the 1892 Deathbed version. I found it difficult to sit and read more than a couple of poems in one sitting. Whitman's stunning volume of words wore me down. I would say I somewhat enjoyed the poems I read and that my 3 star rating reflects this. I acknowledge Whitman's innovation, creativity and place in history. I'd like to think I'd come back to read other selected poems in Leaves of Grass, such as the ones dealing with Lincoln and the patriotic ones pre-Civil War. What I really need is a proper guide and analysis plus a comparison of the poems during their evolution over the years. But that all begins to sound like a lot of study and effort that I'm not keen to undertake. The poems I read were:Song of MyselfA Song for OccupationsTo Think of TimeThe Sleepers I Sing the Body ElectricFacesSong of the AnswererEurope: The 72d and 73d Years of These StatesA Boston BalladThere Was a Child Went ForthWho Learns My Lesson Complete?Great Are the Myths
    • 4/5
      "The American bards shall be marked for generosity and affection...by the absence in them of tricks and by the justification of perfect personal candor." That pretty much sums up Whitman for me.

      Except I might add 'urgent' to the list of Whitman-esque adjectives. Sometimes the man got so carried away that he sprayed a poem with exclamation points. But I think he can be forgiven in the case of his moving lament for President Lincoln:

      "O CAPTAIN! my Captain! our fearful trip is done;
      The ship has weather'd every rack, the prize we sought is won;
      The port is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting,
      While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring:
      But O heart! heart! heart!
      O the bleeding drops of red,
      Where on the deck my Captain lies,
      Fallen cold and dead.

      O Captain! my Captain! rise up and hear the bells;
      Rise up--for you the flag is flung--for you the bugle trills; 10
      For you bouquets and ribbon'd wreaths--for you the shores a-crowding;
      For you they call, the swaying mass, their eager faces turning;
      Here Captain! dear father!
      This arm beneath your head;
      It is some dream that on the deck,
      You've fallen cold and dead.

      My Captain does not answer, his lips are pale and still;
      My father does not feel my arm, he has no pulse nor will;
      The ship is anchor'd safe and sound, its voyage closed and done;
      From fearful trip, the victor ship, comes in with object won; 20
      Exult, O shores, and ring, O bells!
      But I, with mournful tread,
      Walk the deck my Captain lies,
      Fallen cold and dead."
    • 3/5
      A lot of the poems didn't speak to me. Particularly the war and patriotism ones. But in amongst those are some absolute gems on the topic of love and looks, work and life. And compost! How can I not approve of a man who writes a poem about compost?
    • 4/5
      Read this book as a requirement for an Major American Writers class and found it to incredible. I rarely like the books that are assigned in class, but this one is one of the few exceptions.
    • 4/5
      Song of Myself

      1
      I celebrate myself, and sing myself,
      And what I assume you shall assume,
      For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you.
      I loafe and invite my soul,
      I lean and loafe at my ease observing a spear of summer grass.
      My tongue, every atom of my blood, form'd from this soil, this air,
      Born here of parents born here from parents the same, and their parents the same,
      I, now thirty-seven years old in perfect health begin,
      Hoping to cease not till death.
      Creeds and schools in abeyance,
      Retiring back a while sufficed at what they are, but never forgotten,
      I harbor for good or bad, I permit to speak at every hazard,
      Nature without check with original energy.

