Gurdjieff: A Beginner's Guide - How Changing the Way We React to Misplacing Our Keys Can Transform Our Lives
By Gil Friedman
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About this ebook
Are you ready for self-transformation? Many spiritual teachers promise transformation, but Georges Ivanovitch Gurdjieff delivers. Gurdjieff (1872-1949) was born in Alexandropol on the border of Russia and Turkey. Gurdjieff's teachings contain many concepts that, taken together are referred to as the Work. The idea behind the Work is that our first birth is our physical body, which is all we need to get through life. But we are capable of developing into something higher—just as an acorn can stay an acorn and die or develop into an oak tree, we can develop into something higher. Gurdjieff offers a radically original version of man and his potential for self-development. "Gurdjieff, A Beginner's Guide: How Changing the Way We React To Misplacing Our Keys Can Transform Our Lives" is a beginning guide to the teachings of Gurdjieff. Practical and eminently readable, it leads the reader through some of the main concepts necessary for self-transformation.
Gil Friedman
Friedman was born in a log cabin in the South, the South Bronx, He has always kept his New York accent. He attended P.S. 95, a public grammar school, and DeWitt Clinton High School, an all boys public high school. He started the University of Michigan at 17 but was unprepared socially. This has been his modus operandi throughout life. He then spent six months in active duty and five and half years in the reserve. After active service, he attended UCLA studying for a PhD in Clinical Psychology, but after two and a half years, he flunked out. He worked as a research psychologist in the defense industry for eighteen months, and then not knowing what to do, he applied to law school since there were no requirements other than having a B.A. On a lark, he applied to Harvard Law School, and much to his amazement, was accepted. At Harvard, he was one of the students there who made the top half of the class possible. After graduation, he settled in San Francisco where he obtained a job in a small firm in San Carlos, about 25 miles south of the city. While there he created, The Goldwater Calendar: Time for a Change??? about Barry Goldwater, the Republican candidate in the 1964 presidential election. After six months at the San Carlos firm, he was fired, one of the happiest days of his life. He next worked as a lawyer in a mixed neighborhood in San Francisco which he enjoyed, but had the thought he wanted to be a university teacher. While teaching Business Law at the University of Connecticut, he wrote his unpublished book about auto insurance entitled Are You Being Taken For a Ride? A chapter of the book entitled 'Why Auto Insurance Rates Keep Going Up' was published in the September 1969 issue of The Atlantic. After one year at Uconn, he came back to San Francisco to the hippie revolution. As a staff attorney for the Legal Aid Society of Alameda County, he reached the pinnacle of his writing career having five articles published in The New Republic in the space of seven months. After eighteen months at Legal Aid, he was asked to leave because he wasn't filing any big issue cases. He had a few thousand in the bank and wondered if he could go a few months without a job. The legal aid job was the last job Friedman ever had with the exception of teaching Family Law at Warwick University in Coventry, England for eighteen months, which was more of a vacation than a job, but the vacation abruptly ended when he received an advance to write a book on English di...
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2 people found this helpful
- Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5A good introduction and brief summary about the fourth way
Book preview
Gurdjieff - Gil Friedman
Gurdjieff
A Beginner’s Guide
How Changing the Way We React To Misplacing Our Keys Can Transform Our Lives
Gil Friedman
Copyright 2003 Gil Friedman
Yara Press
Arcata, California
Smashwords Edition
Are You Ready for Self-Transformation?
Many spiritual teachers promise transformation, but Georges Ivanovitch Gurdjieff delivers. Gurdjieff (1872-1949) was born in Alexandropol on the border of Russia and Turkey. A spiritual seeker in his youth, he spent twenty years traveling in Asia and the Middle East while developing his revolutionary system of personal transformation.
Gurdjieff then settled in Moscow and started forming groups in both Moscow and St. Petersburg. Gurdjieff‘s teachings contain many concepts and, taken together, are referred to as the Work. The idea behind the Work is that our first birth is our physical body, which is all we need to get through life. But we are capable of developing into something higher, just as an acorn can stay an acorn and die or develop into an Oak Tree, we can develop into something higher. And whereas other methods often require the student to go to a monastery, sanctuary, or to retreats to separate from ordinary life, the Work uses our ordinary experiences in life as the material we work on for our development.
