Micro and Nano Technologies Series

Nanoengineered Biomaterials for Regenerative Medicine showcases the advances that have taken place in recent years as an increasing number of nanoengineered biomaterials have been targeted to various organ tissues. The book systematically explores how nanoengineered biomaterials are used in different aspects of regenerative medicine, including bone regeneration, brain tissue reconstruction and kidney repair. It is a valuable reference resource for scientists working in biomaterials science who want to learn more about how nanoengineered materials are practically applied in regenerative medicine. Nanoengineered biomaterials have gained particular focus due to their many advantages over conventional techniques for tissue repair. As a wide range of biomaterials and nanotechnology techniques have been examined for the regeneration of tissues, this book highlights the discussions and advancements made. Provides a digestible reference source for surgeons and physicians who want to learn more on nanoengineered biomaterials and their use in effective medical treatments Offers systematic coverage on how nanoengineered biomaterials are used for different types of medicine Assesses the benefits and drawbacks of the use of bioengineered nanomaterials in different areas of regenerative medicine

Lanthanide-Based Multifunctional Materials: From OLEDs to SIMs serves as a comprehensive and state-of the art review on these promising compounds, delivering a panorama of their extensive and rapidly growing applications. After an introductory chapter on the theoretical description of the optical and magnetic behaviour of lanthanides and on the prediction of their properties by ab-initio methods, four chapters are devoted to lanthanide-based OLEDs, including the latest trends in visible emitters, the emerging field of near infrared emitters and the first achievements attained in the field of chiral OLEDs. The use of lanthanide complexes as molecular magnets spreads over another two chapters, which explain the evolution of 4f-elements-based SIMs and the most recent advances in heterometallic 3d–4f SMMs. Other very active research areas are covered in the remaining five chapters, dedicated to lanthanide-doped germanate and tellurite glasses, luminescent materials for up-conversion, luminescent thermosensors, multimodal imaging and therapeutic agents, and chemosensors. The book is aimed at academic and industrial researchers, undergraduates and postgraduates alike, and is of particular interest for the Materials Science, Applied Physics and Applied Chemistry communities. Includes the latest progress on lanthanide-based materials and their applications (in OLEDs, SIMs, doped matrices, up-conversion, thermosensors, theragnostics and chemosensors) Presents basic and applied aspects of the Physics and Chemistry of lanthanide compounds, as well as future lines of action Covers successful examples of devices and proofs-of-concept and provides guidelines for the rational design of new materials

In this 2nd edition of Micro-Drops and Digital Microfluidics, Jean Berthier explores the fundamentals and applications of digital microfluidics, enabling engineers and scientists to design this important enabling technology into devices and harness the considerable potential of digital microfluidics in testing and data collection. This book describes the most recent developments in digital microfluidics, with a specific focus on the computational, theoretical and experimental study of microdrops. Unique in its emphasis on digital microfluidics and with diverse applications ranging from drug delivery to point-of-care diagnostic chips, organic synthesis to microreactors, Micro-Drops and Digital Microfluidics meets the needs of audiences across the fields of bioengineering and biotechnology, and electrical and chemical engineering. Authoritative reporting on the latest changes in microfluidic science, where microscopic liquid volumes are handled as ""microdrops"" and separately from ""nanodrops." A methodical examination of how liquid microdrops behave in the complex geometries of modern miniaturized systems and interact with different morphological (micro-fabricated, textured) solid substrates A thorough explanation of how capillary forces act on liquid interfaces in contact with micro-fabricated surfaces Analysis of how droplets can be manipulated, handled, or transported using electric fields (electrowetting), acoustic actuation (surface acoustic waves), or by a carrier liquid (microflow) A fresh perspective on the future of microfluidics

