The Vietnam War: An Interactive Modern History Adventure
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About this ebook
Michael Burgan
Michael Burgan has written numerous books for children and young adults during his nearly 20 years as a freelance writer. Many of his books have focused on U.S. history, geography, and the lives of world leaders. Michael has won several awards for his writing, and his graphic novel version of the classic tale Frankenstein (Stone Arch Books) was a Junior Library Guild selection. Michael graduated from the University of Connecticut with a bachelor’s degree in history. He lives in Santa Fe, New Mexico, with his cat, Callie.
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The Vietnam War - Michael Burgan
Bibliography
ABOUT YOUR
ADVENTURE
YOU are living through one of the worst wars in U.S. history. The center of the conflict is in Vietnam, but fighting also takes place in the neighboring countries of Laos and Cambodia.
In this book you’ll explore how the choices people made meant the difference between life and death. The events you’ll experience happened to real people.
Chapter One sets the scene. Then you choose which path to read. Follow the links at the bottom of each page. After you finish one path, go back and read the others. Use your device’s back buttons or page navigation to jump back to your last choice. Then try a different link for a new adventure.
YOU CHOOSE the path you take through history.
For the best You Choose experience,
view in portrait (vertical) orientation.
CHAPTER 1
War in Vietnam
Vietnam was once part of a colony of France called Indochina. Vietnam declared independence in 1945, with Ho Chi Minh as its leader. But the French wouldn’t give up their colony. In 1946 a war began that lasted until 1954. The Vietnamese won the war and their independence.
The United States supported France against Vietnam. After World War II (1939–1945) the Cold War had begun, as the United States and the Soviet Union competed for power. The Soviets wanted to spread communism around the world. Americans wanted to stop the spread of communism because it denied people’s political and economic freedom. Ho Chi Minh wanted Vietnam to be a Communist country.
Ho Chi Minh became leader of North Vietnam after World War II.
When the war with France ended, Vietnam was split. Ho’s Communist government controlled the north, while a government friendly to the United States controlled the south. The U.S. government wanted to keep South Vietnam out of Communist hands.
North Vietnam supported the National Liberation Front (NLF), a political group in the south. The NLF’s military wing was called the Viet Cong. The NLF wanted to unite the country under Ho. In 1959 the Viet Cong launched a war against South Vietnam.
Meanwhile, the United States had been supporting South Vietnam since it was formed in 1954. The U.S. provided money and military training. By 1963 about 16,000 military troops were there acting as advisers to the South Vietnamese military in its fight against the Viet Cong.
President Lyndon Johnson sent the first American ground combat forces to South Vietnam in 1965. Within three years the number had increased to 536,000. By then North Vietnamese troops were actively working with the Viet Cong to fight the Americans and the South Vietnamese. Meanwhile, the Soviet Union and the Communist nation of China sent billions of dollars in aid and weapons to North Vietnam.
For Americans, the Vietnam War presented several challenges. TV crews went to the battlefield. Some Americans were shocked to see the violence of the war on TV.
Some people began to protest what they saw as an immoral war. Others supported the country’s military role in Vietnam, believing in the need to fight communism.
Many young people fought and died on all sides in the Vietnam War. You will have to decide whether to take part in