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    Heck's Pictorial Archive of Nature and Science: With Over 5,500 Illustrations
    Heck's Pictorial Archive of Nature and Science: With Over 5,500 Illustrations
    Heck's Pictorial Archive of Nature and Science: With Over 5,500 Illustrations
    Ebook374 pages1 hour

    Heck's Pictorial Archive of Nature and Science: With Over 5,500 Illustrations

    By Dover Publications

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    About this ebook

    Based on J. G. Heck's Bilder Atlas zum Convenations Lexicon, published in German in the nineteenth century, the Iconographic Encyclopaedia of Science, Literature, and Art was a monumental six-volume compilation of illustrations and information, covering an enormous range of subjects, from architecture to zoology. Among its most remarkable features were the thousands of superb steel engravings, comprising one of the most extensive pictorial archives ever published in a single work.
    The present book, one of three separate and independent volumes based on the rare original American edition of 1851, is devoted to nature and science. Over 170 beautifully reproduced plates contain thousands of illustrations depicting an extraordinary array of subjects: mathematical and geometrical problems; surveying instruments, astronomical maps, and instruments; planetary systems according to Ptolemy, the Egyptians, Copernicus, and others; positions of the planets; botanical illutrations of scores of plants — including seed pods, fruits, and other parts; physical and meteorological illustration demonstrating many laws and principles; numerous types of physical and chemical apparatus; animals, minerals, fossils, geological formations; human anatomy; and many other images. A descriptive table of contents is keyed to numbered illustrations on each plate.
    Artists, illustrators, and anyone in need of precisely rendered, royalty-free science or nature illustrations will welcome this practically inexhaustible wealth of immediately usable art.

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherDover Publications
    Release dateFeb 28, 2013
    ISBN9780486155630
    Heck's Pictorial Archive of Nature and Science: With Over 5,500 Illustrations

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    Reviews for Heck's Pictorial Archive of Nature and Science

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    • 4/5
      I really like the pictures in this book, but it's hard to read because when looking for the figure numbers it doesn't have them with the pictures.

    Book preview

    Heck's Pictorial Archive of Nature and Science - Dover Publications

    Heck’s

    Pictorial Archive of

    Nature and Science

    EDITED BY

    J.G. HECK

    DOVER PUBLICATIONS, INC.

    NEW YORK

    At Dover Publications we’re committed to producing books in an earth-friendly manner and to helping our customers make greener choices.

    Manufacturing books in the United States ensures compliance with strict environmental laws and eliminates the need for international freight shipping, a major contributor to global air pollution. And printing on recycled paper helps minimize our consumption of trees, water and fossil fuels. The text of Heck’s Pictorial Archive of Nature and Science was printed on paper made with 10% post-consumer waste, and the cover was printed on paper made with 10% post-consumer waste. According to Environmental Defense’s Paper Calculator, by using this innovative paper instead of conventional papers, we achieved the following environmental benefits:

    For more information on our environmental practices, please visit us online www.doverpublications.com/green

    Copyright

    Copyright © 1994 by Dover Publications, Inc.

    All rights reserved.

    Bibliographical Note

    This Dover edition, first published in 1994, contains the complete sections Mathematics and Astronomy, Physics and Meteorology, Chemistry, Minerology, and Geology, Botany, Anthropology and Surgery and Technology (176 plates) and the accompanying descriptive contents of the plates from the Iconographic Encyclopœdia of Science, Literature, and Art. Systematically Arranged by J. G. Heck. Translated from the German, with Additions, and Edited by Spencer F. Baird, A.M. M.D., Professor of Natural Sciences in Dickinson College, Carlisle, PA. Illustrated by Five Hundred Steel Plates, Containing Upwards of Twelve Thousand Engravings, originally published by Rudolph Garrigue, Publisher, New York, in 1851. The table of contents has been slightly rearranged for this edition.

    DOVER Pictorial Archive SERIES

    This book belongs to the Dover Pictorial Archive Series. You may use the designs and illustrations for graphics and crafts applications, free and without special permission, provided that you include no more than ten in the same publication or project. (For permission for additional use, please write to Permissions Department, Dover Publications, Inc., 31 East 2nd Street, Mineola, N.Y. 11501.)

    However, republication or reproduction of any illustration by any other graphic service, whether it be in a book or in any other design resource, is strictly prohibited.

    Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

    Heck, J. G. (Johann Georg), d. 1857.

    [Bilder Atlas zum Conversations Lexicon. English. Selections]

    Heck’s pictorial archive of natural and science / edited by J.G. Heck.

       p. cm. — (Dover pictorial archive series)

    A selection of engravings from the 1851 English ed., entitled Iconographic encyclopaedia of science, literature, and art, which was a translation of J.G. Heck’s Bilder Atlas zum Conversations Lexicon.

    ISBN-13: 978-0-486-28291-6 (pbk.)

    ISBN-10: 0-486-28291-0 (pbk.)

    1. Scientific illustrations—Handbooks, manuals, etc. 2. Engraving—Handbooks, manuals, etc. 3. Picture dictionaries—Handbooks, manuals, etc. 4. Illustration of books—Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Title. II. Title: Pictorial archive of nature and science. III. Series.

