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    Right Use of Lime in Soil Improvement
    Right Use of Lime in Soil Improvement
    Right Use of Lime in Soil Improvement
    Ebook98 pages1 hour

    Right Use of Lime in Soil Improvement

    By Alva Agee

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    This book provides all the reader needs to know about the application and science of lime for soil improvement. It is well known that farmers have confirmed that the application of lime is essential to profitable crop production on their farms. Chapters include: The Lime in Soils, Sour Limes, Tests for Acidity, Sources of Lime, Ground Limestone, Storing Lime in the Soil, Fresh Burned Lime, Lime Hydrate, Other Forms of Lime, Magnesian Lime, Methods of Application, Amount of Limes per Acre and Special Crop Demands. This book was originally published in 1919 and we are republishing this works with a new Introduction to Soil Science.
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherWhite Press
    Release dateMay 29, 2014
    ISBN9781473396142
    Right Use of Lime in Soil Improvement

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      Book preview

      Right Use of Lime in Soil Improvement - Alva Agee

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      RIGHT USE OF LIME IN SOIL IMPROVEMENT

      BY

      ALVA AGEE

      Secretary New Jersey State Department of Agriculture

      Formerly director of agricultural extension

      in the Pennsylvania State College and New Jersey State College of Agriculture.

      Copyright © 2013 Read Books Ltd.

      This book is copyright and may not be

      reproduced or copied in any way without

      the express permission of the publisher in writing

      British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

      A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

      Image262.JPG

      Applying Lime

      Contents

      RIGHT USE OF LIME IN SOIL IMPROVEMENT

      Soil Science

      CHAPTER 1

      INTRODUCTION

      CHAPTER II

      THE LIME IN SOILS

      CHAPTER III

      SOUR SOILS

      CHAPTER IV

      EVIDENCES OF ACIDITY

      CHAPTER V

      TESTS FOR ACIDITY

      CHAPTER VI

      SOURCES OF LIME

      CHAPTER VII

      DEFINITIONS

      CHAPTER VIII

      GROUND LIMESTONE

      CHAPTER IX

      STORING LIME IN THE SOIL

      CHAPTER X

      FRESH BURNED LIME

      CHAPTER XI

      BURNING LIME

      CHAPTER XII

      LIME HYDRATE

      CHAPTER XIII

      OTHER FORMS OF LIME

      CHAPTER XIV

      MAGNESIAN LIME

      CHAPTER XV

      WHAT SHALL ONE BUY?

      CHAPTER XVI

      METHODS OF APPLICATION

      CHAPTER XVII

      AMOUNT OF LIME PER ACRE

      CHAPTER VIII

      SPECIAL CROP DEMANDS

      Soil Science

      Soil science is the study of soil as a natural resource on the surface of the Earth including soil formation, classification and mapping; physical, chemical, biological, and fertility properties of soils; and these properties in relation to the use and management of soils. Sometimes terms which refer to branches of soil science, such as pedology (formation, chemistry, morphology and classification of soil) and edaphology (influence of soil on organisms, especially plants), are used as if synonymous with soil science. The diversity of names associated with this discipline is related to the various associations concerned. Indeed, engineers, agronomists, chemists, geologists, physical geographers, ecologists, biologists, archaeologists, and specialists in regional planning, all contribute to further knowledge of soils and the advancement of the soil sciences.

      Soil occupies the pedosphere, one of Earth’s spheres that the geosciences use to organize the Earth conceptually. ‘Pedology’ is the study of soil in its natural setting, whereas ‘Edaphology’ is the study of soil in relation to soil-dependent uses. Both branches apply a combination of soil physics, soil chemistry, and soil biology. Due to the numerous interactions between the biosphere, atmosphere and hydrosphere that are hosted within the pedosphere, more integrated, less soil-centric concepts are also valuable. Highlighting the interdisciplinary nature of the field, many concepts essential to understanding soil come from individuals not identifiable strictly as soil scientists.

      Dependence on and curiosity about soil, exploring the diversity and dynamics of this resource continues to yield fresh discoveries and insights. New avenues of soil research are compelled by a need to understand soil in the context of climate change, greenhouse gases, and carbon sequestration. Interest in maintaining the planet’s biodiversity and in exploring past cultures (for instance, providing vast leaps in carbon dating) has also stimulated renewed interest in achieving a more refined understanding of soil. ‘Soil Science’ as a discipline did not emerge until the nineteenth century however, with the work of Vasily Dokuchaev – a Russian geologist and geographer. He has been credited with identifying soil as a resource whose distinctness and complexity deserved to be separated conceptually from geology and crop production and treated as a whole.

      Previously, soil had been considered a product of chemical transformations of rocks, a dead substrate from which plants derive nutritious elements. Soil and bedrock were in fact equated. Dokuchaev considered the soil as a natural body having its own genesis and its own history of development, a body with complex and multiform processes taking place within it. Dokuchaev argued that soil should be called the ‘daily’ or outward horizons of rocks regardless of type; changed naturally by the common effect of water, air and various kinds of living and dead organisms. This led to the 1914 encyclopaedic definition of soil; ‘the different forms of earth on the surface of the rocks, formed by the breaking down or weathering of rocks.’ Today, a corollary concept to this observation is that our soil, without a living component, is simply a part of earth’s outer layer.

      Further refinement of the soil concept is occurring in view of an appreciation of energy transport and transformation within soil. The term is popularly applied to the material on the surface of the Earth’s moon and Mars, a usage acceptable within a portion of the scientific community. Accurate to this modern understanding of soil is Nikiforoff’s 1959 definition of soil as the ‘excited skin of the sub aerial part of the earth’s crust.’ Academically, soil scientists tend to be drawn to one of five areas of specialization: microbiology, pedology, edaphology, physics or chemistry. Yet the work specifics are very much dictated by the challenges facing our civilization’s desire to sustain the land that supports it, and the distinctions between the sub-disciplines of soil science often blur in the process. One interesting effort drawing in soil scientists in the USA as of 2004 is the Soil Quality Initiative. Central to the Soil Quality Initiative is developing indices of soil health and then monitoring them in a way that gives us long term (decade-to-decade) feedback on our performance as stewards of the planet. The effort

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