These ordinary experiences are not some interruption to our lives, but exactly the material we need to work with. This work can only be done by intentional efforts. All mechanical efforts are useless. The Work emphasizes that many of us are in negative states without realizing it. And if there is any mantra in the Work it might be that we have the right not to be negative. The end result of our development is that we develop ourselves to a higher level, so we react differently to the events that transpire in our lives, more consciously and less mechanically.
Often challenging and even esoteric, Gurdjieff offers a radically original version of man and his potential for self-development. Gurdjieff, A Beginner’s Guide: How Changing the Way We React To Misplacing Our Keys Can Transform Our Lives is a beginning guide to the teachings of Gurdjieff. Practical and eminently readable, it leads the reader through some of the main concepts necessary for self-transformation.
Copyright 2003 by Gil Friedman
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or in any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
ISBN 0-913038-27-X
Readers interested in obtaining copies of this book or any other book by Gil Friedman can contact him at:
Yara Press
1735 J Street
Arcata, CA 95521
Tel. and Fax (707) 822-5001
gilfriedman1@gmail.com
www.GilFriedman.com
Other Books by Gil Friedman
The Goldwater Calendar: Time for a Change???
How to Buy and Sell a Used Car in Europe
How to Conduct Your Own Divorce in England and Wales and a Guide to the Divorce Laws
A Dictionary of Love
Love Notes: Quotations From the Heart
(An expanded version of A Dictionary of Love. It is an anthology of over 650 quotations on love from the profane to the profound arranged alphabetically into 211 subject categories by over 350 authors.)
How to Be Totally Unhappy in a Peaceful World: A Complete Manual with Rules, Exercises, a Midterm and Final Exam
The Bush Calendar: Four More Years???
Dedications and Acknowledgements
First, I would like to dedicate this book to and thank my late friend, Richard Liebow, for introducing me to the work of Gurdjieff during our walks in San Francisco in the late sixties and early seventies. I would also like to thank him for encouraging me, after I attended several of his weekly meetings in San Francisco, to start a study group in the town I live in. My thanks to two members of my study group, Elaine Weinreb and Cheron O'Brian, who read early drafts of the manuscript and thought the book would be of use and encouraged me to publish it. I would like to thank the following people who all read the manuscript and made valuable suggestions for improving both its form and helping clarify my ideas as how to present them: Rita Carlson, Ruth Silverberg, Sharon Rice, Christina Pirruccello, Sue Ann Armstrong, Ramón Stevens, Helen Friedman, Jinny Connolly, Gisela Linder, and Katie Waugh-Kelso. I wish to give a special thanks to Eric Gregory for all his efforts in producing and publishing the final version of this book. I also want to express my sincere thanks for Tobias Griggs for helping me to produce revised versions of this and helping it to become an eBook. My heartfelt thanks go to all of the above persons. In the end, all the mistakes in grammar, style, or in the content of the ideas discussed in the book are solely my responsibility.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Who This Book was Written For
The Danger of a Straightforward Presentation of Gurdjieff's Work
Note to Reader
Who Were Gurdjieff and Ouspensky?
This Primer Does Not Cover the Entire Teachings
What Is the Purpose of the Work?
The Difference Between Knowledge and Being
Where Do We Live?
Our Level of Being Attracts Our Life
The Good, the Bad, and the Purpose of the Work
Understanding Each Other and Our Level of Being
Good and Bad and the Concept of Aim
So What Is the Work About and How Is It Different?
Some of the Work's Assumptions—The Concept of Progress
The Work Assumption of Individual Effort
The Work Assumption That Life Does Not Become Easy After Studying the Work
Who Can Study the Work? Good Householders—Yes; Tramps, Lunatics and Hasnamous—No
The Magnetic Center and A, B, and C Influences
How the Work Views Man 1: Multiple Personalities and Lack of Unity
The Concept of Buffers
How the Work Views Man 2: Man Cannot Do, Everything Happens
Why Can't Man Do? Because He Is Asleep
What Is Self-Remembering?