    • 5/5
      This delightful Illustrated Leaves of Grass, with introduction by William Carlos Williams (also a poet) and edited by Howard Chapnick, provides clarity and adds dimension to 14 complete poems and 6 excerpts of his longer works. The photos, lay side-by-side with the text, made Whitman’s words pop and dance. His message is so clear, strong, and timeless when presented in this format. Considering Leaves of Grass was written between 1855 to 1892 and these photos are from 1960 to 1970, it certainly has withstood the test of time. I can even visualize what a version with current events may look.In the introduction by Williams, he wrote, “Whitman came from a rhetorical and long-winded age.” I laughed and didn’t feel so bad that I had said Whitman word-puked in my recent Leaves of Grass review. He also wrote, “Never to my knowledge had the subjects of Whitman’s Leaves of Grass been so presented! The poem came alive for me as if for the first time.” Well said. I uploaded a few pictures in my gallery to share.More Quotes:On Equality from “Song of Myself”:“I am the poet of the womanthe same as the man;And I say it is as great to be a woman as to be a man;And I say there is nothinggreater than the motherof men.”On Celebration of the Body and the Relationship between Men and Women, from “I Sing the Body Electric”:“I sing the Body electric;The armies of those I love engirth me,and I engirth them;They will not let me off till I go with them,respond to them,And discorrupt them, and charge them fullwith the charge of the Soul.Was it doubted that those who corrupt their own bodies conceal themselves?And if those who defile the livingare as bad as they who defile the dead?And if the body does not do as muchas the Soul?And if the body were not the Soul,what is the Soul?The love of the Body of man or womanbalks account – the body itself balks account;That of the male is perfect, and thatof the female is perfect.”On Aging, from “To Old Age”:“I see in you the estuary thatenlarges and spreads itself grandlyas it pours in the great Sea.” ----- I love this lineOn Adventure and the Journey of Life, from “Song of the Open Road”: “Afoot and light-hearted, I take to the open road,Healthy, free, the world before me,The long brown path before me, leading wherever I choose.Henceforth I whimper no more, postpone no more, need nothingHenceforth I ask not good-fortune – I myself am good-fortune;Strong and content, I travel the open road.”And“Now I re-examine philosophies and religions,They may prove well in lecture-rooms, yet not prove at all under the spaciousclouds, and along the landscape and flowing currents.”And“Mon enfant! I give you my hand!I give you my love, more precious than money,I give you myself, before preaching or law;Will you give me yourself? will you come travel with me?Shall we stick by each other as long as we live?”On President Lincoln’s Assassination – one of his most moving pieces:"O Captain! my Captain! our fearful trip is done;The ship has weather'd every rack, the prize we sought is won;The port is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting,While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring:But O heart! heart! heart! O the bleeding drops of red, Where on the deck my Captain lies, Fallen cold and dead.O Captain! my Captain! rise up and hear the bells;Rise up--for you the flag is flung--for you the bugle trills; 10For you bouquets and ribbon'd wreaths--for you the shores a-crowding;For you they call, the swaying mass, their eager faces turning;Here Captain! dear father! This arm beneath your head; It is some dream that on the deck, You've fallen cold and dead.My Captain does not answer, his lips are pale and still;My father does not feel my arm, he has no pulse nor will;The ship is anchor'd safe and sound, its voyage closed and done;From fearful trip, the victor ship, comes in with object won; 20Exult, O shores, and ring, O bells! But I, with mournful tread, Walk the deck my Captain lies, Fallen cold and dead."On Whitman’s Acceptance of Death:“I bequeath myself to the dirt to grow from the grass I love,If you want me again look for me under your boot soles.You will hardly know who I am or what I am,But I shall be good health to you nevertheless,And filter and fibre your blood.Failing to fetch me at first keep encouraged,Missing me one place search another,I stop somewhere waiting for you.”
    • 5/5
      It is easy, and periodically fashionable to take Whitman for granted. Yes he is shamelessly self-involved and often goofy. He is also -- and here's the point, brothers and sisters -- continually amazing, and very good company. As with Bruckner Symphonies and the poems of Homer, there will always be the vexing question of which text is best. This particular edition is that, but its occasional inadequacies are more than covered by the wonderful illustrations by Lewis C. Daniel, an artist who dserved better than the obscurity into whic he has fallen.
    • 2/5
      While I appreciate the beautiful language used by Walt Whitman and free verse poetry in general, I am not really a fan. I much prefer the rhyming verse of Tennyson, Longfellow, Browning, etc. In fact, the one poem by Whitman that I really enjoy is O Captain! My Captain!, with conventional meter and rhyme. I am glad that I read this book and familiarized myself with Whitman's style, but it's not really for me.
    • 5/5
      Honestly my favorite collection of poems. The open road is my favorite. Walt Whitman discusses the connectedness of nature, democracy, and subtler, prettier things.
    • 4/5
      Walt Whitman is a genius of a poet. He takes what seems like existential ramblings, and turns them into beautiful and self-reflective pieces of art. This is not just poetry, it’s literally a thesis on life, a philosophical treasure, a song that celebrates being alive, a picture depicting the cycles of life, an ode to the SOUL – simple thoughts, taken to extraordinary levels by an extraordinary man.Although to some, the poems may be too open-ended, long, tedious or verbose to appear enjoyable - but, when you lay bare the meaning behind Whitman's words, you cannot help but feel empowered, aware, introspective, a believer in life, the lover of a human body, and a worshiper of the human soul. What more can you ask from a poet, and his poetry? Read it, live it, and love it!
    • 5/5
      The book that started it all. I would never have gone back to college if I hadn't read this--carried it with me everywhere for months! Walt Whitman is my "great uncle."
    • 5/5
      If there was a single book I could have on a deserted island it would be "Leaves of Grass". It is beautiful, inspired writing. It's been analyzed by many so I'll spare you any grand statements or a lot of detail, but for a taste of the themes Whitman puts across:- All men are brothers. The book celebrates the common man, and embraces the man that society has cast out or looked down upon.- Delight and oneness with nature. Delight in the small things in nature.- Spirituality achieved not by subjugating the senses or pleasures but by embracing them, and living life to the fullest.- The belief in the innate power, spirituality, and goodness of man. All of this is done in a very natural, unpretentious way ... I believe Whitman was truly inspired when he initially wrote this book, and was not regurgitating someone else's philosophy or metaphysics. There are so many wonderful passages and quotes, maybe someday I'll include some here but for now I'll just say I highly, highly recommend this book. Read it outside, under a tree.
    • 4/5
      My favorite Whitman piece is "To You, Whoever You Are". This poem is not included in the 1855 edition of Leaves Of Grass. This is the only reason I am not giving it 5 stars. And it's no fault of Walt's. Not even my own, I just felt I needed to own this edition. Surely I will procure the deathbed edition in due time and while some more hours away in the sunshine reading his genius.I love Walt Whitman, period.
    • 5/5
      a literary find. read with different understanding each decade of my life so far. still have my original copy - a gift at age 16 of a 1921 edition... can't even see the title on the cover anymore. all my reading has been measured against this volume. everyone should read it - at least once.
    • 4/5
      For some reason, Walt Whitman and Brahms are tied up in my mind as the same person...kinda like God and Santa Claus were when I was a kid. Regardless, Whitman (like Brahms) is obviously a genius!

