How to Draw in Pen and Ink - The Art of Illustration
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About this ebook
Contents Include:
- Originality In Pen Drawing And Design
- To My Fellow Students
- Various Methods and Various Means
- A Few Hints To Special Artists
- A Few Hints To Lady Students
- A Little Captious Criticism of The Lady Art Student
- The Illustrating of Books.
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How to Draw in Pen and Ink - The Art of Illustration - Harry Furniss
HOW TO DRAW IN PEN AND INK
CHAPTER I
ORIGINALITY IN PEN-DRAWING AND DESIGN
IT is a little difficult for one who lives by the topsyturvy art of caricature to give practical advice upon matters of art in a manner wholly grave and serious. It might naturally be supposed that I could write more easily upon almost any other branch of art than on that of design. However, all art students may be said to row in the same boat, no matter with what special branch of art they may afterwards identify themselves; and I will therefore content myself with the thought that should any of my readers acquire but a few practical hints from the remarks I am about to make, I shall be amply repaid for laying down my cap and bells and taking up the pen of the critic.
I am very frequently applied to for advice by students as to the best methods to be pursued in drawing and design. Fond parents and guardians send me albums of the work of budding young artists to be criticized, accompanied by appeals such as this:—
I take the liberty of sending you original drawings by a young man (or young woman as the case may be), which I venture to think show promise of no mean order. You will see that he is original, and that his designs show great spirit. Will you kindly let me know by return whether there is an opening in the Royal Academy, and send me a list of publishers in need of such work?
The letters of this description that I receive are innumerable, and although in replying to them I could do so in two lines or two pages, according to the time at my disposal, I might well sum up everything I have to say in the two words:—Study Nature.
The designer, I care not whether he designs for a beautiful manufacture or for the illustrations in a comic paper, must go to Nature for practice as well as for materials, models, and inspiration. Nature is an inexhaustible storehouse for the artist. In her he finds everything. But what to look for, where to look, and how to look are questions that no one can answer for him but himself. All that he must find out for himself. Begin, then, by drawing from Nature. Even a leaf drawn from Nature is worth all the plaster casts in the art school. Even a foot is far better studied from Nature, than by standing before a huge antique for weeks without varying light and shade. Facility in drawing and design will never be reached until Nature is studied, and the most facile artists, like those whose work looks so rapid to the careless observer—artists like Turner in painting, and Charles Keene in drawing—have been the most persistent students from Nature. Of such enormous importance is this golden rule, Study Nature,
to an art student, that having given vent to it, I might, for all the practical good which my further remarks will do you in comparison with it, lay down my pen. But the mention of the term facility in art
reminds me of other topics upon which I have to touch. I prefer in this opening chapter to confine my remarks to the subjects about which I may be supposed to know most, and would like to say something about Drawing and Design.
It is of no use for me to deal with colour, and I shall leave that department to others who have had more practice in it than I have. Indeed, it would be presumptuous on my part to suppose that I am an artist at all. Of that fact I was forcibly reminded not long ago by one of my own little boys, aged not more than seven. Some visitors were making an afternoon call, and cross-examined young hopeful as to his future career in life.
I suppose you are going to be an artist like your father?
"My father isn’t an artist. He’s only a black-and-white man! I’m going to be an artist in all colours!"
That settles my position; but I may be permitted to say that colour, after all, is a matter of fancy, whereas drawing is a matter of fact. For, supposing that you give several different painters the same subject for a picture, one paints it in a yellow key, another in a red, another blue, and another black, what can you say? They are all right from their respective points of view. Giotto, when asked to send the Pope a specimen of his work for competition at Rome, simply took up his charcoal and drew a circle; which shows that facility with the pencil marks the master more than the mere daub of the brush. But with drawing it is a very different matter. For one artist cannot draw a figure seven heads high, and another make it seventeen without one of them being open to adverse criticism. Colour is according to a man’s fancy, and when that fancy is beautiful, as in the case of Gainsborough, we pardon the swan necks, the twisted limbs, and the sweetness of form long drawn out, which are to be found in his charming portraits.
I fear it cannot be denied that, as a nation, we are weak both in drawing and design. From the nursery to the studio the general desire is to paint before we can draw. I know that some artists believe that an infant should be taught to wield the brush almost before he can shake a rattle, and in their enthusiasm for budding talent glory in beholding the infant prodigy smear a blank canvas, forgiving even his experiments in colour upon the walls and furniture around. And this mistaken idea is too much encouraged in our art schools; so that, too often, when a student thinks he can paint, and is sent to Paris to acquire the knack of facility, he finds, to his horror, that he is put back to the very rudiments of art, and that he has to be taught how to draw. For my own part, I think a student would do well to