What Keeps Us from Self-Remembering?
1. Identification
2. Internal Considering vs. External Considering
3. Self-Justification
4. Self-Pity
What Are Some of the Consequences of Not-Remembering Ourselves?
It Leads to Being in a Negative State
The Second Consequence is We Lose Force
The Third Consequence is We Become Violent
The Fourth Consequence is We Lose Contact with Our Higher Centers
How the Work Views Man: Personality and Essence
What Does the Work Say About False Personality and Imaginary 'I'?
How Can We Change?
External and Internal Observation or Attention
What Is Involved in Self-Observation?
The No-No's
of Self-Observation
The Taste of the Work
Observing Our Centers
The Concept of Buried Conscience
What Changes are Important from the Work Point of View?
The Difference Between Knowing and Understanding
Requirements in the Work That Lead to Understanding
Observing Ourselves: An Inside Job
What Changes Can We Make in the Beginning?
Our Chief Feature
We Are Under the Influence of Laws
The Law of Three
A Shortcut to Decrease the Resisting Force: Will
What We Have to Do
The Three Forces in Relationship to Essence and Personality
The Laws of Accident and Fate in Relationship to Essence and Personality
The Law of Seven
How Do We Give Ourselves Conscious Shocks?
The Law of the Pendulum
The Fourth Way
The Seven Levels of Man
Man as a Three-Story Structure
Food, Air, and Impressions
Divided Attention
The Three Levels of Attention
Inner States vs. External Events
Sacrificing Our Suffering
A Shortcut to Relieving Our Suffering: Liking What We Dislike
The Difference Between Mechanical and Conscious Suffering
We Have a Right Not to be Negative
The Importance of Relaxation and Exercise
The Parable of the Horse-Drawn Carriage
The Four Bodies of Man
Methods for Awakening
A Caveat on Group Leaders
The Power of Reading Out Loud
Workbooks
Conclusion
Reviews of Other Books by Gil Friedman
Introduction
I am totally unqualified to write this book. This, however, is not the first time that I have been totally unqualified to write a book. While teaching Family Law at Warwick University in England, I wrote the book, How to Conduct Your Own Divorce in England and Wales and a Guide to the Divorce Laws. There was probably no one in England who had fewer qualifications than I. Yet it was published, received a few good reviews, and went into three editions. I also compiled a book of quotations on love entitled A Dictionary of Love that was later republished as Love Notes: Quotations from the Heart. Again, I can think of no one who knows less about love than I, but then as one friend said, Who really knows anything about love?
The only book that I was fully qualified to write was How to be Totally Unhappy in a Peaceful World: A Complete Manual with Rules, Exercises, a Midterm and Final Exam. So how can I take up such a serious subject as writing on Gurdjieff and Ouspensky, who was Gurdjieff’s primary student and a prolific writer on this subject?
Who This Book was Written For
When a writer sets out to write, if he is a professional, he supposedly knows the target audience the book is for. In fact, real pros in the nonfiction field can write the ad for the book to the specific target market before they write the book. I am writing this book to see if I can lay out some of the basic principles with the hope that by writing them out I can better apply them to my life. Nevertheless, if this book ever gets into anyone else’s hands, I hope he or she finds it of some value and worth whatever time spent on it. However, since I make no claims of being an expert in this field, I warn the reader that I may have omitted key elements of the teachings or I may have incorrectly interpreted some of the concepts. I have followed the premise of Benjamin Disraeli, the nineteenth-century British Prime Minister, who said, The best way to learn about a subject is to write a book about it.
I also thought about Ouspensky’s suggestion that sometimes one can understand something one does not understand by trying to explain it to others. Certainly putting the ideas down on paper and trying to explain it to myself gives the ideas a specificity that I could not get by just talking about them. If I knew nothing about a subject, it becomes fairly apparent when I put it down on paper. So by writing this book, I have had to research many of the concepts discussed here. Whether I got it right in the final analysis, for me, will be whether I actually change.
