L.A.S.: A Practical Conversation Course, Vol. 1 eBook
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L.A.S. - Lakota Language Consortium
Consortium
DVD Table of Content
The bold numbers correspond to Unit numbers.
How to use this material
1 Introductory vocabulary
2 Yes and no questions, yes and no answers (I)
3 Yes and no questions (II)
4 Šúŋka kiŋ sápa he?
5 Šúŋka kiŋ sápa he? – Review
6 Vocabulary review
7 Pronunciation I: Lakota oral vowels
8 Common greetings
9 Expressing gratitude
10 Clothes vocabulary
11 lé, hé, ká (Singular demonstrative pronouns)
12 Pronunciation II: Lakota nasal vowels (aŋ, iŋ, uŋ)
13 lenáuŋs, henáuŋs, kanáuŋs (dual demonstrative pronouns)
14 Pronunciation III. Word stress
15 Word stress - practice
16 Some kitchen vocabulary
17 lená, hená, kaná (Plural demonstrative pronouns)
18 Pronunciation IV: Unaspirated stops (k, p, t)
19 Introducing the article kiŋ
20 Pronunciation V: The Lakota letter ȟ [ȟé] – h with a wedge
21 Kiŋ with lená and introduction to reduplication of stative verbs
22 Reduplication of stative verbs
23 Review of reduplication and of šni
24 Ablaut at the end of a sentence
25 Ablaut before šni
26 Ablaut before ȟčA
27 Non-ablaut verbs
28 3rd person singular
29 3rd singular verbs in sentences
30 3rd person plural (animate)
31 3rd plural verbs in sentences
32 Animate plural (-pi) and inanimate plural (reduplication)
33 Pronunciation VI: kȟ [kȟa], pȟ [pȟa], tȟ [tȟa] (velarized stops)
34 A brief note about time and tense
35 Age categories (vocabulary)
36 Review of 3rd singular and 3rd plural
37 Suffix –pi in questions
38 Suffix –pi with šni
39 Pronunciation VII: kh [khi], ph [phi], th [thi] (aspirated stops)
40 1st person singular of I
in Class I verbs
41 2nd person singular or you
in Class I verbs
42 2nd person singular and 1st person singular in Class I verbs
43 Some common Class I verbs and their conjugation
44 What is your name? What is his name? What are their names?
45 Asking how to say something in Lakota.
46 Kinship IA: The nuclear family (What is your mother’s name?)
47 The nuclear family - review
48 Review of some common Class I verbs.
49 What is your mother’s name?
50 Where are you from?
51 Kinship IB: suffix -yA with kinship terms
52 Suffix -yA with kinship terms - review and addition
53 Kinship I C: atéwaye kiŋ
54 Kinship I D: uŋčíwaya waŋ
55 Pronunciation VIII: The Lakota sound ǧ
56 Object and unmarked object
57 3rd singular verbs with an object
58 The boy saw the girl (Subject – object word order)
59 Who heard whom? (subject/object ambiguity)
60 I
in Class II verbs
61 You
in Class II verbs
62 I
and you
in Class II verbs
63 waŋ and waŋží (indefinite articles)
64 Waŋží and waŋžíni (indefinite articles)
65 waŋ, waŋží and waŋžíni (overview of indefinite articles)
66 When did you come? (hí, híŋhaŋni, haŋhépi, ȟtálehaŋ, aŋpéhaŋ)
67 When did you come back? (glí)
68 Vocabulary review
69 Are you going to dance? (The word ktA)70-70 Ablaut words before ktA (iŋ ablaut)
71 Tomorrow, later today, tonight, (when
in the future)
