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Adult Mentor - Dr. Denise Elane Witherbee
JESUS ESTABLISHES THE CHURCH
QUARTERLY THEME:
The New Testament Church
Lesson Scripture:
Matthew 16:13–20
DISCIPLINES LEARNED
I. WHO IS JESUS TO OTHERS?
II. WHO IS JESUS TO YOU?
KEY VERSE:
And I say unto thee, That thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.
(Matthew 16:18, KJV)
INTRODUCTION:
Every building needs a foundation underneath it in order for it to stand upright and endure the challenge of time. Many buildings are constructed upon rock or concrete slab because these will not give way easily to the weight that is upon them. Jesus compared the building up of the Church to metaphorically constructing it upon rock because He wanted the disciples to know it would stand for all eternity and endure the test of time. In a regular teaching session He inquired of them two things. First He asked them who the people in the community thought He was. Second, He asked His disciples their thoughts about His identity. This series of questions led to Peter’s statement of faith, which declared Jesus as the Messiah of God and became the foundation upon which Jesus promised to construct His spiritual empire, the Church.
EXPOSITION:
I. Who Is Jesus to the Community?
After performing many miracles, Jesus got into a boat with His disciples and crossed over to Magdala, quite possibly the area that Mary Magdalene heralded from. When He arrived there He was met by a group of Pharisees and Sadducees who asked Him for a sign from God to prove that He was who He claimed to be. They had ignored the great miracles He had just performed in the healing of a plethora of people and afterwards feeding four thousand men, not including the women and children (Matt. 15:29–39). Additionally, Jesus was aware that these two groups did not normally associate with one another because their religious perspectives were totally opposite. Although they disagreed on many aspects of Jewish doctrine, the major point of distinction between the two was the Pharisees, who were derived from the scribes, believed in bodily resurrection whereas the Sadducees, the elite priestly group, did not (see Matt. 22:23; Mark 12:18; Luke 20:27; Acts 4:1–2; 23:8). Their willingness to confront Jesus together tells of a peculiar and unlikely union, both sides coming together in an unholy alliance
to disrupt the ministry of the Lord. Because of this alliance and their deliberate refusal to see what was already apparent in the miracles Jesus had performed, He warned His disciples to beware of their teachings. They would augment their doctrine and use any means necessary to thwart Jesus. At any rate, their failure to see Jesus for who He was provoked Him to ask the disciples who people in the community perceived Him to be. This question was not asked of them because Jesus failed to read the community gossip column, but that He might contrast the people’s understanding of Him with that of the disciples who possessed an intimate relationship with Him. The survey of responses varied from John the Baptist to Elijah, to Jeremiah, or one of the prophets. Though woefully inadequate, at least these responses show the community saw Jesus as a divinely appointed figure who was called to proclaim the will of God. Their perception of Him is similar to that of the Samaritan woman who was confronted by Jesus at Jacob’s Well (see John 4:1–42). Initially she questioned His motive, but gradually she came to increase her respect for Him, first addressing Him as sir,
then declaring to Him I see you are a prophet,
and finally accepting Him as the Messiah.
THEOLOGICAL CONCEPTS:
1 It is imperative that we discover who others consider Jesus to be.
2 It is imperative that we know who Jesus is and what He means to us.
3 Understanding His identity will enable us to become witnesses for His cause.
ACTIVITY:
MAKING IT STICK
Read John 4 and compare and contrast the declaration of Peter to the Samaritan woman’s gradual understanding and acceptance of Jesus as the Messiah.
The disciples’ knowledge of the community’s perception of Jesus revealed that people saw Him as a prophet holding status with some of Israel’s heavyweights. However, their perception of Him, though commendable, was not where it needed to be. It would be fertile ground, however, for the disciples’ ministry.
II. Who Is Jesus to You?
Jesus had opened the door for the disciples to critically assess who He was, first from a community perspective. After obtaining the response to His initial question Jesus asked a more pointed one: Who do you think I am?
The response is breathtaking. It appears that what the Jewish officials and others in the community had missed, Peter and the disciples had perceived. Jesus had succeeded in raising awareness of the Kingdom of God coming near in Him (Mark 1:14–15). This conclusion affirmed by Peter’s statement of faith had come as a result of the working of the Spirit of God in him and the other disciples. Intimate exposure to Jesus (being born of the Spirit) allowed the penetrating x-rays
of the Holy Spirit to reveal to them heavenly truths (see John 3:1–8;