Nimitz And Goleman: Study Of A Civilian Leadership Model
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LCDR Derrick A. Dudash USN
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Nimitz And Goleman - LCDR Derrick A. Dudash USN
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Text originally published in 2009 under the same title.
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NIMITZ AND GOLEMAN: STUDY OF A CIVILIAN LEADERSHIP MODEL
By
LCDR Derrick A. Dudash, USN
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS 4
ABSTRACT 5
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 5
ACRONYMS 5
TABLES 6
CHAPTER 1 — INTRODUCTION 7
Background 7
The Leader 9
Primary and Secondary Research Questions 11
Definitions 12
Limitations 12
Delimitations 12
Assumptions 13
Significance of Thesis 13
CHAPTER 2 — LITERATURE REVIEW 14
Doctrine 14
Books 15
Periodicals 17
Other Media 17
CHAPTER 3 — RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 19
CHAPTER 4 — ANALYSIS 26
Coercive 26
Authoritative 28
Affiliative 30
Democratic 34
Pacesetting 38
Coaching 41
CHAPTER 5 — CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 46
Conclusions 46
Recommendations 49
Summary 50
REQUEST FROM THE PUBLISHER 52
REFERENCE LIST 53
Periodical Articles 55
Government Documents 55
Other Sources 55
ABSTRACT
Within a couple of weeks after the attacks on Pearl Harbor in 1941, selected over 28 other senior admirals, Admiral Nimitz took command of the Pacific Fleet and held that command until the Allied Forces won the war in the Pacific almost four years later. He went on to hold the highest office in the U.S. Navy, the Chief of Naval Operations. Nimitz’s ability to lead effectively throughout his career proves that his style of leadership can be a model for any military officer. Even since 1941, the requirement to lead personnel in the Armed Forces has not changed. However, with the advent of information sharing on a global scale, today’s military officers are exposed to a wide range of leadership styles such as one presented by Dr. Daniel Goleman derived from the civilian sector. This study examines in detail Goleman’s leadership model and compares it to Fleet Admiral Nimitz’s style to see if it is feasible for use in the military environment.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Throughout this entire project, many people have lent their guidance, help and support to see it through to completion. I am honored to recognize here those who have freely given their time in support of this thesis.
I would first like to thank my thesis committee. As the thesis chairman, Mr. Eric McMillin provided the wisdom and guidance to help keep my thesis on track to its completion. Dr. John Persyn always ensured that I maintained the proper focus for the paper. Finally, Maj. Jennifer Crawford, Command and General Staff College 2009 Military Instructor of the Year, provided the intricate edits and help needed to complete this thesis. Without this wonderful team of professionals, I could not have accomplished one of the greatest milestones in my professional life. Thank you.
I would be remiss if I did not recognize those family and friends who unconditionally gave their support and encouragement on this endeavor. I would especially like to thank my parents, Terry and Judy, for their unwavering belief in my abilities. Both are outstanding parents and I cannot thank them enough for the opportunities they have given me. Finally, I would like to thank Erica Guthrie for her support and understanding throughout this entire project. I hope the work below is a true testament to the sacrifices made by those above.
ACRONYMS
Adm—Admiral
C2—Command and Control
CGSC—Command and General Staff College
CINCPAC—Commander-in-Chief, Pacific
Gen.—General
NDP—Naval Doctrine Publication
U.S.—United States
USS—United States Ship
TABLES
Table 1. Emotional Intelligence Capabilities and Supporting Competencies
Table 2. Impact of Leadership Styles on Factors of Climate
Table 1. Goleman’s Styles versus Nimitz’s Leadership Style
CHAPTER 1 — INTRODUCTION
This study examines Dr. Daniel Goleman’s civilian leadership model and compares it to the actions and exercise of leadership by Fleet Admiral Chester W. Nimitz during his naval career. In today’s joint professional military education institutions, like the U.S. Army’s Command and General Staff College (CGSC), the students, who are military officers from all branches of the U.S. service and many international countries, explore a curriculum that introduces them to multiple leadership models. Leadership is a cornerstone of any military institution; the same holds true in the civilian sector. However, some military leaders are cautious about accepting a civilian leadership model for fear that its application will not succeed in military culture. This study examines a prominent civilian leadership model against a well-known World War II naval leader to see if a civilian model is appropriate in the military.
Background
Regardless of which branch of the U.S. military young men or women enter to become a military officer, immersion into service culture and tradition begins immediately. Along with their immersion comes their introduction to leadership styles and doctrine. Some services follow large, in-depth leadership manuals while others have smaller, generalized publications. For instance, the U.S. Army’s doctrinal Field Manual (FM) 6-22, Army Leadership is more than 115 pages long while the U.S. Air Force’s Doctrine Document (AFDD) 1-1 is also of comparable length at eighty-two pages. The U.S. Navy differs in that it only addresses the topic of leadership within its seventy pages doctrinal publication titled Naval Doctrine Publication 6 (NDP-6): Naval Command and Control as part of the overarching idea of command and control. This paper is not an area for parochial discussion as to which service has better leadership doctrine. The Army’s and Air Force’s more in-depth manuals provide their officers a more focused approach to leadership, while the Navy’s manual may allow an officer more flexibility in learning and practicing leadership. Each service has its own particular way of handling day-to-day operations. However, as military officers reach field-grade rank and begin working more with other services, interagency, multinational, government, and nongovernment organizations, sticking rigidly to one’s own service leadership doctrine may or may not be a good idea.
Since this thesis compares Goleman’s leadership model to Nimitz, a closer look at today’s naval leadership doctrine, dated 1995, provides a baseline for analyzing Goleman and Nimitz. NDP-6, published by the U.S. Naval Doctrine Command, officially addresses the subject of leadership as it relates to U.S. Navy. In chapter 1, it discusses the elements of command and control, the principal element of which is command (Department of the Navy 1995, 7). It defines command as a function of authority, responsibility and accountability . . . lawfully exercise[d] over subordinates by virtue of rank or assignment
and confirms, [leadership is the cornerstone of effective command
(Department of the Navy 1995, 7).
NDP-6 also discusses the important relationship between the commander’s functions of authority, responsibility and accountability. Commanding is an intensely human activity
and "the element of personal leadership in a naval command should