Emerging Nanotechnologies for Diagnostics, Drug Delivery and Medical Devices covers the modern micro and nanotechnologies used for diagnosis, drug delivery, and theranostics using micro, nano, and implantable systems. In-depth coverage of all aspects of disease treatment is included. In addition, the book covers cutting-edge research and technology that will help readers gain knowledge of novel approaches and their applications to improve drug/agent specificity for diagnosis and efficient disease treatment. It is a comprehensive guide for medical specialists, the pharmaceutical-industry, and academic researchers discussing the impact of nanotechnology on diagnosis, drug delivery, and theranostics. Gives readers working in immunology, drug delivery, and medicine a greater awareness on how novel nanotechnology orientated methods can help improve treatment Provides readers with backgrounds in nanotechnology, chemistry, and materials science an understanding on how nanotechnology is used in immunology and drug delivery Includes focused coverage of the use of nanodevices in diagnostics, therapeutics, and theranostics not offered by other books

This practical, lab-based approach to nano- and microfluidics provides readers with a wealth of practical techniques, protocols, and experiments ready to be put into practice in both research and industrial settings. The practical approach is ideally suited to researchers and R&D staff in industry; additionally the interdisciplinary approach to the science of nano- and microfluidics enables readers from a range of different academic disciplines to broaden their understanding. Dr Rapp fully engages with the multidisciplinary nature of the subject. Alongside traditional fluid/transport topics, there is a wealth of coverage of materials and manufacturing techniques, chemical modification/surface functionalization, biochemical analysis, and the biosensors involved. As well as providing a clear and concise overview to get started into the multidisciplinary field of microfluidics and practical guidance on techniques, pitfalls and troubleshooting, this book supplies: A set of hands-on experiments and protocols that will help setting up lab experiments but which will also allow a quick start into practical work. A collection of microfluidic structures, with 3D-CAD and image data that can be used directly (files provided on a companion website). A practical guide to the successful design and implementation of nano- and microfluidic processes (e.g. biosensing) and equipment (e.g., biosensors, such as diabetes blood glucose sensors) Provides techniques, experiments, and protocols ready to be put to use in the lab, in an academic, or industry setting A collection of 3D-CAD and image files is provided on a companion website

Applications of Nanofluid for Heat Transfer Enhancement explores recent progress in computational fluid dynamic and nonlinear science and its applications to nanofluid flow and heat transfer. The opening chapters explain governing equations and then move on to discussions of free and forced convection heat transfers of nanofluids. Next, the effect of nanofluid in the presence of an electric field, magnetic field, and thermal radiation are investigated, with final sections devoted to nanofluid flow in porous media and application of nanofluid for solidification. The models discussed in the book have applications in various fields, including mathematics, physics, information science, biology, medicine, engineering, nanotechnology, and materials science. Presents the latest information on nanofluid free and force convection heat transfer, of nanofluid in the presence of thermal radiation, and nanofluid in the presence of an electric field Provides an understanding of the fundamentals in new numerical and analytical methods Includes codes for each modeling method discussed, along with advice on how to best apply them

New nanomaterials are leading to a range of emerging dental treatments that utilize more biomimetic materials that more closely duplicate natural tooth structure (or bone, in the case of implants). This book brings together an international team of experts from the fields of materials science, nanotechnology and dentistry, to explain these new materials and their applications for the restoration, fixation, replacement, or regeneration of hard and soft tissues in and about the oral cavity and craniofacial region. The main topics covered include applications in dental specialties (Orthodontics, Endodontics, Pediatric dentistry, Periodontics, Prosthodontics and Implant dentistry), salivary diagnostics using bioMEMS/NEMS systems, nanochips for oral cancer diagnosis, biomimetic nanomaterials, and nanotechnology for tooth repair and regeneration. The editors' previous book, Emerging Nanotechnologies in Dentistry focused on the fabrication/manufacturing processes of materials and dentistry applications. This second book complements the first covers with coverage of the range of nanomaterials available today in clinical dentistry, explaining the innovative techniques and applications in all of the main clinical dental specialties. Nanobiomaterial engineers, biomedical researchers, biomedical engineers and dental/oral pre-clinical and clinical researchers will find the comprehensive coverage essential for working with nanotechnologies and materials in both clinical and research settings. Book prepared by an interdisciplinary and international group of scientists and practitioners in the fields of nanomaterials, dental implants, medical devices and clinical practice Comprehensive professional reference for the subject covering materials fabrication and use of materials for all major diagnostic and therapeutic dental applications – repair, restoration, regeneration, implants and prevention Complements the editors' previous book on nanotechnology applications for dentistry

