Gilroy
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About this ebook
Claudia Salewske
Author Claudia Salewske is a member of the Gilroy Historical Society and a professor at San Jose State University. She is the author of Pieces of the Past: A Story of Gilroy and has recently completed her first young-adult novel. She is a frequent volunteer at the Garlic Festival.
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Gilroy - Claudia Salewske
life.
INTRODUCTION
Ever heard of Gilroy?
"Gilroy? Oh—that place. About half way between Carmel and San Francisco, right? Can be hotter than a pistol in the summer and reeks of garlic. Sure, I know Gilroy."
How about you?
"Gilroy? Of course I know where it is—it’s awesome. I’ve seen it on TV and in all sorts of magazines. Tons of cool factory outlets—and people come from all over the world when have this fabulous Garlic Festival thing every July. Who doesn’t know about Gilroy?"
There’s some truth in all of the above comments, but the essence of Gilroy is far deeper than either response suggests. The Gilroy Garlic Festival celebrated its Silver Jubilee in 2003, and, without a doubt, the global media attention this event showers on the city has enhanced Gilroy’s ’s image. Further, native son Jeff Garcia is often in the national limelight as an NFL quarterback. All of this could make us too big for our britches, but that’s really not the case. Celebrity status hasn’t altered Jeff ’s values. He adheres to principles that prevail in this community as well: work hard, take pride in what you have to offer, remember there’s always room for improvement, and give back to those who made it possible for you to move forward.
Gilroy has a rich and diversified past that is as exciting and worthy of exploration as its present claims to fame. Dating back thousands of years, the Ohlone culture was a tranquil yet highly inventive one. The era of the Spanish and Mexican jurisdictions created deep and lasting Latino influences, which continue to enrich the community. The disillusionment that awaited so many newcomers in the mining camps was frequently dispelled when these individuals found their way to this valley and discovered the wealth of a different nature that it has to offer. They brought with them their languages, their recipes, their sacred traditions, their farming expertise, their knowledge of making music, wine, cheese, beer, and of raising prime livestock. Above all, they exhibited their willingness to share these skills with their neighbors—to create a new life from the old.
Spend some time exploring the kaleidoscopic elements that have been shaping Gilroy in colorful, distinctive ways from its beginnings. Catch our spirit and consider how vital it is for any community to study its past and to maintain a degree of pioneer spirit that welcomes challenges and new ways of expression. Rather than rest on our laurels, may we commit ourselves to bettering life in and around the place that we call home.
—Claudia Salewske-
In sharp contrast to its present-day, bustling state highway status, this vintage postcard depicts the tranquil thoroughfare the Pacheco Pass Road once was. It meandered through the village of San Ysidro and intersected with the El Camino Real—the King’s Highway—some three miles west of this point. The town of Pleasant Valley, which developed near that intersection, incorporated many decades later as Gilroy, California. (Courtesy Jack and Dorothy Sturla.)
One
THE FIRST PEOPLE AND THE RANCHO ERA
It was the Native Americans who formed the first trail between this valley and the vast San Joaquin Valley to the east. Anthropologists estimate the Ohlone, who were given their name meaning people to the west
by central valley tribes, located here at least 5,000 years ago. Ohlone villages stretched from north of San Francisco to Salinas. With no written language, we depend upon the journals and letters of the Spanish explorers and missionaries for specifics. The men prepared for a hunt in a temescal, or sweat house, where the chants sung and stories told summoned the spiritual power for success with their weapons. They donned deer-head masks, which allowed them to move within close range of their quarry. Boats created from tule rushes facilitated navigation of the inland marshlands and ponds. They fished with spears, used clever decoys to lure game birds, and caught small animals in artful snares. (Artwork by Carol Peters.)
Recent research suggests the Ohlone had an organized system of growing, harvesting, and storing food. Villages averaged 250–1,000 inhabitants. Cooking was a communal activity for the women. Acorns and grains were ground with a rough-hewn mortal and pestle, and the flour was rinsed to purge it of its bitterness. Hot rocks were placed in watertight baskets and a kind of soup was made with this flour and additional water. Meats and fish were roasted in underground pit ovens. Scant clothing was common for either sex. The men pierced their noses and ears and wore ornamental shells or bones in those piercings, whereas the women chose to tattoo their chins, and fashion necklaces from abalone and clamshells. The shells were practical as well: as the women gathered food in the tall grasslands the clatter and reflection of the shells scared off rattlesnakes. (Artwork by Carol Peters.)
Records indicate the Ohlone set bones by fabricating casts of bark or appropriately shaped baskets secured with leather straps. Bleeding was controlled with animal-hair compresses, and common ailments such as stomach upsets and colds were treated with roots and herbs. But if severe aches and pains persisted, the Shamans were consulted, and most worked in male-female teams. The man danced and chanted around the victim until he had a vision of the precise location of the ailment. Then, the woman (who was most often a widow), after making a small incision, inserted a bone tube and literally sucked the malignancy from the patient. The ritual was a precise one. This