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    Amazing Scientists: B1
    Amazing Scientists: B1
    Amazing Scientists: B1
    Ebook112 pages1 hour

    Amazing Scientists: B1

    By HarperCollins UK

    4.5/5

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    About this ebook

    The inspiring stories of 6 people who changed history.

    Contents:
    Antoine Lavoisier who wrote the first modern chemistry textbook
    Humphry Davy who discovered ‘laughing gas’
    Charles Darwin who changed people’s ideas with his theory of evolution
    Gregor Mendel who first discovered the science of genetics
    Louis Pasteur who saved millions of lives by killing germs
    Francis Crick who helped to discover the structure of DNA

    BRITISH ENGLISH
    Word count: 13.021
    Headword count: 1,064

    Visit www.collinselt.com/readers for videos, teacher resources and self-study materials.

    This book is Level 3 in the Collins ELT Readers series.
    Level 3 is equivalent to CEF level B1.

    About the Amazing People series:
    A unique opportunity for learners of English to read about the exceptional lives and incredible abilities of some of the most insightful people the world has seen.

    Each book contains six short stories, told by the characters themselves, as if in their own words. The stories explain the most significant parts of each character’s life, giving an insight into how they came to be such an important historic figure.

    After each story, a timeline presents the most major events in their life in a clear and succinct fashion. The timeline is ideal for checking comprehension or as a basis for project work or further research.

    Created in association with The Amazing People Club.

    About Collins ELT Readers:
    Collins ELT Readers are divided into four levels:
    Level 1 – elementary (A2)
    Level 2 – pre-intermediate (A2–B1)
    Level 3 – intermediate (B1)
    Level 4 – upper intermediate (B2)
    Each level is carefully graded to ensure that the learner both enjoys and benefits from their reading experience.

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherHarperCollins UK
    Release dateJul 11, 2014
    ISBN9780007557073
    Amazing Scientists: B1

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      Book preview

      Amazing Scientists - HarperCollins UK

         CONTENTS   

      Cover

      Title Page

      Introduction

      The Grading Scheme

      Antoine Lavoisier

      Humphry Davy

      Charles Darwin

      Gregor Mendel

      Louis Pasteur

      Francis Crick

      Glossary

      Keep Reading

      Copyright

      About the Publisher

         INTRODUCTION   

      Collins Amazing People Readers are collections of short stories. Each book presents the life story of five or six people whose lives and achievements have made a difference to our world today. The stories are carefully graded to ensure that you, the reader, will both enjoy and benefit from your reading experience.

      You can choose to enjoy the book from start to finish or to dip into your favourite story straight away. Each story is entirely independent.

      After every story a short timeline brings together the most important events in each person’s life into one short report. The timeline is a useful tool for revision purposes.

      Words which are above the required reading level are underlined the first time they appear in each story. All underlined words are defined in the glossary at the back of the book. Levels 1 and 2 take their definitions from the Collins COBUILD Essential English Dictionary and levels 3 and 4 from the Collins COBUILD Advanced English Dictionary.

      To support both teachers and learners, additional materials are available online at www.collinselt.com/readers.

      The Amazing People Club®

      Collins Amazing People Readers are adaptations of original texts published by The Amazing People Club. The Amazing People Club is an educational publishing house. It was founded in 2006 by educational psychologist and management leader Dr Charles Margerison and publishes books, eBooks, audio books, iBooks and video content, which bring readers ‘face to face’ with many of the world’s most inspiring and influential characters from the fields of art, science, music, politics, medicine and business.

         THE GRADING SCHEME   

      The Collins COBUILD Grading Scheme has been created using the most up-to-date language usage information available today. Each level is guided by a brand new comprehensive grammar and vocabulary framework, ensuring that the series will perfectly match readers’ abilities.

      For more information on the Collins COBUILD Grading Scheme, including a full list of the grammar structures found at each level, go to www.collinselt.com/readers/gradingscheme.

      Also available online: Make sure that you are reading at the right level by checking your level on our website (www.collinselt.com/readers/levelcheck).

      Antoine Lavoisier

      1743–1794

      the man who wrote the first modern chemistry textbook

      I was a French scientist, who people call the founder of modern chemistry. With my wife’s help, I wrote the first modern textbook on chemistry. I discovered what water consists of. I died on the guillotine in the French Revolution.

      I was born in Paris on 26th August 1743 into a family of rich aristocrats. When I was only 5 years old, my mother died, and left me a lot of money. From the age of 11, I went to a very good school, the Collège des Quatre-Nations (also known as the Collège Mazarin), where I studied chemistry, mathematics, astronomy and botany. My father was a lawyer, so my family expected that I’d follow the same profession. But although I studied law, I didn’t want to be a lawyer. I was much more interested in science.

      In 1766, I wrote an essay with a plan for lighting the streets of Paris. I felt very proud when I received a gold medal from King Louis XV for my essay. I also studied geology, the science of the study of rocks. In 1767, I worked with a team of geologists on a study of the rocks of Alsace-Lorraine.

      In 1768, when I was 25, I was elected to the Academy of Sciences, the most important organization for scientists in France. In the same year, I started working in the administration of the Ferme Générale, a private company that collected taxes for the king. The Ferme Générale was hated by the poor peasants of France. Many of the people who collected taxes for the Ferme Générale were very rich, but they didn’t earn their money in an honest way. They gave some of the tax money they collected to the King, but they also kept a lot of money for themselves.

      I knew this was wrong, and I tried to help the poor peasants. But I’d no idea that one day I’d die because I’d worked for the Ferme Générale.

      I was very surprised when one of my work colleagues, an older man called Jacques Paulze, asked me if he could talk to me about his daughter, Marie-Anne. He told me that she lived in a convent. However, a rich and powerful aristocrat called

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