New Approaches to Image Processing Based Failure Analysis of Nano-Scale ULSI Devices introduces the reader to transmission and scanning microscope image processing for metal and non-metallic microstructures. Engineers and scientists face the pressing problem in ULSI development and quality assurance: microscopy methods can’t keep pace with the continuous shrinking of feature size in microelectronics. Nanometer scale sizes are below the resolution of light, and imaging these features is nearly impossible even with electron microscopes, due to image noise. This book presents novel "smart" image processing methods, applications, and case studies concerning quality improvement of microscope images of microelectronic chips and process optimization. It explains an approach for high-resolution imaging of advanced metallization for micro- and nanoelectronics. This approach obviates the time-consuming preparation and selection of microscope measurement and sample conditions, enabling not only better electron-microscopic resolution, but also more efficient testing and quality control. This in turn leads to productivity gains in design and development of nano-scale ULSI chips. The authors also present several approaches for super-resolving low-resolution images to improve failure analysis of microelectronic chips. Acquaints users with new software-based approaches to enhance high-resolution microscope imaging of microchip structures Demonstrates how these methods lead to productivity gains in the development of ULSI chips Presents several techniques for the superresolution of images, enabling engineers and scientists to improve their results in failure analysis of microelectronic chips

Nanotechnologies in Preventative and Regenerative Medicine demonstrates how control at the nanoscale can help achieve earlier diagnoses and create more effective treatments. Chapters take a logical approach, arranging materials by their area of application. Biomaterials are, by convention, divided according to the area of their application, with each chapter outlining current challenges before discussing how nanotechnology and nanomaterials can help solve these challenges This applications-orientated book is a valuable resource for researchers in biomedical science who want to gain a greater understanding on how nanotechnology can help create more effective vaccines and treatments, and to nanomaterials researchers seeking to gain a greater understanding of how these materials are applied in medicine. Demonstrates how nanotechnology can help achieve more successful diagnoses at an earlier stage Explains how nanomaterials can be manipulated to create more effective drug treatments Offers suggestions on how the use of nanotechnology might have future applications to create even more effective treatments

This book provides an overview of the rapidly growing and developing field of nanotechnology, focusing on key essentials and structured around a robust anatomy of the subject. The newcomer to nanotechnology, who may well have a strong background in one of the traditional disciplines such as physics, mechanical or electrical engineering, chemistry or biology or who may have been working in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology, is confronted with a bewildering range of information. This book brings together the principles, theory and practice of nanotechnology, giving a broad yet authoritative introduction to the possibilities and limitations of this exciting field. Succinct chapter summaries allow readers to grasp quickly the concepts discussed and gain an overview of the field Discusses design and manufacture and applications and their impact in a wide range of nanotechnology areas An ideal introduction for businesses and potential investors in nanotechnology

Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials in the Treatment of Life-threatening Diseases takes a scientific approach to nanotechnology and nanomaterials applications in medicine, while also explaining the core biological principles for an audience of biomedical engineers, materials scientists, pharmacologists, and medical diagnostic technicians. The book is structured by major disease groups, offering a practical, application-based focus for scientists, engineers, and clinicians alike. The spectrum of medical applications is explored, from diagnostics and imaging to drug delivery, monitoring, therapies, and disease prevention. It also focuses specifically on the synthesis of nanomaterials and their potential health risks (particularly toxicity). Nanomedicine — the application of nanomaterials and devices for addressing medical problems — has demonstrated great potential for enabling improved diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of many serious illnesses, including cancer, cardiovascular and neurological disorders, HIV/AIDS, and diabetes, as well as many types of inflammatory and infectious diseases. Gain an understanding of how nanotechnologies and nanomaterials can be deployed in the fight against the major life-threatening diseases: cancer, neurological disorders (including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's), cardiovascular diseases, and HIV/AIDS Discover the latest developments in nanomedicine, from therapies and drug delivery to diagnostics and disease prevention The authors cover the health risks of nanomaterials as well as their benefits, considering toxicity and potential carcinogens

