Desperate Voyage: Donald Crowhurst, The London Sunday Times Golden Globe Race, and the Tragedy of Teignmouth Electron
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About this ebook
Now filmed as The Mercy starring Colin Firth and Rachel Weisz
Windcheck Magazine (Nov/Dec 2016): Absorbing and insightful ... utterly unforgettable.
Practical Sailor Magazine (January 2017): [DESPERATE VOYAGE] adds a new depth of storytelling to a tale of madness that many sailors are familiar with.
Points East Magazine (July 2017): Crowhurst made his own bed, and unfortunately he lay in it, too. He flew too close to the sun, and his story done right, as it is in DESPERATE VOYAGE never grows old.
More Praise:
... A finely honed account of what has become offshore sailing's most enduring story. Drawing on an array of sources, Renehan's Crowhurst is Shakespearean: narcissistic and reviled but also sympathetic, a flawed human consumed by ambition. Although I've known this story forever, Renehan's fresh, haunting narrative had me hoping for a new ending, a better outcome this time around. Alas, it's not to be, you just keep reading until it breaks your heart.
- John Kretschmer, author of Sailing a Serious Ocean, At the Mercy of the Sea, Flirting with Mermaids, and Cape Horn to Starboard
Desperate Voyage provides readers precious insights through concentration on the backstory and how Crowhurst's basic personality drove him inexorably towards disaster, and like a dangerous vortex, dragged his family, friends, and supporters into his sphere. ... Simply fascinating.
- Steven Callahan, New York Times bestselling author of Adrift
Edward Renehan's Desperate Voyage is incisive, haunting, and absorbing. For those, like me, initially unfamiliar with this great sea drama, it is a perfect introduction to the story of Donald Crowhurst and the Golden Globe Race of 1968. Crowhurst is flawed and complicated, a tragic and captivating figure, and Renehan's retelling, Shakespearean in scope, is wonderfully crafted and endlessly fascinating.
- William Boyle, author of the critically-acclaimed Gravesend and Death Don't Have No Mercy
On a dismal day at the end of October, 1968, a weekend sailor by the name of Donald Crowhurst set out from England in a flimsy trimaran, hoping to win the LondonSunday Times "Golden Globe" race and become the first solo sailor to circumnavigate the world non-stop. His was an exercise in over-arching ambition, delusion, and tragedy such as the world has seldom seen. Before it was over, the world media would be subject to a fraud of enormous proportions, and Crowhurst would die a madman in the middle of the Atlantic. What he left behind was a shattered boat, a shattered family, and this incredible story.
Edward Renehan
Edward Renehan is the author of more than twenty books published by Doubleday, Oxford University Press, Crown, and many other imprints. He and his wife live in Wickford, Rhode Island - near Newport.
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Book preview
Desperate Voyage - Edward Renehan
Dedication
DEDICATED TO MY GRANDSON
Conner William Sharp
in the hope that he will always
choose his races wisely,
run them fairly,
and discover his own best self
in the process.
Epigraph
FULL FATHOM FIVE THY father lies;
Of his bones are coral made;
Those are pearls that were his eyes:
Nothing of him that doth fade,
But doth suffer a sea-change
Into something rich and strange.
Sea-nymphs hourly ring his knell:
Ding-dong.
Hark! now I hear them—Ding-dong, bell.
William Shakespeare
The Tempest
TEIGNMOUTH ELECTRON as she looks today on Cayman Brac. Photos: Eric Loss. All rights reserved. Used by permission.
Introduction
CLOSE TO THE SHORE on lonely Cayman Brac – 90 miles (145 km) northeast of Grand Cayman and five and a half miles (9 km) east of Little Cayman – a savaged hull and two smaller rotted floats protrude from a cluster of beach pines. The boat – once a sharp-looking trimaran – is as broken as a vessel can be, and as broken as an ill-founded pipe dream inevitably becomes. Souvenir hunters have carved out places on the bow where the boat's name, Teignmouth Electron, once appeared. At the stern a visitor has scrawled the words dream Boat
[sic]. This is all that's left of Donald Crowhurst's ill-fated voyage of 1968/69 – this along with a shattered family, and a story. More accurately: a cautionary tale about self-desceit, misguided ambition, and – on the part of some, though not Crowhurst – hubris.
Many thousands of miles away, in a cottage near Seaton – less than an hour from the Devon coastal town of Teignmouth from which Donald Crowhurst set out on the last day of October, 1968 – Crowhurst's elderly widow Clare sits and contemplates the past. For years I thought [Donald] could have survived,
she has told BBC journalist Chris Eakin. Now, I think he definitely died at that time. But how he died? I find it impossible, knowing the person, to believe that he committed suicide. I still find that impossible to believe. ... I think of him every single day ... . It has been a disaster. I think it has been a disaster for the children even more, their father being missing which is, God knows, enough, but it has shaped their lives, without doubt.
