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    NORAD and Cheyenne Mountain AFS
    NORAD and Cheyenne Mountain AFS
    NORAD and Cheyenne Mountain AFS
    Ebook137 pages28 minutes

    NORAD and Cheyenne Mountain AFS

    By J. Brian "Bear" Lihani

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    About this ebook

    The North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) was established as a result of an agreement between Canada and the United States to defend against increasing Soviet military capabilities. In the early years of World War II, the leaders of the United States and Canada agreed to military cooperation, thus beginning strong defense relations still evident today. Military and civilian personnel from both countries work together for the defense of North America. Established as a formal military command in 1958, NORAD has been headquartered in Colorado Springs since its inception. In the late 1950s, a decision was made to move the Continental Air Defense Command combat operations center to an underground facility to provide a secure and hardened location for air defense operations. After several locations were evaluated, Cheyenne Mountain, south of Colorado Springs, Colorado, was chosen for the new command center. In operation since 1966, Cheyenne Mountain Air Force Station continues to be America's fortress.
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherArcadia Publishing
    Release dateJun 29, 2015
    ISBN9781439652114
    NORAD and Cheyenne Mountain AFS
    Author

    J. Brian "Bear" Lihani

    Author J. Brian "Bear" Lihani was a career US Air Force officer, with many of those years assigned to NORAD operations. His last active duty assignment was inside the legendary Cheyenne Mountain Air Force Station as the officer in charge of the Air Warning Center.

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      Book preview

      NORAD and Cheyenne Mountain AFS - J. Brian "Bear" Lihani

      mid-1980s.

      INTRODUCTION

      Before World War II began for the United States, the US War Department informed the public that the Air Defense Command (ADC) was being created to further the development of means and methods for defense against air attacks. It was 1939, and the airplane was only 36 years old, but it had proven itself as a formidable war machine in World War I. Although never threatened, the War Department realized the potential danger of enemy aircraft. The ADC was formed in 1940, but it was not until 1946 that it became a military command of the Army. That year, Gen. Carl Tooey Spaatz, commanding general, Army Air Forces, testified to Congress on a need for a US Army Air Defense Command. General Spaatz stated, In view of the possibility of air attack in any future war, we feel that the air defense of the United States cannot be left to chance. There must be a commander responsible for it. We must be properly organized so there cannot possibly be an air surprise such as occurred at Pearl Harbor. We hope and expect we will have enough appropriation to provide equipment and personnel to maintain radar stations open 24 hours a day . . . The Air Defense Command is established for this purpose.

      The Joint Chiefs of Staff established Continental Air Defense Command (CONAD) on September 1, 1954, and its mission was to defend the continental United States against air attacks. The US Army Air Defense Command became a component of CONAD, and in 1956, the Secretary of Defense signed the plan that reorganized CONAD (separating it from the US Air Force Air Defense Command) and also added Alaska as part of its responsibilities. This new structure also gave CONAD the ability to assist Canada and Mexico in air defense. Because of this structure and new responsibilities, the Joint Chiefs of Staff and Canadian Chiefs of Staff Committee were introducing the potential integration of operational control of the air defense forces of both Canada and the United States. The study was assigned to the Joint Canadian–United States Military Study Group for review, which they completed in 1956 with the recommendation that the two countries’ air defense forces integrate. Both countries’ leadership reviewed the proposal, and in August 1957 the two governments formally announced the approval of the establishment of an integrated Canadian and American air defense command. Gen. Earle E. Partridge, CONAD commander, proposed that operational control of Canadian and US air defense forces be assumed by an integrated headquarters in Colorado Springs, Colorado. General Partridge also recommended the title North American Air Defense Command (NORAD) for the newly formed force. Formal approval of the location and name was given on September 6, 1957, thereby establishing NORAD. Ent Air Force Base in Colorado Springs was selected as headquarters, and the Air Operations Center there became responsible for operational control of NORAD air defense

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