Introducing the fields of nanomaterials and devices, and their applications across a wide range of academic disciplines and industry sectors, Donglu Shi bridges knowledge acquisition and practical work, providing a starting point for the research and development of applications. The book describes characterization of nanomaterials, their preparation methods and performance testing techniques; the design and development of nano-scale devices; and the applications of nanomaterials, with examples taken from different industry sectors, such as lighting, energy, bioengineering and medicine / medical devices. Key nanomaterial types are covered, such as carbon nanotubes, nanobiomaterials, nano-magnetic materials, semiconductor materials and nanocomposites. Shi also provides detailed coverage of key emerging technologies such as DNA nanotechnology and spintronics. The resulting text is equally relevant for advanced students (senior and graduate) and for engineers and scientists from a variety of different academic backgrounds working in the multi-disciplinary field of nanotechnology. Provides detailed guidance for the characterization of nanomaterials, their preparation, and performance testing Explains the principles and challenges of the design and development of nano-scale devices Explores applications through cases taken from a range of different sectors, including electronics, energy and medicine.

The ability to mix minute quantities of fluids is critical in a range of recent and emerging techniques in engineering, chemistry and life sciences, with applications as diverse as inkjet printing, pharmaceutical manufacturing, specialty and hazardous chemical manufacturing, DNA analysis and disease diagnosis. The multidisciplinary nature of this field – intersecting engineering, physics, chemistry, biology, microtechnology and biotechnology – means that the community of engineers and scientists now engaged in developing microfluidic devices has entered the field from a variety of different backgrounds. Micromixers is uniquely comprehensive, in that it deals not only with the problems that are directly related to fluidics as a discipline (aspects such as mass transport, molecular diffusion, electrokinetic phenomena, flow instabilities, etc.) but also with the practical issues of fabricating micomixers and building them into microsystems and lab-on-chip assemblies.With practical applications to the design of systems vital in modern communications, medicine and industry this book has already established itself as a key reference in an emerging and important field. The 2e includes coverage of a broader range of fabrication techniques, additional examples of fully realized devices for each type of micromixer and a substantially extended section on industrial applications, including recent and emerging applications. Introduces the design and applications of micromixers for a broad audience across chemical engineering, electronics and the life sciences, and applications as diverse as lab-on-a-chip, ink jet printing, pharmaceutical manufacturing and DNA analysis Helps engineers and scientists to unlock the potential of micromixers by explaining both the scientific (microfluidics) aspects and the engineering involved in building and using successful microscale systems and devices with micromixers The author's applied approach combines experience-based discussion of the challenges and pitfalls of using micromixers, with proposals for how to overcome them

Physical Fundamentals of Nanomaterials systematically describes the principles, structures and formation mechanisms of nanomaterials, in particular the concepts, principles and theories of their physical properties as well as the most important and commonly used preparation methods. The book aims to provide readers with a basic understanding of how nanomaterials are synthesized as well as their resultant physical properties it therefore focuses on the science of nanomaterials rather than applications, serving as an excellent starting point for researchers, materials scientists and advanced students who already possess a basic knowledge of chemistry and physics. Provides thorough coverage of the physics and processes involved in the preparation of nanomaterials Contains separate chapters for various types of synthesis methods, including gas phase, liquid phase, solid phase, and self-assembly Coverage of properties includes separate chapters on mechanical, thermal, optical, electrical and magnetic

Tissue engineering involves seeding of cells on bio-mimicked scaffolds providing adhesive surfaces. Researchers though face a range of problems in generating tissue which can be circumvented by employing nanotechnology. It provides substrates for cell adhesion and proliferation and agents for cell growth and can be used to create nanostructures and nanoparticles to aid the engineering of different types of tissue. Written by renowned scientists from academia and industry, this book covers the recent developments, trends and innovations in the application of nanotechnologies in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. It provides information on methodologies for designing and using biomaterials to regenerate tissue, on novel nano-textured surface features of materials (nano-structured polymers and metals e.g.) as well as on theranostics, immunology and nano-toxicology aspects. In the book also explained are fabrication techniques for production of scaffolds to a series of tissue-specific applications of scaffolds in tissue engineering for specific biomaterials and several types of tissue (such as skin bone, cartilage, vascular, cardiac, bladder and brain tissue). Furthermore, developments in nano drug delivery, gene therapy and cancer nanotechonology are described. The book helps readers to gain a working knowledge about the nanotechnology aspects of tissue engineering and will be of great use to those involved in building specific tissue substitutes in reaching their objective in a more efficient way. It is aimed for R&D and academic scientists, lab engineers, lecturers and PhD students engaged in the fields of tissue engineering or more generally regenerative medicine, nanomedicine, medical devices, nanofabrication, biofabrication, nano- and biomaterials and biomedical engineering. Provides state-of-the-art knowledge on how nanotechnology can help tackling known problems in tissue engineering Covers materials design, fabrication techniques for tissue-specific applications as well as immunology and toxicology aspects Helps scientists and lab engineers building tissue substitutes in a more efficient way

