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    Jeppe on the Hill; Or, The Transformed Peasant: A Comedy in Five Acts
    Jeppe on the Hill; Or, The Transformed Peasant: A Comedy in Five Acts
    Jeppe on the Hill; Or, The Transformed Peasant: A Comedy in Five Acts
    Ebook118 pages1 hour

    Jeppe on the Hill; Or, The Transformed Peasant: A Comedy in Five Acts

    By Morris Johnson, Martin B. (Martin Bronn) Ruud, Waldemar Westergaard and Ludvig Holberg

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    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherArchive Classics
    Release dateNov 25, 2013
    Jeppe on the Hill; Or, The Transformed Peasant: A Comedy in Five Acts

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      Book preview

      Jeppe on the Hill; Or, The Transformed Peasant - Morris Johnson

      The Project Gutenberg EBook of Jeppe on the Hill, by Ludvig Holberg

      This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with

      almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or

      re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included

      with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org

      Title: Jeppe on the Hill

             or, The Transformed Peasant; a Comedy in Five Acts

      Author: Ludvig Holberg

      Commentator: Morris Johnson

      Translator: Waldemar Westergaard

                  Martin Bronn Ruud

      Release Date: February 5, 2013 [EBook #42022]

      Language: English

      *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK JEPPE ON THE HILL ***

      Produced by David E. Brown, Bryan Ness and the Online

      Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This

      file was produced from images generously made available

      by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.)

      Can't you trust me? I'm an honest man.

      JEPPE ON THE HILL

      OR

      THE TRANSFORMED PEASANT

      A COMEDY IN FIVE ACTS

      TRANSLATED FROM THE DANISH

      OF LUDVIG HOLBERG

      BY

      WALDEMAR C. WESTERGAARD

      AND

      MARTIN B. RUUD

      WITH A BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF HOLBERG BY MORRIS

      JOHNSON AND AN INTRODUCTION BY

      W. C. WESTERGAARD

      FIRST PLAYED IN COPENHAGEN IN 1722

      WITH ILLUSTRATIONS

      PUBLISHED BY THE MIMER CLUB OF THE UNIVERSITY

      OF NORTH DAKOTA

      1906

      THE EVENING TIMES COMPANY

      GRAND FORKS, N. D.

      Copyrighted 1906 by

      W. C. WESTERGAARD

      LUDVIG HOLBERG

      In the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries two great spiritual movements spread over Europe, the Renaissance and the Reformation. The former was confined principally to southern Europe, and did not influence the life or literature of the Scandinavian countries to any great extent. The Reformation, however, caused a new tho brief literary era, especially in Denmark, where the mother tongue was again accorded its proper place, and the people again began to think of a national future.

      Much had conspired to make the people of Europe lose faith in the old ideas. Copernicus had demonstrated that the earth was only a planet in an immense system, and Kepler and Galileo had taught that the earth circled about the sun, and that there was order and regularity in the movements of the heavenly bodies. Finally Newton announced his principle that the law of gravitation governed each and every one of these movements. All this together with the geographical discoveries of Columbus, Magellan, De Gama and others, revolutionized people's ideas of the universe and of the earth.

      In December, 1684, just two weeks before Newton gave his first public lecture explaining his discovery, a child who was destined to become the founder of the Danish-Norwegian literature was born in Bergen, Norway. That child was Ludvig Holberg. His parents died while the boy was but a few years old, and he was brought up by relatives. Too weakly and small to become a military man as his father had been, he was sent to the Latin School at Bergen. Eighteen years old he became a student at the University of Copenhagen. Two years later he became a student of theology. Lack of means compelled him to return to Bergen as a private tutor. But he soon determined to travel, and with a small sum of money he set out for Amsterdam. After considerable sickness and misfortune he returned to Norway. In 1706 there followed a journey to England, where two years were spent, largely in study at Oxford. Later he made four other journeys to foreign countries. Two years were spent in France, and about a year in Italy.

      What were the conditions under which Holberg grew up? And what did he experience abroad? Turning to Denmark we find the religious, political and educational status very low. We can get an idea of the prevailing nature of government when we learn that Christian the Sixth was spoken of in a university address as a king whom God himself fills with his wisdom, honors with his friendship, strengthens by his teachings, satisfies with his communications, perfects with Divine power, a man with whom he shares His creative strength, one who is beautified by God's image, and whose plans evolve from the thoughts of the Almighty!

      In the religious field, conditions were no better. Intolerance and persecution were the rule. He who dared depart from the dry orthodox dogmas was promptly dealt with by law. Coupled with this intolerance was a huge mass of superstition that hung as a depressing cloud over the people. An eclipse, a comet or some strange phenomenon was believed to portend some dire manifestation of the wrath of heaven and bespoke as a certainty the judgment of God! Belief in witch-craft was common. Only fourteen years before Holberg's birth, seven witches were burned at one time in Christiania.

      The theology of the day was such as to hinder educational activity. There was only one student of law, for instance, to several hundred students of theology. A little philosophy was taught, but chiefly to aid in carrying on meaningless theological dissertations.

      During Holberg's youth the social and literary conditions in Denmark were slavishly dependent upon those of foreign countries. Latin was the approved literary language. The new nobility was largely German, consequently German was the language of the court. German was also spoken to a great

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