    Book preview

    Grashalmen - Maurits Wagenvoort

    The Project Gutenberg EBook of Grashalmen (Leaves of Grass), by Walt Whitman

    This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with

    almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or

    re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included

    with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net

    Title: Grashalmen (Leaves of Grass)

    Author: Walt Whitman

    Release Date: December 6, 2004 [EBook #14281]

    Language: Dutch

    *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GRASHALMEN (LEAVES OF GRASS) ***

    Produced by Miranda van de Heijning and the Online Distributed

    Proofreading Team.

    "...............dit is geen boek,

    Die 't aanraakt, raakt een mensch aan."

    (W. W. Tot ziens!)

    WALT WHITMAN

    GRASHALMEN

    (LEAVES OF GRASS)

    VERTAALD DOOR MAURITS WAGENVOORT

    MET PORTRET VAN DEN DICHTER

    1917

    WERELDBIBLIOTHEEK

    ONDER LEIDING VAN L. SIMONS.

    UITGEGEVEN DOOR DE MAATSCHAPPIJ VOOR GOEDE EN GOEDKOOPE LECTUUR—AMSTERDAM

    GEDRUKT TER DRUKKERIJ DE DEGEL, AMSTERDAM.

    INLEIDING

    Een korte inleiding schijnt mij gewenscht. Van een reis, in 1892, door de Vereenigde Staten van Noord-Amerika, bracht ik als kostbaarste herinnering de Leaves of Grass van Walt Whitman mee. Tijdens mijn reis ging er geen dag om zonder dat ik iets van hem las, en nog lang daarna nam ik dagelijks het boek op om te herlezen. Diep was de indruk geweest, dien ik van den arbeid en het leven der Noord-Amerikanen had ontvangen, diep was de indruk, dien ik van de Leaves of Grass ontving. Deze poëmen, docht mij, geven een kort begrip van wat ik met bewondering en eerbied, soms met verbijstering heb gezien; zij zijn een verkleind beeld der geweldige republiek, het leven van Amerika verpuurd door liefde en denken van een universeel dichter. Toch geven zij meer dan de athletiscihe republiek: zij openen heerlijke visioenen van wording, ontwikkeling en voortgang in steeds groeiend recht: het Universum aanschouwd door een Amerikaan, wien de Menschheid eens een plaats zal aanwijzen te midden der groot-edelsten van allen tijd.