Space Microsystems and Micro/Nano Satellites covers the various reasoning and diverse applications of small satellites in both technical and regulatory aspects, also exploring the technical and operational innovations that are being introduced in the field. The Space Microsystem developed by the author is systematically introduced in this book, providing information on such topics as MEMS micro-magnetometers, MIMUs (Micro-inertia-measurement unit), micro-sun sensors, micro-star sensors, micro-propellers, micro-relays, etc. The book also examines the new technical standards, removal techniques or other methods that might help to address current problems, regulatory issues and procedures to ameliorate problems associated with small satellites, especially mounting levels of orbital debris and noncompliance with radio frequency and national licensing requirements, liabilities and export controls, Summarizing the scientific research experiences of the author and his team, this book holds a high scientific reference value as it gives readers comprehensive and thorough introductions to the micro/nano satellite and space applications of MEMS technology. Covers various reasoning and diverse applications for small satellites in both technical and regulatory aspects Represents the first publication that systematically introduces the Space Microsystem developed by the author Examines new technical standards, removal techniques and other methods that might help to address current problems, regulatory issues and procedures

Emerging Nanotechnologies in Dentistry, Second Edition, brings together an international team of experts from the fields of materials science, nanotechnology and dentistry to explain these new materials and their applications for the restoration, fixation, replacement or regeneration of hard and soft tissues in and about the oral cavity and craniofacial region. New nanomaterials are leading to a range of emerging dental treatments that utilize more biomimetic materials that more closely duplicate natural tooth structure (or bone, in the case of implants). Each chapter has been comprehensively revised from the first edition, and new chapters cover important advances in graphene based materials for dentistry, liposome based nanocarriers and the neurotoxicity of nanomaterials used in dentistry. Offers a comprehensive professional reference for the subject covering materials fabrication and use of materials for all major diagnostic and therapeutic dental applications: repair, restoration, regeneration, implants and prevention Focuses in depth on the materials manufacturing processes involved, with emphasis on pre-clinical and clinical applications, use and biocompatibility Examines the use of novel nanomaterials including graphene in dentistry, exploring how these may best be used

Nanomaterials for Biosensors: Fundamentals and Applications provides a detailed summary of the main nanomaterials used in biosensing and their application. It covers recent developments in nanomaterials for the fabrication of biosensor devices for healthcare diagnostics, food freshness and bioprocessing. The various processes used for synthesis and characterization of nanostructured materials are examined, along with the design and fabrication of bioelectronic devices using nanostructured materials as building blocks. Users will find the fundamentals of the main nanomaterials used in biosensing, helping them visualize a systematic and coherent picture of how nanomaterials are used in biosensors. The book also addresses the role of bio-conjugation of nanomaterials in the construction of nano-biointerfaces for application in biosensors. Such applications, including metal nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles, nanocomposites, carbon nanotubes, conducting polymers and plasmonic nanostructures in biosensing are discussed relative to each nanomaterial concerned. Finally, recent advancements in protein functionalized nanomaterials for cancer diagnostics and bio-imaging are also included. Provides a detailed study on how nanomaterials are used to enhance sensing capabilities in biosensors Explains the properties, characterization methods and preparation techniques of the nanomaterials used in biosensing Arranged in a material-by-material way, making it clear how each nanomaterial should be used

