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    Nginx HTTP Server - Third Edition
    Nginx HTTP Server - Third Edition
    Nginx HTTP Server - Third Edition
    Ebook765 pages5 hours

    Nginx HTTP Server - Third Edition

    By Nedelcu Clément

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    About this ebook

    By covering both the early setup stages and advanced topics, this book suits web administrators who interested in solutions to optimize their infrastructure, whether you are looking into replacing your existing web server software or integrating a new tool to cooperate with applications that are already up and running. If you, your visitors, and your operating system have been disappointed by Apache, this book is exactly what you need.
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherPackt Publishing
    Release dateNov 18, 2015
    ISBN9781785285912
    Nginx HTTP Server - Third Edition

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      Book preview

      Nginx HTTP Server - Third Edition - Nedelcu Clément

      www.packtpub.com/authors.

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      Chapter 1. Downloading and Installing Nginx

      In this chapter, we will begin with the steps necessary to establish a functional setup of Nginx. This process is crucial for the smooth functioning of your web server. There are some required libraries and tools to install the program, some parameters that you will have to decide upon when compiling the binaries, and there may also be some configuration changes to perform on your system.

      This chapter covers the following topics:

      Downloading and installing the prerequisites to compile the Nginx binaries

      Downloading a suitable version of the Nginx source code

      Configuring Nginx compile-time options

      Controlling the application with an init script

      Configuring the system to launch Nginx automatically on startup

      A quick overview of the possibilities offered by the Nginx Plus platform

      Setting up the prerequisites

      We have chosen to download the source code of the application and compile it manually, as opposed to installing it using a package manager, such as Yum, Aptitude, or Yast. There are two reasons for this choice. First, the package may not be available in the enabled repositories of your Linux distribution. In addition, the repositories that offer to download and install Nginx automatically often contain outdated versions. More importantly, you need to configure a variety of significant compile-time options. As a result of this choice of manual setup, your system will require some tools and libraries for the compilation process.

      Depending on the optional modules that you select at compile time, you will perhaps need different prerequisites. You will be guided through the process of installing the most common ones, such as GCC, PCRE, zlib, and OpenSSL.

      Note

      If your operating system offers the possibility to install the Nginx package from a repository, and you are confident enough that the available version will suit all of your needs with the modules included by default, you could consider skipping this chapter altogether and simply run one the following commands. We still recommend getting the latest version and building it from source seeing as it contains the latest bug fixes and security patches. For a Debian-based operating system, run the following command:

      apt-get install nginx

      For Red Hat–based operating systems, use the following command:

      yum install nginx

      Alternatively, you can download and install prebuilt packages from the official Nginx website at http://www.nginx.org.

      The GNU Compiler Collection

      Nginx is a program written in C, so you will first need to install a compiler tool, such as the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC), on your system. GCC may already be present on your system, but if that is not the case, you will have to install it before going any further.

      Note

      GCC is a collection of free open source compilers for various languages: C, C++, Java, Ada, FORTRAN, and so on. It is the most commonly used compiler suite in the Linux world, and Windows versions are also available. It supports a vast number of processors such as x86, AMD64, PowerPC, ARM, MIPS, and more.

      First, make sure GCC isn't already installed on your system by running the following command:

      [alex@example.com ~]$ gcc

      If you get the following output, it means that GCC is correctly installed on your system and you can skip to the next section:

      gcc: no input files

      If you receive the following message, you will have to proceed with the installation of the compiler:

      ~bash: gcc: command not found

      GCC can be installed using the default repositories of your package manager. Depending on your distribution, the package manager will vary—yum for a Red Hat-based distribution, apt for Debian and Ubuntu, yast for SuSE Linux, and so on. Here is the typical way to proceed with the download and installation of the GCC package:

      [root@example.com ~]# yum groupinstall Development Tools

      If you use apt-get to install software packages, run the following command:

      [root@example.com ~]# apt-get install build-essentials

      If you use another package manager with a different syntax, you will probably find the documentation with the man utility. Either way, your package manager should be able to download and install GCC correctly after having solved the dependencies automatically. Note that this command not only installs GCC, it also proceeds with downloading and installing all common requirements to build applications from source, such as code headers and other compilation tools.

      The PCRE library

      The Perl Compatible Regular Expression (PCRE) library is required to compile Nginx. The Rewrite and HTTP core modules of Nginx use PCRE for the syntax of their regular expressions, as you will discover in later chapters. You will need to install two packages: pcre and pcre-devel. The first package provides the compiled version of the library, whereas the second one provides development headers and sources to compile projects, which are required in our case. Here are example commands that you can run in order to install both the

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