Hawaii: From Origins To The End Of The Monarchy
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About this ebook
Hawaii is a group of islands known throughout the world for it's physical beauty, and is one of the most popular of tourist destinations. However, few visitors ever learn much about the Hawaiian people themselves and their history, dating back at least 2000 years.
This book covers the origins of the Hawaiians, their traditions, royalty, and history up to the end of the 19th century, when Hawaii was annexed by the United States.
How many people know that there were two distinct phases of migration to Hawaii, separated by more than 1000 years? What is the real meaning of Aloha? What really is a Kahuna?
This book answers these questions and much more, and is filled with color photographs.
Brien Foerster
Brien was born in Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A. but grew up on the west coast of Canada. At age 11, he became fascinated with the Native art of the Haida native people, and began carving totem poles, and other related art forms, learning from Native teachers. After completing an Honours Bachelor Of Science degree, Brien decided to take up carving and sculpture full time, at the age of 25. In 1995 he moved to Maui, Hawaii, and was hired as assistant project manager for the building of the 62 foot double hull sailing canoe ( ancestor of the modern day catamaran ) Mo’okiha O Pi’ilani ( Sacred Lizard That Pierces The Heavens. ) This project lasted 2 years. There, having learned how to make Hawaiian outrigger canoe paddles from master carver Keola Sequiera, he started an online outrigger paddle business, which flourished internationally. Peru became his next major area of interest. The study of the Inca culture led to his writing a book, A Brief History Of The Incas which is available on this site, and is also actively engaged with native Shipibo people from the central Amazon of Peru, promoting the sale of their traditional arts and crafts. www.shipibospirit.com Other projects, which will result in published books, include one about the ancient history of Hawaii, the mysterious stone monuments of Peru that predate the Inca, and the search for the lost continent of Mu. This will require combining all that he has learned so far, with trips to New Zealand (Aotearoa), Hawaii, and Easter island (Rapanui.) www.kalaispirit.com
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Hawaii - Brien Foerster
Hawaii: Origins To The End Of The Monarchy
By Brien Foerster
Copyright Brien Foerster 2011
Published At Smashwords
Table Of Contents: Chapters
1/ My Hawaiian Experiences
2/ Origin Of The Hawaiian People
3/ Second Wave Of Migration; The Tahitians
4/ Voyaging Tradition
5/ The Hawaiian Creation Story
6/ ‘Aina: The Land
7/ Ali’i: Ruling Families
8/ Ohana: Family Structure
9/ Kahuna System
10/ Warfare
11/ Language
12/ Reciprocity
13/ Kamehameha (The Lonely One): First King
14/ Kamehameha II: Liholiho
15/ Kamehameha III: Kauikeaouli
16/ Kamehameha IV: ???
17/ Kamehameha V: Lot Kapuaiwa
18/ Lili’uokalani: Last of the Royalty
19/ Captain James Cook
20/ Father Damien
21/ Island Profiles:
21a/ Hawaii: Big Island
21b/ Maui: Valley Isle
21c/ Kaho’olawe: Child Of Kanaloa
21d/ Lana’i: Pineapple Isle
21e/ Moloka’i: The Friendly Isle
21f/ Oahu: The Gathering Place
21g/ Kaua’i: The Garden Isle
21h/ Ni’ihau: The Forbidden Island
22/ Legendary Characters:
22a/ Maui
22b/ Hina
22c/ Pele
22d/ Kihawahine
Dedication:
Aloha and Mahalo (thank you) to the Kupuna (elders and ancestors) of Hawaii for all that you taught me in quiet conversations and through my many visits to these beautiful islands through the decades.
Especially to Uncle Ned and Aunty Pua Lindsey, as well as Max Agather, all three of whom have passed on; as the sun set in the west, they have moved on th the lands and loving arms of the ancestors.
To all those who helped initiate, work on, and continue to work on the Mo’okiha O Pi’ilani (Sacred Lizard That Pierces The Heavens) voyaging canoe project, and the maintenance of the nani (beautiful) Mo’olele (Flying Lizard) double hull sailing canoe.
I thank my own ancestors, and my parents Darryl and Ann, for always encouraging me to think out of the box
and go where my heart and spirit tell me; that is how I found Hawaii.
And lastly, but certainly not least, my beloved Irene, for always being there…
A Brief History Of Hawaii:
From Origins To The End Of The Monarchy
1/ My Hawaiian Experiences
The purpose and intent of this book is to give you, the reader, a brief but thorough overview of where the Hawaiian people came from, how they discovered and colonized the islands of Hawaii, and their customs and lifestyle.
Aloha is being a part of all
And all being a part of me
When there is pain, it is my pain
When there is joy, it is mine also
I respect all that is
As part of the Creator and part of me
I will not wilfully harm anyone or anything
When food is needed I will take only my need
And explain why it is being taken
The earth, the sky, the sea are mine
To care for, to cherish, and to protect
This is Hawaiian, this is Aloha!