Engineered Nanopores for Bioanalytical Applications is the first book to focus primarily on practical analytical applications of nanopore development. These nanoscale analytical techniques have exciting potential because they can be used in applications such as DNA sequencing, DNA fragment sizing, DNA/protein binding, and protein/protein binding. This book provides a solid professional reference on nanopores for readers in academia, industry and engineering and biomedical fields. In addition, the book describes the instrumentation, fabrication, and experimental methods necessary to carry out nanopore-based experiments for developing new devices. Includes application case studies for detection, identification and analysis of biomolecules and related functional nanomaterials Introduces the techniques of manufacturing solid state materials with functional nanopores Explains the use of nanopores in DNA sequencing and the wider range of applications from environmental monitoring to forensics

Heat Transfer Enhancement Using Nanofluid Flow in Microchannels: Simulation of Heat and Mass Transfer focuses on the numerical simulation of passive techniques, and also covers the applications of external forces on heat transfer enhancement of nanofluids in microchannels. Economic and environmental incentives have increased efforts to reduce energy consumption. Heat transfer enhancement, augmentation, or intensification are the terms that many scientists employ in their efforts in energy consumption reduction. These can be divided into (a) active techniques which require external forces such as magnetic force, and (b) passive techniques which do not require external forces, including geometry refinement and fluid additives. Gives readers the knowledge they need to be able to simulate nanofluids in a wide range of microchannels and optimise their heat transfer characteristics Contains real-life examples, mathematical procedures, numerical algorithms, and codes to allow readers to easily reproduce the methodologies covered, and to understand how they can be applied in practice Presents novel applications for heat exchange systems, such as entropy generation minimization and figures of merit, allowing readers to optimize the techniques they use Focuses on the numerical simulation of passive techniques, and also covers the applications of external forces on heat transfer enhancement of nanofluids in microchannels

There is a major lack of fundamental knowledge and understanding on the interaction between a filler and the polymer matrix. When it comes to nanoscale fillers, such as layered silicates, carbon nanotubes, graphene or cellulose nanofibers it is even more important to know accurate structure-property relationships as well as identifying the parameters influencing material behavior. The reason for the lack of knowledge on how to process nanocomposites and why there are so few applications is that several scientific fields are affected and a joint effort of those scientific communities involved is necessary – starting from the filler manufacturing or pre-processing over polymer chemistry to the polymer processing. In Polymer Nanoclay Composites, all involved scientific areas are viewed together for the first time, providing an all-embracing coverage of all stages of polymer clay nanocomposites processing from lab-scale to industrial scale – stages from the raw material over manufacturing of polymer clay nanocomposites to characterization and the final products. Readers will gain insight in the physical/chemical pre-processing of layered silicates and their incorporation into a polymer matrix using sophisticated technologies (such as advanced compounding) as well as in real-time quality control of the nanocomposite production and future prospects. The book also describes nanotoxicological and nanosafety aspects. Covers the whole processing route with all aspects of the nanocomposites industry with particular focus on the processing of polymer clay nanocomposites Includes quality control and nanosafety Multidisciplinary approach from an industrial perspective

Microbiorobotics: Biologically Inspired Microscale Robotic Systems, Second Edition presents information on a new engineering discipline that takes a multidisciplinary approach to accomplish precise manipulation of microscale spaces. Microorganisms have evolved various mechanisms to thrive in microscale environments and are therefore a useful tool for use in many applications, ranging from micromanufacturing techniques, to cellular manipulation. In the context of microrobotics, biological microrobots can directly harness the microorganisms for propulsive and sensing power and synthetic microrobots can mimic the microorganisms’ motions for effective locomotion. This second edition covers new advances and insights that have emerged in recent years. Several new chapters have been added on important new research areas, with existing chapters thoroughly revised. In particular, increased coverage is given to fluid dynamics of microswimmers in nature. Gives the reader an understanding of the fundamental changes in dynamics and fabrication techniques in the microenvironment Offers a unique two-pronged approach to microrobotics from a biological perspective, i.e. bioinspired engineering design of biological systems to accomplish engineering tasks Introduces an interdisciplinary readership to the toolkit that micro-organisms offer to micro-engineering

