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    Degenerative Arthritis (Osteoarthritis) A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
    Degenerative Arthritis (Osteoarthritis) A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
    Degenerative Arthritis (Osteoarthritis) A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
    Ebook124 pages1 hour

    Degenerative Arthritis (Osteoarthritis) A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions

    By Kenneth Kee

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    About this ebook

    Degenerative Arthritis (Osteoarthritis) is a degenerative medical disorder of the joints in the human body.
    Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder.
    It is mainly due to aging and wear and tear on a joint.
    The cartilage lining of the joint is worn down such that the underlying bone comes into contact with each other.
    Also bone spurs may form and the joint fluid is reduced.
    This produces mechanical and chemical reactions giving rise to the symptoms of Osteoarthritis such as pain and dysfunction.
    Genetics has been found to have role in the predisposition of Osteoarthritis
    Aging is a risk factor of Osteoarthritis.
    Being overweight increases the risk of OA in the hip, knee, ankle, and foot joints.
    Excessive physical activity is a potentially correctable cause of Osteoarthritis.
    Trauma or injury is a common cause of Osteoarthritis in the younger age groups due to sports and work injuries.
    Jobs that involve kneeling, or squatting, for more than an hour a day or that affect climbing stairs, lifting, or walking increase the risk of OA.
    Diagnosis is based on:
    1. Joint movement that causes a crackling (grating) sound, called crepitation
    2. Joint swelling (bones around the joints may feel larger than normal)
    3. Limited range of motion
    The diagnostic features that can be seen on X-ray are:
    a. Loss of the joint space
    b. Wearing down of the ends of the bone
    c. Bone spurs (osteophytes)
    Physical treatment can help increase the muscle strength and the mobility of stiff joints as well as the balance.
    If treatment does not make the patient feel better after 6 to 8 weeks, then it likely will not work at all.
    Braces and splints may assist in supporting weakened joints.
    Symptom modifying drugs help to relieve the symptoms such as NSAIDs.
    Intra-articular corticosteroid injections should be regarded as an addition to core treatments for the relief of moderate-to-severe pain in people with OA.
    1. Joint aspiration is a method where the excess fluid from the swollen joint is aspirated or removed, helping to reduce the tension and bring relief for a while.
    2. Vasosupplementation is a method whereby a lubricant is injected into the affected joint to reduce the frictional wear of the joint surfaces.
    Severe patients of OA might require surgery to replace or repair injured joints.
    Total or partial replacement of the permanently injured joint with an artificial joint (knee replacement, hip replacement etc) is a method to replace the diseased part of the joint permitting painless good range of movement.

    TABLE OF CONTENT
    Introduction
    Chapter 1 Degenerative Arthritis (Osteoarthritis)
    Chapter 2 Causes
    Chapter 3 Symptoms
    Chapter 4 Diagnosis
    Chapter 5 Treatment
    Chapter 6 Prognosis
    Chapter 7 Rheumatoid Arthritis
    Chapter 8 Gouty Arthritis
    Epilogue

    Osteoarthritis is one of the commonest joint diseases in old age.
    Generally women are affected more than men.
    One of my first patients was an old lady who shared her provision shop with a Chinese medicine shop.
    She had pain in both knees for some time now but Western and Chinese medicine and treatment could not help her.
    I was able to give intra-articular injections into her knees which relieved her pain for several years.
    Because of this she and the proprietor of the Chinese medicine shop would recommend customers to see me when the Chinese medicines did not help to relieve the pain.
    It was through them that I develop a reputation for treating joint pains.
    I always tell my patients that there was no ‘cure’ but temporary relief.

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherKenneth Kee
    Release dateNov 9, 2016
    ISBN9781370793648
    Degenerative Arthritis (Osteoarthritis) A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
    Author

    Kenneth Kee

    Medical doctor since 1972.Started Kee Clinic in 1974 at 15 Holland Dr #03-102, relocated to 36 Holland Dr #01-10 in 2009.Did my M.Sc (Health Management ) in 1991 and Ph.D (Healthcare Administration) in 1993.Dr Kenneth Kee is still working as a family doctor at the age of 74However he has reduced his consultation hours to 3 hours in the morning and 2 hours inthe afternoon.He first started writing free blogs on medical disorders seen in the clinic in 2007 on http://kennethkee.blogspot.com.His purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of his patients which is also his dissertation for his Ph.D (Healthcare Administration). He then wrote an autobiography account of his journey as a medical student to family doctor on his other blog http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.comThis autobiography account “A Family Doctor’s Tale” was combined with his early “A Simple Guide to Medical Disorders” into a new Wordpress Blog “A Family Doctor’s Tale” on http://ken-med.com.From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 1000 eBooks.He apologized for typos and spelling mistakes in his earlier books.He will endeavor to improve the writing in futures.Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.The later books go into more details of medical disorders.He has published 1000 eBooks on various subjects on health, 1 autobiography of his medical journey, another on the autobiography of a Cancer survivor, 2 children stories and one how to study for his nephew and grand-daughter.The purpose of these simple guides is to educate patient on health disorders and not meant as textbooks.He does not do any night duty since 2000 ever since Dr Tan had his second stroke.His clinic is now relocated to the Buona Vista Community Centre.The 2 units of his original clinic are being demolished to make way for a new Shopping Mall.He is now doing some blogging and internet surfing (bulletin boards since the 1980's) startingwith the Apple computer and going to PC.The entire PC is upgraded by himself from XT to the present Pentium duo core.The present Intel i7 CPU is out of reach at the moment because the CPU is still expensive.He is also into DIY changing his own toilet cistern and other electric appliance.His hunger for knowledge has not abated and he is a lifelong learner.The children have all grown up and there are 2 grandchildren who are even more technically advanced than the grandfather where mobile phones are concerned.This book is taken from some of the many articles in his blog (now with 740 posts) A Family Doctor’s Tale.Dr Kee is the author of:"A Family Doctor's Tale""Life Lessons Learned From The Study And Practice Of Medicine""Case Notes From A Family Doctor"