THE LONDON Sunday Times Golden Globe Race of 1968 and 1969 remains one of the truly great sea-going epochs of modern times. The Golden Globe Trophy was to go to the first entrant who completed a solo non-stop round-the-world voyage under sail via the three great capes of the Southern Ocean (South Africa's Cape of Good Hope, Australia's Cape Leeuwin, and Chile's Cape Horn) – a feat never before accomplished. Since participants would be leaving from different ports within a time-window of several months, a second prize of £5,000 would go to the sailor recognized for the fastest completion of the same voyage, this calculated on a lapsed-time basis. Entrants were permitted to leave any port of their choice (that is, any port above 40° N) at any time between 1st June and 31st October 1968. (Departure much later than 31st October would have put an entrant in the perilous Southern Ocean – the notorious Roaring Forties
– at the start of the Southern winter, when genuinely treacherous waters became even more-so.) To qualify for the lapsed-time award, entrants had to depart from and arrive at a port in Britain.
The eventual winner of both the Golden Globe and the lapsed-time race, Robin Knox-Johnston, was a seasoned 28-year-old sailor and merchant officer who sailed a 32-foot Bermudan ketch. The other major entrants – Frenchmen Bernard Moitessier and Loïck Fougeron, Italian Alex Carozzo (the so-called Chichester of Italy
), and Brits Bill Leslie King, John Ridgway, Chay Blyth, Nigel Tetley, and Donald Crowhurst – ran the gamut of personalities, experience, and sailing craft.
Of all these, Donald Crowhurst was the least likely and, ultimately, the most tragic.
IN 1970, NOT LONG AFTER Donald Crowhurst's death, Nicholas Tomalin and Ron Hall assembled a masterful narrative entitled The Strange Last Voyage of Donald Crowhurst, this published in England by Hoddard & Stoughton. Today the book remains a true classic of maritime literature. However, there is new information. Documentaries produced and interviews published in the years after The Strange Last Voyage of Donald Crowhurst allow for enhanced insights with regard to several key aspects of the story. I endeavor to make maximum use of all these materials. As well, concerns that Tomalin and Hall quite rightly had regarding libel have gone away with the deaths of two key players whose roles in Crowhurst's misadventure were at times less than honorable: businessman Stanley Best and publicist Rodney Hallworth. Thus I hope to shed more light on the story than could be done in 1970.
Edward Renehan
Wickford, RI
14 July 2016
Chapter One: Forerunners
THE FIRST DOCUMENTED solo circumnavigation of the globe was, of course, that of native Nova Scotian Joshua Slocum. Slocum's voyage – transacted aboard the Spray, a rebuilt 36' 9" (11.2 m) gaff-rigged oyster sloop – took place from 24th April 1895 to 27th June 1898, departing from Boston and arriving at Newport, RI. Slocum made many stops along the way to rest himself and refit his vessel, and used the Strait of Magellan rather than braving Cape Horn.
Somewhat astonishingly, Slocum – by his own account in his 1899 book Saling Alone Around the World – relied primarily on pure traditional dead reckoning for calculating longitude, using a simple clock rather than the standard chronometer. And he calculated latitude using noon-sun sights. (During one extended passage he verified his longitude calculations by shooting a lunar observation – but he did this only once throughout his entire circumnavigation.)
Importantly, Slocum's vessel seems to have been especially well-configured for single-handed sailing. Given an optimal length-of-sail plan in relation to the hull, and an extended keel, the sloop seemed almost made to accommodate self-steering. Slocum was easily able to balance the Spray on a steady course in any wind simply by lashing the helm and adjusting or reefing sails as necessary. According to his book, Slocum sailed a full 2000 miles (3,200 km) west across the Pacific without touching the helm.
Slocum's Sailing Alone Around the World became a bestseller both in the United States and Europe. Royalties and fees for public appearances – including bringing his Spray up the Hudson and through the Erie Canal to Buffalo's Pan American Exhibition during the summer of 1901 – brought him a measure of financial security. However, in his last years both his finances and his mental stability failed. He effectively abandoned his wife and family, settling them on a small farm at West Tisbury on Martha's Vineyard, and lived alone aboard the increasingly rundown Spray, which he sailed from port to port along the American east coast, giving talks and selling books when he could. Slocum and the Spray were lost at sea in November or December of 1909 during a voyage from New England to the West Indies, where Slocum had intended to winter.
The second man to solo circumnavigate the world was American Harry Pidgeon.
A photographer by trade, the 47-year-old Iowa native built his 34-foot yawl Islander alone, by hand, over the years 1917 and 1918, at a cost of