(Excerpt from Tales From The Night Rainbow
by Koko Willis and Pali Jae Lee)
The content of this book has been gleaned from written historical records and books, Hawaiian oral traditions, and my own experiences. I am not a Hawaiian by birth, nor am I a Ha'ole ( foreigner, real meaning being "an individual without the breath of life ) who is or has ever claimed or pretended to be Hawaiian. My interest and love of these islands dates back to my early childhood, when my parents would take yearly vacations to Hawaii, leaving us kids behind!
When I was 12 years old, I pestered my parents so much prior to their next trip, which was to Maui, that they took my brother and I along with them. It was a week of wonder; I loved the warm moist air that caressed my skin in the bright tropical sunlight, the fluttering sound of the wind rustling through the palm fronds high above my head, and the intense and varied shades and hues of blue that make up the ocean (kai), and greens that carpet the land ('aina.)
The ocean was warm to the touch, and for a kid who was afraid of swimming and had almost drowned three times earlier in his life, the water there welcomed and held me up, like a loving grandmother. But what interested me most, was the people who had originally populated this paradise on earth. Where had they come from, and why was it so hard to find a book that described, in detail, who they were, and how had they lived prior to the coming of the white man? Any book that I found, on this trip and for many years afterward, would have perhaps 5 pages, in the introduction, about the early Hawaiians, and the rest would all be about Captain Cook ( the discoverer
of Hawaii ),missionaries, plantations and pineapples!
My next trip there was when I was 26; my father was gravely ill from advanced cancer, and so my mother decided that the best thing for him was to spend a month in Hawaii, this time at Waikiki, to see if it would help to ease him. She needed someone to accompany them, as my father was very weak from radiation treatments
, chemo-therapy,
etc. My sister Diana and I were the fortunate ones chosen. My father had always been a very active and strong swimmer; when he was in his 50's ( he was 60 on this trip ) he used to swim every day in the ocean near our house on the west coast of Canada. Summertime is of course the warmest time of year, but as autumn began to creep in he continued his daily swimming ritual, and as winter approached he kept at it, including Christmas and New Year’s Day!
Over the course of the month his health improved tremendously; during the first few days my sister and I would assist him down to the beach in his wheelchair, and support him on, either side, like human crutches, as he made his way into the water. By the end of the month, he could walk by himself!
Unfortunately, he passed away prior to our next trip, a year later, which involved all four of us children ( my sister Vicki and her husband Rob, and my brother Bruce and his girlfriend also came along.) As my Mother had already booked plane tickets for her and my Dad, and had put a deposit down on a condo in Waikiki, she thought the whole family going would be a good way to recover from our Dad's passing, which it did. Our family doctor ( and good friend ) Jim Buchan even came along!
My parents had first visited Hawaii prior to the tourist mega-boom era which persists to this day. In the early 1950s, they went, along with my grandparents and their 3 other children and spouses to Waikiki ( which means wai= fresh water, and kiki= to spout, so place of the spouting waters, or in other words, a swamp or wetland.) At that time, the only major hotel at Waikiki was the pink coloured Royal Hawaiian, which still exists. The only other accommodations there were literally grass shacks! My mother recounts that the native people, at that time, were very warm and inviting, and welcomed my Mother and other family members to sit with them, in the cool of the evening, and sing Hawaiian songs while the native people played ukuleles ( uku=flea and lele=leaping or flying.)
As the years moved on in my life, Hawaii became my favourite place to visit, because I always found it to be a warm, inviting, and curative place. When I was 34, I decided to spend 3 months of the winter on Maui; luckily, my sister Diana was living there, with my then brother in law Denny. They let me stay with them, in a small apartment attached to their house, and would occasionally lend me one of their vehicles.
After a while, I got it into my head that I wanted to do a vision quest
of sorts. As I had still over the years not been able to find a good book about pre-contact Hawaii and was in a difficult point in my life, I thought that a four day vision quest might clear my head, and open something up inside me that would let me re-awaken
somehow.
I asked Denny if he knew of someone who could take me to the island of Kaho'olawe; a desolate place off of Maui which was devoid of any human population. The reason why it was unpopulated is because the majority of the native population had been wiped out by foreign diseases soon after contact, and the remainder had been re-settled on the larger islands. Then it was turned into pasture land by white settlers; the goats that they introduced denuded almost all of the vegetation. After this, it was used by the United States military as a munitions testing area, further damaging the few plants that remained, and displacing rocks, soil, and damaging ancient Hawaiian dwellings and sacred sites with frequent aerial bombardments and bomb detonations.
Denny told me that I was crazy; Kaho'olawe was strictly off limits; it was illegal to approach it, and there were thousands of un-exploded ordinance littered all over the 'aina ( land. )
Explosion by United States Military on Kaho’olawe Island.
So, I decided instead to hike the King's trail; an ancient pre-contact route that hugged the coastline, from La Perouse Bay, near Wailea ( south of the tourist area Kihei ) around the southern tip of Maui to Kaupo; a distance of some 35 miles. I figured that if I left early in the morning, I would make it to Kaupo by the next day, hike up to the highway, and catch a ride back to my sister's house. What a nut I was, but Spirit was guiding me Denny dropped me off in the morning, and off I went; with 2 liters of water, no food, and no bedding! The trail is very rough; it is made of very coarse dark lava which shreds shoes. As I walked along the trail,