    Anderhalf jaar: te Chicago, Berlijn en Genua, gaf ik aan de vertaling van wat thans wordt gepubliceerd. Dit is niet de geheele Leaves of Grass, wel de geheele Whitman, zooals hij zich in de Leaves openbaart. De dichter herhaalt hier en daar wat hij gezegd heeft: er was geen reden die herhalingen te vertalen; buitendien liet ik mij door mijn smaak leiden. Er zijn enkele poëmen in de Leaves of Grass, die mij niet bezielen, wat natuurlijk aan mij en niet aan Whitman ligt. Zoo ook zijn eenig berijmd gedichtje Captain, my captain, dat ik onvertaald liet, uit eerbied voor het rijm, en wijl Whitmans karakter als dichter toch het heerlijkst in ongebondenheid zich uit. Niettemin was het denkbeeld mij een gruwel een salon-Whitman te geven. In mijn vertaling spreekt de bard zich uit met dezelfde zware en toch zoo zielvolle stem, die de zijne is, ruw soms, duister soms, maar altijd verheven, altijd menschelijk, altijd natuurlijk.

    Mijn loon was mijn arbeid-zelf. Wat kon ik inderdaad van mijn vertaling verwachten? Behalve door Emerson, Whittier, Thoreau, in Amerika niet, in Europa, behalve door Tennyson en Rosetti, weinig gewaardeerd, is Walt Whitman arm en ongeacht gestorven, nadat hij, om de onzedelijkheid van de Leaves of Grass, uit een betrekkinkje aan een ministerie te Washington was ontslagen. Wat ik niet verwachtte, een kleine twintig jaar geleden, was het bezwaar om Grashalmen gedrukt te krijgen. Indien ik Whitman fatsoenlijk had willen maken—wat men een bloemlezing noemt, uit zijn Leaves of Grass—zou ik niet bijna vijf jaren hebben behoeven te wachten voor een uitgever geneigd was althans een deel van Walt Whitmans werk te publiceeren. Dit evenwel leek mij toen beneden den eerbied dien ik voor den bard gevoelde: mijn vertaling zou in haar geheel of niet verschijnen. Zij verschijnt nu, wel is waar niet in haar geheel, maar toch in haar schoonste fragmenten.

    Wàt, in dezen tegenspoed, kon mij teleurstellen? Niets. Walt Whitman kon wachten, ik had geen haast. Indien mijn levensgeluk afhankelijk ware geweest van mijn literair succes, zou ik zeer beklagenswaard zijn. Mijne boeken vinden weinig lezers: het verlies daarvan is niet geheel aan mijn kant. Het verwonderde noch ontmoedigde mij, dat ik jaren had te wachten eer men mijn Grashalmen wilde publiceeren. De anderhalf jaar met Whitman doorleefd, schonken mij een levenswinst, die noch door eenig succes kon vermeerderd, noch door eenigen tegenspoed kon verminderd worden.

    Over Walt Whitman en zijne Leaves of Grass wil ik hier weinig zeggen. Mijn vertaling geeft de maat aan van de bewondering en de liefde die ik voor deze heerlijke twee-eenheid gevoel. Misschien toch kunnen een paar verklarende woorden hem een of twee lovers meer winnen. Men moet de Leaves of Grass niet nemen als gedichten, Walt Whitman niet als dichter. Om een paar dichters van onderscheiden genie te noemen: Keats, Kloos, Heine, Verlaine: naar hun beteekenis is Walt Whitman geen dichter. Noch kan hij gemeten worden naar welken dichter ook: zijn zangen zijn als symphonieën, en men denkt soms aan Beethoven, wanneer men hem leest.