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      Book preview

      Degenerative Arthritis (Osteoarthritis) A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions - Kenneth Kee

      Degenerative Arthritis

      (Osteoarthritis)

      A

      Simple

      Guide

      To

      The Condition,

      Diagnosis,

      Treatment

      And

      Related Conditions

      By

      Dr Kenneth Kee

      M.B.,B.S. (Singapore)

      Ph.D (Healthcare Administration)

      Copyright Kenneth Kee 2016 Smashwords Edition

      Published by Kenneth Kee at Smashwords.com

      Dedication

      This book is dedicated

      To my wife Dorothy

      And my children

      Carolyn, Grace

      And Kelvin

      This book describes the Degenerative Arthritis (Osteoarthritis), Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases which is seen in some of my patients in my Family Clinic.

      (What You Need to Treat Osteoarthritis)

      This eBook is licensed for the personal enjoyment only. This eBook may not be re-sold or given away to other people. If you would like to share this book with another person, please purchase an additional copy for each reader.

      If you’re reading this book and did not purchase it, or it was not purchased for your use only, then please return to Smashwords.com and purchase your own copy.

      Thank you for respecting the hard work of this author.

      Introduction

      I have been writing medical articles for my blog http://kennethkee.blogspot.com (A Simple Guide to Medical Condition) for the benefit of my patients since 2007.

      My purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of my patients.

      Health Education was also my dissertation for my Ph.D (Healthcare Administration).

      I then wrote an autobiolographical account of his journey as a medical student to family doctor on his other blog http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.com.

      This autobiolographical account A Family Doctor’s Tale was combined with my early A Simple Guide to Medical Conditions into a new Wordpress Blog A Family Doctor’s Tale on http://kenkee481.wordpress.com.

      From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 700 amazon kindle books and some into Smashwords.com eBooks.

      Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.

      For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.

      The later books go into more details of medical conditions.

      The first chapter is always from my earlier blogs which unfortunately tends to have typos and spelling mistakes.

      Since 2013, I have tried to improve my spelling and writing.

      As I tried to bring you the latest information about a condition or illness by reading the latest journals both online and offline, I find that I am learning more and improving on my own medical knowledge in diagnosis and treatment for my patients.

      Just by writing all these simple guides I find that I have learned a lot from your reviews (good or bad), criticism and advice.

      I am sorry for the repetitions in these simple guides as the second chapters onwards have new information as compared to my first chapter taken from my blog.

      I also find repetition definitely help me and maybe some readers to remember the facts in the books more easily.

      I apologize if these repetitions are irritating to some readers.

      Chapter 1

      Degenerative Arthritis (Osteoarthritis):

      Degenerative Arthritis (Osteoarthritis):

      Osteoarthritis is one of the commonest joint diseases in old age.

      Generally women are affected more than men.

      One of my first patients was an old lady who shared her provision shop with a Chinese medicine shop.

      She had pain in both knees for some time now but Western and Chinese medicine and treatment could not help her.

      I was able to give intra-articular injections into her knees which relieved her pain for several years.

      Because of this she and the proprietor of the Chinese medicine shop would recommend customers to see me when the Chinese medicines did not help to relieve the pain.

      It was through them that I develop a reputation for treating joint pains.

      I always tell my patients that there was no ‘cure’ but temporary relief.

      There was a patient of 35 years old who had knee joints pain after doing some taichi exercises.

      After the injections she recovered and after my advice on avoiding climbing stairs and practicing tai-chi she did not have any problems with her knees up to today.

      Injections of steroids are the most effective for short term treatment but not for long term because of its side effects of osteoporosis and steroid related adverse effects.

      I had found that injections of glucosamine (Viatril S) in 2001 not effective in relieving the joint pain.

      As for hyaluronidase intra-articular injections (Synvisc and Hyalgan), the effect were not so great especially for its cost.

      I have given a few patients these injections for osteoarthritis without so much effect as steroid injections.

      In the long run surgical replacement of the joint may be required for badly deformed poorly functional joints.

      What is Degenerative Arthritis (Osteoarthritis)?

      Degenerative Arthritis (Osteoarthritis) is a degenerative medical disorder of the joints in the human body.

      Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder.

      It is mainly due to aging and wear and tear on a joint.

      The cartilage lining of the joint is worn down such that the underlying bone comes into contact with each other.

      Also bone spurs may form and the joint fluid is reduced.

      This produces mechanical and chemical reactions giving rise to the symptoms of Osteoarthritis.

      What causes Osteoarthritis?

      OA is characterized by localized loss of cartilage, re-modelling of adjacent bone and associated inflammation.

      A range of injuries may activate the need for a joint to repair itself.

      OA is a slow but efficient recovery process that often tries to

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