The Diabetic Male's Essential Guide to Living Well
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About this ebook
An up-beat, take-charge daily health care manual for the diabetic
Dr. Juliano's book pulls no punches about the seriousness of diabetes; he has been blind for fifteen years due to his disease and he draws on his own experience to offer hard-won day-to-day advice. He discusses insulin and other medications and stresses the importance of self-home blood-glucose monitoring, exercise, and good nutrition. He is honest about possible long-term complications to the diabetic eye, kidney, and vascular systems, and problems such as male pattern baldness and erectile dysfunction. Above all, he believes in positive thinking to help the diabetic live well. There are a resource guide, bibliography, and selected readings.
Joseph Juliano, M.D.
An insulin-depent diabetic for thirty-six years, Dr. Joseph Juliano is also the co-author of The Diabetic's Innovative Cookbook (Owl Books, 0-8050-3785-3). He lives in central Texas.
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The Diabetic Male's Essential Guide to Living Well - Joseph Juliano, M.D.
1
Gaining a Perspective on Diabetes
Okay, let’s go for it. We will examine the differences between Type I and Type II diabetes mellitus and then explore the history of this very ancient disease. We will briefly look at the role insulin plays for the insulin-dependent diabetic and at the different types of insulin used in today’s modern therapy. Then, we will plunge into a study of oral antidiabetic agents used to control the blood sugar of a non-insulin-dependent diabetic. A clear understanding will be gained as to why a Type I diabetic cannot take pills to control his diabetes and why a Type II diabetic may not have to take pills at all, or may have to take pills and insulin injections together.
A General Discussion of Diabetes Mellitus, Type I and Type II
In 1979 the National Diabetes Data Group, NDDG, part of the National Institutes of Health, determined a new classification of diabetes and other categories of glucose intolerance. If you are insulin-dependent, and therefore must administer your daily insulin dose or doses with a syringe or other insulin delivery device, then you have what is referred to as Type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM. At one time this type of diabetes was referred to as juvenile-onset diabetes or simply juvenile diabetes. This type of diabetes encompasses about 20 percent of all diabetic cases. It is characterized by severe reduction of available insulin in children and young adults. In these cases overt symptoms are present, including polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (excessive thirst), weight loss, and, many times, ketoacidosis. Diabetic ketoacidosis, DKA, is a serious condition of prolonged high blood sugar, increased acid concentration, and decreased bicarbonate along with an accumulation of ketone bodies (see Chapter 9, here).
If you are able to control your diabetes with diet, exercise, and/or oral medication, then you have Type II non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, NIDDM. This type of diabetes was once referred to as adult-onset diabetes. Making up 80 percent of the diabetic population, it is characterized by insulin resistance and usually occurs in patients over the age of forty, with decreased tissue response to their own, endogenous, insulin and/or decreased tissue response to insulin given by injection, an exogenous source.
Onset of Type II diabetes is difficult to determine, and many cases will be asymptomatic for years. Obesity is a problem in 60 to 90 percent of Type II cases. Today, the classifications of Type I and Type II are used so as not to confuse an adult who has been diagnosed with insulin-dependent diabetes. Certainly juvenile-onset diabetes would not be the appropriate designation for this type of diabetes.
There are three key components to managing your diabetes, whether you have Type I or Type II: proper diet, the right amount of exercise, and careful administration of insulin or the oral antidiabetic agent your doctor has prescribed.
One key point you need to understand very clearly: every single case of diabetes is an individual case and thus represents issues, treatments, and particular challenges that are part of that individual’s own genetic makeup. My case of diabetes will be different from yours, and although there may be broad generalizations we can make concerning my diabetes and yours, there will be many differences. Because of this fact, it is imperative that you discuss your case of diabetes with your doctor on a regular basis, to allow him or her to become familiar with your own individual case.
If you have been diagnosed with Type II non-insulin-dependent diabetes, you may find it intriguing that some individuals who have been formally diagnosed with this type of diabetes have been able to regulate their diets so carefully that they no longer have diabetes. A dear friend of mine, Don, was diagnosed with Type II diabetes several years ago, when he was in his mid-fifties. After the initial shock and consequent depression, my extremely disciplined friend did a complete lifestyle about-face when he found he was diabetic. At six feet two inches tall and 190 pounds, cholesterol at 350 mg/dl, triglycerides (blood fats) at 400 plus, he lost fifty pounds and reduced his cholesterol and triglycerides to near-normal levels. He dieted himself out of diabetes and greatly improved his health. The end result of his extremely disciplined dieting was that he lost fifty pounds, yet he was not overweight to begin with. He looked like he was only skin and bones, but more important to him was that he did not have to take any oral medication for his diabetes because his blood sugars were and are now running at normal levels. Some mutual friends and I had a rather frank talk with him and we told him it was time to increase his caloric intake on his diabetic diet so that he would not dry up and blow away. He took our advice and gained some weight and is in great shape today. The moral of this story is that it can be done no matter what, understanding that real dedication and discipline in confronting the challenge of diabetes can result in making the entire process easier to live with and