Salem
By Jerome M. Curley and Nelson L. Dionne
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About this ebook
Salem, Massachusetts, is a little city steeped in history. Known as the Witch City for the Puritan witchcraft trials of 1692, Salem boasts a rich heritage as a major East India seaport. Trading with China made Salem the richest city in America, generating a living architectural history. As Salem developed, it preserved much of its history.
Known as the Witch City for the Puritan witchcraft trials of 1692, Salem boasts a rich heritage as a major East India seaport. Trading with China made Salem the richest city in America, generating a living architectural history. As Salem developed, it preserved much of its history.
Jerome M. Curley
In Salem, Jerome M. Curley and Nelson L. Dionne document the changes to the city and its enduring history and charm.
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Salem - Jerome M. Curley
Curley.
INTRODUCTION
Salem is a small city of approximately 40,000 about 16 miles northeast of Boston. It has a rich history that dates back to 1626 when a group of English colonists left the untenable fishing colony at Cape Ann. Led by Roger Conant, they moved down the coast to a fertile area known as Naumkeag and established a settlement. The few Native Americans in the area were not hostile to the settlers.
They gradually grew into a strong colony of Puritans intent on following their principles and God’s law to the letter. Early on they changed the name Naumkeag to Salem, based on Psalm 70 to mean shalom
or peace.
Salem flourished with more settlers coming to this Puritan enclave where planting, fishing, and trapping were mainstays. By 1638, shipbuilding in Salem had started.
Into this successful settlement came the dark clouds of fear and distrust in 1692 with the witchcraft hysteria and trials. This event has had a profound effect on Salem and marked the city as the Witch City.
Over 100 people were accused of being witches or wizards. When the dust settled and clearer heads prevailed, 20 people had been executed. No matter how many apologies or reparations were made, Salem has been forever marked by this event.
As the settlement grew, more trade and shipbuilding commenced. Salem by the early 1700s was crowded with wharves and shipyards. Like the other colonies, Salem chaffed at the way London ruled the colonies, imposing restrictions and taxes.
There was regular trade between the colonies, England, and the West Indies. As the Salem fleet grew, it was aided by the opportunity presented when England was at war with its European neighbors. Salem merchant traders became privateers, and armed with letters of marque, they seized enemy ships and their cargos as spoils of war, increasing the wealth of Salem.
Leading up to the Declaration of Independence, Salem patriots early on refused to import tea and other taxed goods.
The First Provincial Congress was formed here in defiance of the British government. It was also here that the first armed resistance to British rule took place in what is known as Leslie’s retreat
almost two months before the battles at Lexington and Concord.
During the Revolutionary War, in addition to sending men to fight, Salem did what it did best: privateering. Throughout the war, Salem privateers seized hundreds of tons of British shipping.
With independence, Salem merchants turned their sights on the sea as the future and began a golden age for Salem trading. The local merchant fleet scattered across the seas in search of trade. It was first to trade with Japan and many countries of the Far East, bringing back spices, silks, and curiosities in huge quantities. Fortunes were made, and with those fortunes, mansions and public buildings sprang up throughout