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    Newport
    Newport
    Newport
    Ebook175 pages47 minutes

    Newport

    By Diane Disse, Jodi Weeber, Loretta Harrison and Lincoln County Historical Society

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    About this ebook

    Newport and its surrounding areas are beautiful and bountiful, offering resources for fishing, logging, shipping, and tourism. Today’s community, similar to populations that settled the land in earlier days, is independent, hearty, and versatile. The Yacona, the Native Americans who called Newport home before the arrival of other cultures, lived almost entirely off the land and waterways. Later settlers, while still reliant on natural resources, integrated technology into the growth of their society. As the area matured, the desire to find balance and preserve natural resources grew. Today Newport’s heritage remains strong, and this book serves as a tribute to its history.
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherArcadia Publishing
    Release dateSep 18, 2012
    ISBN9781439640487
    Newport
    Author

    Diane Disse

    This book was written under the auspices of the Lincoln County Historical Society, which generously donated its resources. The authors, who all maintain positions with the society, are Diane Disse, museum educator; Jodi Weeber, museum archivist; and Loretta Harrison, executive director. Together they selected photographs, researched Newport�s history, and wrote this book. The public is invited to use the same resources through the library in the Burrows House Museum in Newport. Educational exhibits and programs also are available through the Burrows House, as well as the Log Cabin Museum.

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    • 3/5
      Interesting, especially if you're into Newport's boat-racing history. I'm not, but the book had some earlier historical stuff I found useful.

    Book preview

    Newport - Diane Disse

    today.

    INTRODUCTION

    The story of Newport, Oregon, is a tale about natural resources and the people who make a living from these natural resources. Early tribal groups lived strictly off the bounty of the river, the bay, and the flora and fauna, moving from area to area to follow the seasons of the harvest. The first recorded landing at Yaquina Bay by outsiders occurred after the Revolutionary War had already begun, when Capt. James Cook anchored offshore with his ships Resolution and Discovery in 1778.

    Before settlers found the area’s hidden resources, the U.S. government considered the area uninhabitable and, in 1855, designated it part of a reservation for 4,000 people from about 20 different coastal, southern Oregon, and northern California tribes.

    The discovery by outsiders of a rare oyster, the ostrea lurida, in Yaquina Bay brought companies from San Francisco to harvest the oyster, leading to pressure to open up the land around the bay to settlement. In 1866, the land now known as Newport and areas adjacent to it were removed from the reservation. Settlers staked their claims immediately.

    Among those first settlers was Sam Case, a volunteer soldier sent to the reservation. Case stayed after the Civil War to work on the reservation and lobby the government to open the area around Yaquina Bay to settlement. Case chose a prime spot where Yaquina Bay meets the ocean. There he built a resort hotel like those he had seen while vacationing in Newport, Rhode Island, and on July 4, 1866, named the town Newport and the hotel Ocean House. Other settlers started a sawmill, worked in the oyster business, and started fishing and shipping ventures. Retail businesses came soon after.

    Development spread out from Newport and the Ocean House on all sides. In the late 1800s and early 1900s, tourism took a tighter hold, and the Nye Beach area began to develop with hotels, hot sea baths, a theater, a miniature golf course, agate shops, and many other attractions.

    One natural resource, spruce trees, brought a dramatic change to the area during World War I. The army created a spruce division to harvest the lightweight wood for use in airplane construction. The infrastructure they built became the foundation for a thriving milling industry that remains today. The war also made it clear that transporting people and materials along Oregon’s coast was unreliable. Construction of the Roosevelt Military Highway (now Highway 101) helped improve transportation and make the area friendly to the increasing automobile traffic.

    The Depression brought many changes to the area also, as the National Recovery Act carried out projects, including parks, schools, and the Yaquina Bay Bridge. Until completion of the bridge, along with a bridge over Alsea Bay, it was not possible to travel the length of the Oregon coast without being ferried across water.

    World War II brought with it the realization that even on the far western coast, we were vulnerable to attack. It was the beginning of a true realization of the importance of Yaquina Bay and Newport.

    One

    NATIVE TRIBES

    Yaquina Bay and the land around it on the central Oregon coast have been inhabited by humans for at least 5,000 years, perhaps longer than 8,000 years. Verification of the presence of prehistoric humans has been accomplished mainly through carbon dating, using contents of the shell middens and ancient house pits at Yaquina Head, Seal Rock, and Whale Cove. Middens are heaps of shells, bones, and tools left by ancient people who camped and worked close to the ocean. The house pits positioned nearby show their wares.

    The latest native tribe to inhabit the area, the Yacona, lived on the Oregon coast from 1400 AD or earlier. The Yacona traveled seasonally from place to place to search for food. Middens indicate where they fished, gathered mollusks, and hunted sea lions and seals.

    After contact with outsiders, life changed dramatically for the Yacona and nearby tribes. Illness and conflict reduced the population. After the Rogue River Wars, about 4,000 natives from 20 different tribes were placed on the Coast Reservation, which opened in 1855. The central portion of the reservation, including the area now known as Newport, opened to settlement in 1866, and the southern and extreme northern portions opened in 1875. Most of the remaining land was allotted to reservation residents in 1892. In 1954, the Confederated Tribes of the Siletz Indians was terminated by an act of Congress; all remaining Siletz lands, except for the 39 acres known as Government Hill, were sold. Government Hill was given to the city of Siletz.

    In the late 1960s, a core group of tribal members began work to revitalize common bonds. They restored the tribal cemetery on Government Hill and developed programs to provide job training and social services and began lobbying Congress and the president to again recognize the Siletz as a federal Native American tribe. In 1977, the federal government restored tribal status, and the Confederated Tribes of

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