There is one other point I want to make about this teaching. All the concepts in it are interdependent. Therefore, in discussing the ideas of the system, instead of thinking of it as a straight line it is better to think of it as a circle. A person can start anywhere in the system and it will eventually lead to everything in the system, so the concepts that I started with in the beginning could have come later in the book and vice versa. Furthermore, there is a tendency to repeat certain ideas as the book advances. This is because when I start writing about a new idea, it will be related to ones I have already discussed, and to give a complete, or at least a fuller, idea of the new topic, I have to bring in ideas I have already discussed. Perhaps the real reason is that I am just verbose and repetitious. I’ll let you be the judge. Even if I am correct in describing the ideas, there is still the danger discussed below.
The Danger of a Straightforward Presentation of Gurdjieff's Work
There are many concepts in the teachings of Gurdjieff and Ouspensky. The concepts come under the general category called the Work. Even if I have rendered the ideas I discuss correctly, there is still a danger in just laying out the ideas of the Work. One of the greatest dangers of the Work is that it can become purely a matter of memory. Then the Work would simply lie in the outer memory and the entire value of the Work would drop to zero. It would be something outside the person and not inside them. It would not be emotional. It would not touch them and—according to Maurice Nicoll, a teacher of the Work—a system of esoteric teaching that always takes itself as final becomes mere memory. Therefore, one could read my book and recite the concepts from it from memory and not have applied any of the ideas but, rather, think that somehow they knew what the Work is about.
The Work has three phases. The first is that we value it. To value it, we must know what the ideas are that it brings forth. If we don’t know the ideas of the Work, we can’t go on. The second step is actually applying the ideas of the Work to our lives. If we don’t apply them to our lives, we have just learned another branch of information that we can keep in our memory and recite like a parrot. It is the second stage where the Work really begins. The third stage of the Work is to realize how difficult it is to apply these ideas to our lives. It is not something that we can master in a few months or years. It is a lifelong process.
Note to Reader
Although the ideas discussed in this book come from Gurdjieff and his student Ouspensky, I want to make it clear they did not originate with them. They are transmitters of the ideas. It is the ideas that are of importance, much more so than the men. Since many great men, religious or otherwise, often turn out to have feet of clay because they are also human, we can become disillusioned with them as men and therefore disregard the ideas they were teaching. The ideas in this book have a long history that includes Christ, the Sufis, the Taoists and many other groups whose work was the transformation of man. The idea of true alchemy was not turning lead into gold, but the transformation of ourselves, as anyone can attest to who has tried to change anything in him or herself. Gurdjieff learned many of these ideas from his travels as a young man.
There are many ideas and concepts in this book. The reader is not asked to take any on faith. The reader must understand and verify these ideas and methods in his or her own life, and might find a few ideas useful and the rest useless or even completely incomprehensible. Use what you can use and ignore the rest. Even one idea in this book can make a big difference in your life.
Studies show that only ten percent of the people who start a nonfiction book read beyond the first chapter. I hope you will read on. I think the ideas in this book will be better received if one comes to it with an open mind. If we think we know everything we are reading already because we are a philosophy professor or successful in some other branch of life, we can be shutting ourselves off from some very important concepts that can have a profound effect on our lives. Do not be like the professor who went to visit the Zen master and kept on talking, not letting the Zen master say anything. The Zen master poured the professor tea and after filling his cup, kept pouring tea, spilling it over the table. When the professor protested, the Zen master said that this cup was like the professor’s mind, so full of itself that nothing could enter it. Since the purpose of the teachings in this book is to make us think in a new way, I hope you will leave some space in your mind to allow some of these ideas to enter. Even if many of the ideas seem foreign to you, and even if you subsequently reject them, give these ideas a chance to be heard. Who Gurdjieff and Ouspensky were is discussed next.
Who Were Gurdjieff and Ouspensky?
Georges Ivanovitch Gurdjieff (1872-1949) was born in Alexandropol on the border of Russia and Turkey. He was a