The book will take a systematic look at nanoparticle risks within the paradigm of risk assessment, consider the limitations of this paradigm in dealing with the extreme uncertainties regarding many aspects of nanoparticle exposure and toxicity, and suggest new methods for assessing and managing risks in this context. It will consider the occupational environment where the potential for human exposure is the greatest as well as the issues relevant to occupational exposure assessment (e.g., the exposure metric) and the evidence from toxicological and epidemiological studies. A chapter will be devoted to how conventional risk assessment can be carried out for a candidate nanoparticle (e.g., carbon nanotubes), and the limitations that arise from this approach. We will propose several alternate methods in another chapter including screening assessments and adapting the rich methodological literature on the use of experts for risk assessment. Another chapter will deal with non-occupational populations, their susceptibilities, and life-cycle risk assessments. There will be a chapter on current risk management and regulatory oversight frameworks and their adequacy. This chapter will also include a discussion of U.S. and E.U. approaches to risk assessment, as well as corporate approaches.

Graphene and Related Nanomaterials: Properties and Applications outlines the physics and the applications of graphene-related materials, including graphene, graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes. The first chapter introduces the physics of graphene and related nanomaterials. The following sections deal with different applications spanning from gas sensors to non-volatile memories and supercapacitors. The book also covers spintronics for graphene. In each chapter, specific applications are explained in a detailed way. This book will appeal to materials scientists and engineers looking to understand more about the nature of graphene and how it is currently being used. Explains how particular physical properties of graphene make it suitable for specific applications Explores current applications in sensing and energy Assesses the challenges of using carbon nanomaterials in engineering and evaluates future opportunities Appeals to materials scientists and engineers looking to understand more about the nature of graphene and how it is currently being used

Applied Nanotechnology: The Conversion of Research Results to Products, Third Edition, takes an integrated approach to the scientific, commercial and social aspects of nanotechnology, exploring the relationship between nanotechnology and innovation, the changing economics and business models required to commercialize innovations in nanotechnology, and product design challenges that are investigated through case studies. Applications in various sectors, including composite materials, energy and agriculture are included, as is a section on the role of the government in promoting nanotechnology. In addition, the potential future of molecular self-assembly in industrial production is discussed, along with the ethics and social implications of nanotechnology. This new edition begins a concise introduction to nanotechnology, carefully explaining the relationships between science, technology, wealth and innovation. Next, it focuses on actual products and processes, including the big three areas of application, health, IT and energy. Different types of nanobusiness (upstream, downstream, ancillary etc.), are also carefully delineated, and aspects such as design and realization (e.g., actual fabrication) are also covered, amongst other timely topics. This book offers a vision of the role of nanotechnology in confronting the challenges facing humanity, from healthcare to climate change. Written by an author who has direct, hands-on experience working in a large nanotechnology-based company, in academia as a professor and chair of nanotechnology, and as the co-owner and director of a nanotechnology-based start-up Presents comprehensive coverage in an integrated fashion, not wasting space on trivial details that, if not already known to the reader, can be readily found in generic sources Thoroughly revised, reflecting advances in the field Includes areas that have been expanded into nanotechnology, such as health, and the safety of nano products and processes

Working at the nano-scale demands an understanding of the high-precision measurement techniques that make nanotechnology and advanced manufacturing possible. Richard Leach introduces these techniques to a broad audience of engineers and scientists involved in nanotechnology and manufacturing applications and research. He also provides a routemap and toolkit for metrologists engaging with the rigor of measurement and data analysis at the nano-scale. Starting from the fundamentals of precision measurement, the author progresses into different measurement and characterization techniques. The focus on nanometrology in engineering contexts makes this book an essential guide for the emerging nanomanufacturing / nanofabrication sector, where measurement and standardization requirements are paramount both in product specification and quality assurance. This book provides engineers and scientists with the methods and understanding needed to design and produce high-performance, long-lived products while ensuring that compliance and public health requirements are met. Updated to cover new and emerging technologies, and recent developments in standards and regulatory frameworks, this second edition includes many new sections, e.g. new technologies in scanning probe and e-beam microscopy, recent developments in interferometry and advances in co-ordinate metrology. Demystifies nanometrology for a wide audience of engineers, scientists, and students involved in nanotech and advanced manufacturing applications and research Introduces metrologists to the specific techniques and equipment involved in measuring at the nano-scale or to nano-scale uncertainty Fully updated to cover the latest technological developments, standards, and regulations