72 Híŋhaŋni and Híŋhaŋni kiŋháŋ (In the morning and tomorrow)
73 Tóhaŋ and toháŋl
74 Pronunciation: IX: č vs čh
75 I
in Class III verbs
76 You
in Class III verbs
77 Ečhúŋ, léčhuŋ, héčhuŋ
78 The affix wičha
79 The affix wičhá- with affixes for I
and you
80 Pronunciation X.: Glottal stop: č’, k’, p’, t’, ȟ’, s’, š’
81 You and I (1st dual)
82 Will you dance with me?
(short dialogues with the 1st dual)
83 Affix uŋ- (1st dual) before vowels
84 1st dual in conversations
85 Review of verb conjugation
86 We (1st plural)
87 We (1st plural) in conversations
88 You singular and you plural (2nd singular and 2nd plural)
89 You singular and you plural
90 Cardinal numbers from 1 to 10
91 Cardinal numbers with the suffix -la
92 Cardinal numbers as verbs
93 Cardinal numbers II. (reduplication)
94 Talking about the weather
95 Four seasons
96 Talking about seasons I. (čháŋna, recurring/habitual events)
97 Talking about seasons II. (last summer, blokétu k’uŋ héhaŋ)
98 Talking about seasons III. (last summer, blokéhaŋ)
99 Talking about seasons IV. (non-specific past, eháŋtu and eháŋ)
100 Talking about seasons V. (specific past indefinite event)
101 Talking about seasons VI. (specific event in the future)
102 Talking about seasons VII. (hypothetical event in the future)
103 Talking about seasons VIII. (the following winter, íwaniyetu)
104 Talking about seasons IX. (overview and review)
105 When do you usually go to bed? (toháŋtu čháŋna šna)
106 Giving commands with yo and ye
107 Giving commands with wo and we
108 Giving negative commands to one person
109 Giving negative commands to more than one person
110 Negative commands to one person and to more people
111 Giving commands to more than one person (positive)
112 Review of plural command - positive and negative
113 Command with na
114 Giving commands, summary and overview
115 Some commands used at school
116 Talking about getting dressed
117 The verb iglúzA
118 Táku and táku čha
119 ma- (1st singular object)
120 ni- (2nd person object)
121 ni- before k (plus a review of ma- and ni-)
122 ma- with commands
123 Review of object affixes
124 He came the following day.
125 Waŋží and etáŋ (intro to plural indefinite articles)
126 waŋ and eyá
127 etáŋ and eyá
128 Tuwéni
129 Tákuni
130 Introduction to possessive verbs
131 Introduction to reflexive verbs
Glossary
How to use this material
Who is this material for?
This is the first volume of Lakota Audio Series. It is designed primarily for beginner learners, but it will be useful to all students of Lakota who haven’t previously learned from an audio based material or who haven’t had a chance to learn from a structured and sequenced learning material.
How many units and when?
We recommend that you listen to 1 or 2 new units every day.
If most of the material is new to you we don’t recommend listening to more than 2 units a day. As you gain more confidence, you can listen to more new units a day, but it is always advisable to use manageable learning portions.
Before starting a new unit always review the units you learned during the previous learning session.
If you listen to new units in the morning, you can review them in the evening or the next day.
If you listen to new units in the afternoon or evening, review them the following day.
Do your best to have a learning session every day or at least five times a week. If you have a learning session only once or twice a week you will not achieve much, even if you spend half a day learning. By listening to 2 new activities and reviewing 2 previous activities, you will spend an average 20-30 minutes of learning every day.
It is useful to review the previous material once in a week or two. When reviewing, you can listen to as many units as you find comfortable.
How to listen?
Listen to the English sentence and its Lakota translation. Repeat the Lakota translation aloud! Repeating aloud is one of the most important aspects of this learning method. If the Lakota sentence is repeated, then you too should say it twice.
If you are listening to an activity for the first time, don’t try to guess or anticipate the Lakota sentences before you hear them.
If you are reviewing or listening to a review activity, always try to say the Lakota sentences before you hear them from the native speaker. If you didn’t say a sentence correctly, repeat it aloud after the native speaker.
What is the content of activities?
Every activity introduces one or two patterns (sentence patterns, conjugation patterns, word usages or other types of patterns).
Each