Now You Know Extreme Weather: The Little Book of Answers
By Doug Lennox
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About this ebook
"When it rains, it pours," especially when it comes to best-selling author Doug Lennox’s Now You Know Extreme Weather. Global warming, killer hurricanes, murderous tornadoes, melting permafrost – weather concerns us all, and now with this tightly packed compenium of questions and answers, everyone can get the lowdown on things like:
What makes a perfect storm perfect?
Where’s the world’s hottest place?
Why was Hurricane Katrina so destructive?
Doug Lennox
Doug Lennox was an internationally acclaimed broadcaster, a veteran character actor, a commercial voice artist, and a bestselling author. He has appeared in more than 60 films and television features, including X-Men, Police Academy, Lonesome Dove, and Against the Ropes, and shared screen time with Meg Ryan, Hugh Jackman, Burt Reynolds, Holly Hunter, Eric McCormack, Gary Oldman, and a myriad of others.
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Now You Know Extreme Weather - Doug Lennox
Miscellany
PREFACE
Weather has been surprising us with its violence, intensity, and beauty since humans first walked the planet. These pages are chock full of examples of weather events that have tested us to our limits and beyond. Questions about changes to long-term weather — the global climate — are addressed as well, because it may be gearing up to take us on a ride into extremes of weather we never dreamed of before.
Many enticing bits of information have been packed into the answers to these questions. I hope they will entertain, intrigue, and motivate you as they have done me.
COLD
What was happening when the highest air pressure record was set?
Tonsontsengel, Mongolia, was in the grip of -40°F (-40°C) temperatures when it dethroned Agata, Siberia, with a barometric reading of 1085.7 millibars, or 32.06 inches (81.4 centimetres) of mercury, on December 19, 2001. Agata’s reading of 1083 millibars was also set in bitter cold.
What is the coldest temperature ever recorded in Canada once windchill was taken into account?
This controversial measurement, first developed in 1939, gave Pelly Bay, Nunavut, a reading of -133.6°F (-92°C) on January 13, 1975, when -60°F (-51°C) temperatures combined with 35-mile-per-hour (56-kilometre-per-hour) winds. Recent changes to how windchill is calculated raise this temperature considerably, to -106.6°F (-77°C).
The most extreme windchill readings are found in Antarctica.
Where was the world’s fastest temperature drop recorded?
In Rapid City, South Dakota, the temperature fell from 62°F (16.5°C) to -13°F (-25°C) in two hours on January 10, 1911.
How does altitude make a difference?
Flagstaff, Arizona, gateway to the Grand Canyon, and only 146 miles (234 kilometres) from the almost snow-free desert city of Phoenix (it received a dusting in 1990), can accumulate more than 200 inches (508 centimetres) of snow in a season because it is 7,000 feet (2,130 metres) above sea level.
What was the world’s coldest year?
In 1600, a 16,000-foot (4,850-metre) Peruvian mountain erupted with great force. Called Huaynaputina, meaning new volcano
in Quechua, an Incan language, the volcano spewed dust for hundreds of miles and mudflows travelled 75 miles (120 kilometres) to the Pacific Ocean. Ash made it into the stratosphere and spread across the northern hemisphere, helping to make 1601 the coldest year ever measured.
The next coldest year was also caused by a volcano. In 1815, Mount Tambora, a volcano in the seismically active Indonesian island chain, registered the largest eruption in more than 1,600 years and brought on 1816’s year without a summer. The eruption was said to have killed 92,000 people near the volcano. An estimated 100,000 people died in Europe because the unseasonably cold weather killed crops, bringing on famine.
How much of the Mississippi River has ever frozen in wintertime?
In 1784, the Mississippi froze its full length, right past New Orleans, and ice made it to the Gulf of Mexico. Ice chunks reached New Orleans in 1899, though the freeze stopped at Cairo, Illinois, where the Ohio River joins the Mississippi and doubles its volume.
The long, cold winter of 1784 followed an eruption of the Laki volcano in Iceland in 1783.
Where is the world’s coldest place?
The lowest temperature ever recorded in the world was -128.6°F (-89.2°C) at Vostok, Antarctica, in 1983. The Russian research station, located at the southern geomagnetic pole and near the Southern Pole of Inaccessibility — which is as far away from anywhere else as you can possibly get — has thirty inhabitants during the summer, and half that in the winter.
Vostok had its warmest summer day a year earlier, when temperatures soared to a bone-chilling -2.2°F (-19°C). Average winter temperatures hover in the -85°F (-65°C) range. In the summer they rise to -22°F (-30°C).
Vostok is colder than the South Pole, 600 miles (965 kilometres) away, because it is at a higher altitude — 11,220 feet (3,420 metres) instead of 9,000 feet (2,743 metres).
Where was the coldest temperature in Canada recorded?
A temperature so low it exceeded the range of the thermometers on hand was registered at Snag, Yukon, on February 3, 1947. That day the temperature fell to at least -81.4°F (-63°C).
Snag was established during the Second World War as a site for an emergency airstrip used when aircraft were being ferried to Siberia to help the Soviet Union