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    Islam For Beginners
    Islam For Beginners
    Islam For Beginners
    Ebook268 pages1 hour

    Islam For Beginners

    By N.I. Matar and H. N. Haddad

    3.5/5

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    About this ebook

    Five times a day, close to a billion people turn to the Ka’aba in submission to Allah/God. In the seventeenth century the religion of Islam was revealed to the prophet Mohammad through the Holy Koran. Since then, Islam has spread to every center of the world.

    Starting with the life of the prophet Mohammed, Islam For Beginners details the historic beginnings of Islam and its spread throughout the Middle East and Africa on to the European and American continents. It describes the major achievements of the Muslim community worldwide and examines the influence Islam has had on other cultures. In keeping with Islamic tradition, the illustrations in the book are rendered in two-dimensional silhouettes and shadows and include the repetitive, extendible patterns representative of Islamic expression.  
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherFor Beginners
    Release dateAug 21, 2007
    ISBN9781939994103
    Islam For Beginners

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    3.5/5

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    • 3/5
      There's an inbalance between the coverage of the basic elements of Islam, the growth of the Islamic Empire over the centuries on one hand and the complex situation of Islam from the end of WWI until the end of the colonial era on the other hand. I would have left that last part out. That's beyond the beginner part. For the rest it is a very clear introduction on what Islam is all about.
    • 3/5
      Nice quick read with some interesting facts and starting points for further study.

    Book preview

    Islam For Beginners - N.I. Matar

    REVELATION

    Al-Fatiha

    (The Opening)

    "In the name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.

    Praise belongs to God, the Lord of all Being,

    the All-merciful, the All-compassionate,

    the Master of the Day of Doom.

    Thee only we serve; to Thee alone we pray for succor.

    Guide us in the straight path,

    the path of those whom Thou hast blessed,

    not of those against whom Thou art wrathful

    nor of those who are astray."

    Koran 1: 1-7

    The above verses constitute the first chapter of the Koran and are the most widely invoked words in the world of Islam.

    Arabia and the Beginnings of Islam

    Mecca was a trading center.

    It was also a cultural center.

    THE ARAB PEOPLE HAD A PASSION FOR POETRY.

    Once a year, nomad poets gathered in the market town of ‘Ukaz, east of the city, to recite their verse.

    Most importantly, it was a religious center.

    The Ka'aba was a house of Gods.

    Once a year, Arab tribes went there on pilgrimage.

    In Mecca stood the Ka'aba, a wooden structure encasing a circular black stone. Inside and around it were 360 deities brought by pilgrims from across the peninsula.

    Those deities originated in Graeco-Roman mythology and most of them were female.

    Manat was one of the oldest goddesses and was believed to control human fortune.

    Al-Lat was the sun deity and was widely popular. Her name meant The Goddess.

    Al-Uzza, the Mighty One, was favored by the Meccans, along with the Goddess Hubal, the tutelary goddess of the Ka'aba. The worship of these deities involved animal sacrifice.

    There were, however, followers of monotheism in Mecca, as in the rest of Arabia.

    There were Jews who were well-established in Yathrib, a rival city to Mecca. Their chief tribes lived both within the city and in Khaybar, north of it. The Jews were part of the custom, language and nomenclature of Arabia.

    So were the Christians who inhabited Damascus and Hira in the north of the peninsula, Najran in the south and to a lesser extent, the Hijaz area. Christians were either Monophysites (Christ has one divine nature) or Nestorians (Christ is man born God). Both groups were persecuted by the Byzantine church and in the next century supported Islam because it offered them toleration.

    There were also al-Hanafiyyeen, followers of the monotheism of the patriarch Abraham (Ibrahim). Ibrahim al-Khaleel, the friend of God, professed faith in one universal God and in celebration, built, with his son Ishmael, the Ka'aba, the Holy Sanctuary. But after his death, polytheists turned it into a place of idols.

    Kuraish was one of the Meccan tribes profiting from the pilgrims to the Ka'aba. The Kuraishltes were dominant in Mecca’s plutocracy and were unrivalled merchants in Western Arabia.

    In 570 A.D., Abraha al-Ashram, the King of Yemen, attacked Mecca because the city was competing for trade with his capital Sana'a. He used an elephant transported from Abyssinia which frightened the Meccans who had never seen such an animal in warfare.

    But God struck the invaders with flocks of birds and destroyed them.

    That year was named by the Meccans YEAR OF THE ELEPHANT.

    In August of that year, a boy was born in Mecca and given the name Mohammad (praiser), an uncommon name at the time. His father, Abdallah, a Kuraishite of the clan of Hashem, had recently died. The child’s mother was called Amina and she too died a few years later.

    Little is known about Mohammad in His early manhood except that He participated in Meccan politics and helped in the rebuilding of the Ka'aba after it was destroyed by a flood. At the age of 25, He married Khadija, a rich Kuraishite widow, and prospered as a trader between Damascus, Busra, Mecca and Yemen.

    Throughout His life, Mohammad had the title of Abul Qassim, Father of Qassim, His first son.

    The Koran, the Holy Text of Islam

    Before His fortieth year, Mohammad had often secluded Himself in meditation. In Ramadan (July) 610 C.E., as He sat in a cave in Mount Hira', two miles north of Mecca, Allah (the name of God in Arabic) revealed His words to Mohammad through the Angel Gabriel.

    That night of revelation is known as the Night of Glory.

    These are the first words that were revealed to Him. Mohammad was an unlettered Prophet , and what He recited were the wondrous verses of God (ayat ul-Lah), not man-made words.

    "In the name of God, the Compassionate, the Merciful, Recite in the name of your Lord who created Created

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