    Q222.H432513 1994

    502.2′2—dc20

    94-13115

    CIP

    Manufactured in the United States by Courier Corporation

    28291008

    www.doverpublications.com

    Contents

    MATHEMATICS AND ASTRONOMY

    [Including the translation of German words and phrases in the same.]

    PLATES 1—3.

    Mathematical and Geometrical problems

    GLOSSARY.

    Milchstrasse, Milky Way.

    PLATE 4.

    Problems in Geodesy or Surveying, and Projection in vertical and horizontal planes

    PLATE 5.

    Mathematical and Surveying Instruments.

    Figs. 1, 2. Hair compasses

    Figs. 3, 4. Proportional compasses

    Figs. 5. Do. with micrometer screw

    Figs. 6, 7. Beam compasses

    Figs. 8, 8a. Triangular compasses

    Figs. 9, 10. Elliptograph

    Figs. 11–13. Farey’s do.

    Figs. 14. Excentric compasses

    Figs. 15. Pantograph

    Figs. 16. Wallace’s eidograph

    Figs. 17. Spring compasses

    Figs. 18, 19. Parallel ruler

    Figs. 20. Lehman’s plane table

    Figs. 21. Mayer’s do.

    Figs. 22. Mayer’s fork and plummet

    Figs. 23, 24. Tubular level

    Figs. 25. Diopter ruler

    Figs. 26. Do. with telescope

    Figs. 27. Measuring chain

    Figs. 28. Measuring staff

    Figs. 29. Arrow or picket

    Figs. 30. Zollman’s instrument for measuring angles

    Figs. 31. Astrolabe

    Figs. 32. Hadley’s sextant

    Figs. 33, 34. Compass and telescope

    Figs. 35, 36. Schmalkalder’s prismatic compass

    Figs. 37. Graphometer

    Figs. 38. Theodolite

    Figs. 39. Borda’s reflecting circle,

    Figs. 40, 41. Water level and movable diopter

    Figs. 42–44. Keith’s mercurial level

    Figs. 45. Level and compass

    Figs. 46. Levelling telescope

    Figs. 47. Levelling compass

    Figs. 48. Levelling circle

    Figs. 49, 50. Explanation of the vernier

    Figs. 51, 52. Levelling staves

    Figs. 53, 54. Target of levelling stave

    Figs. 55. Plate compasses

    Figs. 56. Mason’s level

    Figs. 57. Application of plane table

    Figs. 58–60. Lehman’s method of topographical drawing

    GLOSSARY.

    a = der Projection des Bergstriches, a = Projection of the mountain tract.

    b = der Höhe der horizontalen Schicht, b = Height of the horizontal stratum.

    c = wahre Länge des Bergstriches, c = True length of the mountain tract.

    PLATE 6.

    Figs. 1, 2. The armillary sphere

    Figs. 3. Illustrating the properties of the circle

    Figs. 4. Ill’g the properties of the ellipse

    Figs. 5. Ill’g the parallax

    Figs. 6. Ill’g the centrifugal force of the earth

    Figs. 7. Ill’g the rotation of the earth

    Figs. 8, 9. Ill’g the proof of the earth’s being of spherical shape and an elliptical spheroid

    Figs. 10. Ill’g the local variation of gravity

    Figs. 11. The parallelogram of forces

    Figs. 12. Illustrating the points, circles, and terms of the terrestrial sphere

    Figs. 13. Ill’g the apparent rotation of the celestial sphere

    Figs. 14. Ill’g the heliocentric and geocentric place of the planets

    Fig. 15. Ill’g the perihelion distance

    Figs. 16, 17. Ill’g refraction

    Figs. 18. Ill’g the theory of eclipses of the sun and moon

    Figs. 19. Ill’g the phases of the moon

    Figs. 20. Ill’g the moon’s nodes

    Figs. 21. Ill’g the apparent course of Venus

    Figs. 22. Ill’g the theory of twilight,

    Figs. 23. Ill’g the theory of ebb and flow

    Figs. 24, 25. Ill’g the apparent course of superior and inferior planets

    Figs. 26. Ill’g the resistance of the ether

    PLATE 7.

    Fig. 1. Planetary system of Ptolemy

    Figs. 2. Planetary system of the Egyptians

    Figs. 3. Do. of Tycho de Brahe

    Figs. 4, 5. Do. of Copernicus

    Figs. 6. Illustrating the velocity of planets

    Figs. 7. Ill’g the inclination of the planetary orbits to that of the earth

    PLATE 8.

    Figs. 1. Group of stars in Hercules

    Figs. 2. Do. in Aquarius

    Figs. 3, 4. Do. fan shaped

    Figs. 5. Nebula in Ursa

    Figs. 6. Do. in Gemini

    Figs. 7. Do. in Leo Major

    Figs. 8, 9. Nebulæ in Monoceros

    Figs. 10. Nebula in Canes Venatici

    Figs. 11. Do. in Sagittarius

    Figs. 12, 13. Do. in Auriga

    Figs. 14. Do. in Andromeda

    Figs. 15. Comet of 1819

    Figs. 16, 17. Do. of 1811

    Figs. 18. Surface of Mars

    Figs. 19. Do.

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