Biomolecular Electronics – the electrical control of biological phenomena – is a scientific challenge that, once fully realized, will find a wide range of applications from electronics and computing to medicine and therapeutic techniques.This new arena of biomolecular electronics is approached using familiar concepts from many areas such as electrochemistry, device electronics and some mechanisms of gene expression level control. Practical techniques are explored by which electrical and electronic means can be used to control biological reactions and processes. Also, the current and future applications for this new and expanding field are discussed.This book is aimed at scientists and engineers involved in both research and commercial applications across fields including bioelectronics, bionanotechnology, electrochemistry and nanomedicine – providing a state-of-the-art survey of what's going on at the boundary between biology and electronic technology at the micro- and nano- scales, along with a suggestive insight into future possible developments. Demystifies the science and applications of electrically-driven biological reactions Explains how the techniques of bioelectronics and electrochemistry can be deployed as biological control technologies Provides applications information for diverse areas from bio-electrochemistry to electrical control of gene expression levels

Nano-Glass Ceramics: Processing, Properties and Applications provides comprehensive coverage of synthesis and processing methods, properties and applications of the most important types of nano-glass ceramics, from a unique material science perspective. Emphasis is placed on the experimental and practical aspects of the subject while covering the theoretical and practical aspects and presenting, numerous examples and details of experimental methods. In the discussing the many varied applications of nano-glass ceramics, consideration is given to both, the fields of applications in which the materials are firmly established and the fields where great promise exists for their future exploitation. The methods of investigation adopted by researchers in the various stages of synthesis, nucleation, processing and characterization of glass ceramics are discussed with a focus on the more novel methods and the state of the art in developing nanostructured glass ceramics. Comprehensive coverage of nanostructured glass ceramics with a materials science approach. The first book of this kind Applications-oriented approach, covering current and future applications in numerous fields such as Biomedicine and Electronics Explains the correlations between synthesis parameters, properties and applications guiding R&D researchers and engineers to choose the right material and increase cost-effectiveness

Biofabrication is a practical guide to the novel, inherently cross-disciplinary scientific field that focuses on biomanufacturing processes and a related range of emerging technologies. These processes and technologies ultimately further the development of products that may involve living (cells and/or tissues) and nonliving (bio-supportive proteins, scaffolds) components. The book introduces readers to cell printing, patterning, assembling, 3D scaffold fabrication, cell/tissue-on-chips as a coherent micro-/nano-fabrication toolkit. Real-world examples illustrate how to apply biofabrication techniques in areas such as regenerative medicine, pharmaceuticals and tissue engineering. In addition to being a vital reference for scientists, engineers and technicians seeking to apply biofabrication techniques, this book also provides an insight into future developments in the field, and potential new applications. Discover the multi-disciplinary toolkit provided by biofabrication and apply it to develop new products, techniques and therapies Covers a range of important emerging technologies in a coherent manner: cell printing, patterning, assembling, 3D scaffold fabrication, cell/tissue-on-chips... Readers develop the ability to apply biofabrication technologies through practical examples

Nanotechnology is already having a dramatic impact on improving water quality and the second edition of Nanotechnology Applications for Clean Water highlights both the challenges and the opportunities for nanotechnology to positively influence this area of environmental protection. This book presents detailed information on cutting-edge technologies, current research, and trends that may impact the success and uptake of the applications. Recent advances show that many of the current problems with water quality can be addressed using nanosorbents, nanocatalysts, bioactive nanoparticles, nanostructured catalytic membranes, and nanoparticle enhanced filtration. The book describes these technologies in detail and demonstrates how they can provide clean drinking water in both large scale water treatment plants and in point-of-use systems. In addition, the book addresses the societal factors that may affect widespread acceptance of the applications. Sections are also featured on carbon nanotube arrays and graphene-based sensors for contaminant sensing, nanostructured membranes for water purification, and multifunctional materials in carbon microspheres for the remediation of chlorinated hydrocarbons. Addresses both the technological aspects of delivering clean water supplies and the societal implications that affect take-up Details how the technologies are applied in large-scale water treatment plants and in point-of-use systems Highlights challenges and the opportunities for nanotechnology to positively influence this area of environmental protection