Arise and Shine: Women in the Family, the Church, and the Community
By Mulu Deboch
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Arise and Shine - Mulu Deboch
Testimony
Foreword
This book tells of the great role women could play in the home, church, and community. The author makes a survey of negative stereotypes about women, according to which a woman is a creature who has stopped short of reaching the level of a man’s maturity and perfection.
She goes on to offer a correction from a biblical perspective, arguing instead that women are the pillars of society. She certainly is not a feminist and is of the view that though there are passages in the Bible that indicate a man is the head of the family, this in no way diminishes the truth that women have a legitimate and indispensable role to play in the family, church, and community.
It is my firm belief that this book, which presents, albeit briefly, the lives of the great women in the Bible and Christian history—such as St. Mary and Kathryn Kuhlman—will be of great service to women who are seeking inspiring models in their lives and ministries. Pay heed to the message conveyed by the author, who should receive a sympathetic hearing. I strongly recommend Mrs. Mulu Deboch for her significant contribution to the cause of women.
– Girmawi Bushu
Christian Writer and Translator
Acknowledgments
This work is the result of many men and women for whom I am grateful. First and foremost, I have a special thanks and credit to our father God, who has helped and blessed me with the wisdom to write this book.
I also want to thank Sister Naaode Wilson for her grateful advice and support. I feel a deep sense of gratitude to Jemanesh Hailemichael and Wondimagegn Mulugeta, who gave of their precious time for the achievement of this effort.
Finally, I want to encourage all my readers to buy this book in support of the All Nations Church Ministry.
Introduction
It goes without saying that those in the professions of art and literature have to exert great effort to improve their skills, and thus contribute to the growth of their profession. The sportsman has to exercise regularly, otherwise his body will become lax and unfit for performance, and eventually he may come to lose his skill. Actors, singers, painters, and sculptors can achieve a height of excellence only if they continually and tirelessly hone their craft.
There are many women whose diligence and exemplary lives have been recorded in history. By dedicating their lives to noble causes and making great sacrifices, many women left the world a better place in religious, political, and social realms. Their achievements shine like stars in a dark night.
In this small volume, I have tried to present a case for the positive role woman can play in the family, the church, and society at large. I have also written about some of the great women of history and the Bible, women who could serve as inspiration for us today.
– M. Deboch
All the women who were gifted artisans spun yarn with their hands, and brought what they had spun, of blue, purple, and scarlet, and
fine linen.
Exodus 35:25
A fountain of gardens, a well of living waters, and streams from Lebanon.
Song of Songs 4:15
Chapter One
Negative Stereotypes about Women
Negative stereotypes regarding women usually focus around their perceived incapacities and weaknesses. These stereotypes are so pervasive and ingrained that people across all walks of life, from the humble farmer to the most highly-educated corporate executive, tend to entertain these views.
For instance, one of the great philosophers of the ancient world, Plato, who believed the soul is imprisoned in the body and released the only to be incarnated, went on to suggest that a bad man’s fate would be reincarnation as a woman. So this great thinker, who ought to have known better, tells us that being born a woman was a punishment meted out to sinners.
Aristotle on his part said, Women are imperfect males.
Josephus expressed his opinion that the woman is inferior to man in every way.
William Barclay sums up the low view of women expressed in the Talmud in these words, In Jewish form of morning prayer… Jewish man every morning gave thanks that God had not made him a Gentile, a slave or a woman.
… In Jewish law, a woman was not a person, but a thing. She had no legal rights whatsoever; she was absolutely in her husband’s possession to do with as he willed."
[1]
Even the great African theologian Tertullian, who played a great role in the shaping of the doctrine of the Trinity, had these harsh words for woman, "You are the devil’s gateway. You are the unsealer of that (forbidden) tree; you are the first deserter of the divine law; you are she who persuaded him whom the devil was not valiant enough to attack. You destroyed so easily God’s image, man. On account of your desert—that is death—even the son of God had to die.
[2]
Dr. Wilber O’Donovan has this to say about the two extreme views prevalent in the West, and in Africa:
There is a strong movement in the West today to encourage women to do everything that men do, including participating in the army as combat soldiers. There are strong political organizations, such as the National Organization of Women (NOW) in America which promote legislation to give women access to all areas of private and public life, especially those formerly dominated by men. Some of the women most active in this movement have been referred to as feminists. This label describes the desire of these women to have equality with men in all areas of life and their refusal to be dominated by men in any situation, including the home.
The other extreme viewpoint is found in many parts of Africa and in other non-Western cultures. In some of these cultures, women are regarded as being of less value than certain forms of property, such as cattle. In other cultures, women are treated by men in the same way as children are treated. In still others, women are regarded as the slaves of men. Dr. Danfulani Kore, the former principal of Jos ECWA Theological Seminary, carried out six years of research with three ethnic groups in Nigeria in order to explore the prevailing attitudes on a wide range of issues concerning marriage and male-female relationships. What Dr. Kore discovered was not encouraging to most women in Africa.
Dr. Kore writes, The study indicates that all 34 tribes have a very high concept of man. He is regarded by many ethnic groups as a king, boss, and even as a semi god.
In contrast to this, Dr. Kore found that the majority of the respondents indicated that the concept of women is quite inferior. She is looked upon as the object of sexual satisfaction for man… Some husbands view them as incomplete human beings. Even some religions consider women as inferior to men. There is much to be desired from the biblical point of view regarding the image of women in most Nigeria.
[3]
Ethiopian women constitute 49% of the population and they disproportionately bear the burden of poverty resulting from the stereotypical gender divisions of labour. They also lack access and control over resources. These attitudes are prescribed by culture and tradition. The lack of access and control over improved technologies decreases their opportunity for income generation.
Ethiopian women suffer from violence of various kinds, which is linked with socio-cultural roots. The laws are so entrenched at the grassroots level that overcoming the negative effects of customary practices against women requires tremendous effort. The fact that women are not well-informed about their rights under the law further contributes to their being victims of violence. The family arbitration system, used in settling intra-household disputes, is conducted mainly by older men who want to maintain the subordinate position of women.
Providing access to education for women is likely to contribute significantly to improvement in the socio-economic status of individuals and communities. Female education, at a minimum, primary level, is related to lower procreation and improved infant and child health. Moreover, mothers who have been educated are more likely to have the desire to educate their children.
A 1995 study focusing on female participation and performance in school found that half of the parents surveyed preferred to send their sons rather than their daughters to school. The main reasons mentioned by teachers for having fewer girls attending school included household chores and income-generating activities. Also, many parents