    De oer-dichter was de man, door veel strijd, veel denken, veel leven hoog en groot geworden, richter, leider, priester, zanger van zijn volk. Hij verkondigde wat recht was, deugd, liefde en schoonheid. Wat hij sprak was de natuurlijke wijsheid van een God-gewijde ziel, door innerlijke aanschouwing en nog meer door het vuur des levens gelouterd. Maat en rijm kende hij niet, van verzen had hij nooit vernomen, wat men poëzie noemt had geen zin voor hem, maar beter dan eenig ander wist hij wat harmonie was en schoonheid. Hij had de menschheid lief en kende haar zwakheid en lijden, haar kracht en vreugde. Hij bezat dien oppermoed, die, geboren uit een onbedaarlijke zucht naar vrijheid, voorbeschikt om alleen en hoog te staan te midden der menschen. Het leven had enkel bekoring en de dood geen verschrikking voor hem. Dus had zijn volk hem erkend als richter van allen, leider van allen, priester en zanger tevens. Ziehier, in de tweede helft der negentiende eeuw, in een samenleving, de Noord-Amerikaansche, die nog aan het begin harer geestelijke vorming staat, de oer-dichter in Walt Whitman herboren, maar verworpen door zijn volk, omdat de menschen van heden niet natuurlijk kunnen zijn.

    Aldus moet de lezer Whitman beschouwen, wil hij hem begrijpen; zijne poëmen, zijne zangen zijn geen gedichten; het zijn visioenen; uitspraken, wetten, poëzie, zoo gij wilt, maar poëzie als erts, zooals het gevonden wordt in de Ilias, in het Nibelungenlied, in de Veda's, in de Psalmen, in het Hooglied.

    Wie lezen wil om zich te amuseeren, poëzie wil genieten als een zoete zielestreelinig, bekoorlijk door fraaie rijmen, lichten cadans en gedachten zwevend tusschen banaliteit, weemoed en burgermans verliefdheid, dien heeft Walt Whitman zelf terecht gewezen: de Leaves of Grass zijn niet voor hem of haar. Wien het gegeven is vrij te zijn van voor-oordeel, wie de schoonheid kan zien, ook wanneer zij in ongewonen vorm verschijnt, wie zich-zelf wil geven aan den dichter en het lezen steeds wil afwisselen door lang en rustig nadenken, dien opent Whitman grootsche verschieten van sterke liefde in de goddelijke eenheid van lichaam en ziel, dien schenkt hij moed, hoop en zelfvertrouwen.

    Wat mijn vertaling betreft: zij zal hare gebreken hebben, maar, wie mij ook het tegendeel zegge, ik weet dat zij goed is, als geheel. Whitmans vlucht door Tijd en Ruimte, niettemin, is soms zoo verheven, dat ik hem slechts heb kunnen volgen door lager te Wijven dan hij; op andere punten is de vertaling, onder het werk-zelf, en, natuurlijk zonder dat die bedoeling voorzat, beter geworden dan het oorspronkelijke. Ik gewoel temeer vrijmoedigheid dit te zeggen, wijl ik bij mijn werk geholpen werd door een dier vrouwen, die door een waarlijk hemielsche eigenschap alles verbeteren wat zij aanraken. Onze vriendschap-zelve belet mij haar te noemen, maar wanneer ik, zooals ik hiermeê doe, Grashalmen aan haar opdraag, geef ik haar slechts terug wat zij mij geleend heeft, wetende, dat ik voor mijn leven haar schuldenaar blijf, ook waar mij slechts van haar de nagedachtenis rest.

    Sevilla, Oct. '98. M. W.

    's-Hage—'17.

    UIT: INSCRIPTIES

    MIJN LIED IS VOOR HET IK

    Mijn lied is voor het ik, is voor den mensch des eigen levens,

    Maar van mijn lippen klinkt het woord Democratie, het woord

    En-Masse.

    Mijn lied geldt fysiologie van hoofd tot voeten,

    Mijn muze is niet enkel gezicht, niet enkel ziel, ze is beiden

    en dus meer dan ieder waard:

    Mijn lied geldt dan het vrouwelijke volkomen even met het

    manlijke.

    O Leven onbedwingbaar in uw passie, polsslag, kunnen;

    Kracht en Vreugde zijn uw namen, geroepen, gij, tot het vrije

    doen door goddelijke wetten.

    Mijn lied geldt

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