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    Urethral Syndrome, (Urination Disorder) A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
    Urethral Syndrome, (Urination Disorder) A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
    Urethral Syndrome, (Urination Disorder) A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
    Ebook78 pages39 minutes

    Urethral Syndrome, (Urination Disorder) A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions

    By Kenneth Kee

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    Urethral Syndrome
    Recently I had seen a few cases of painful and difficult urination or dysuria.
    I was going to write on dysuria but decided on Urethral Syndrome instead which has urinary frequency, urgency, dysuria, and supra-pubic discomfort as part of its syndrome and have a special chapter on dysuria.
    What is Urethral Syndrome?
    Urethral syndrome is defined as a medical disorder with lower urinary tract symptoms (urinary frequency, urgency, dysuria, and supra-pubic discomfort) but with no recognized urinary pathogen cultured from urine or any other objective discovery of urological defect.
    The diagnosis of urethral syndrome is made based on the history, negative urine cultures, dynamic cystourethroscopy and urodynamic studies.
    The term urethral syndrome is now controversial as there are no guided diagnostic criteria and there is some overlap with other diagnoses – e.g., interstitial cystitis.
    The most frequent cause of Urethral Syndrome is urethral stenosis.
    Presently other causes are:
    1. Hormone imbalances,
    2. Inflamed Skene glands and paraurethral glands (the "female prostate"),
    3. Allergy to certain foods,
    4. Environmental chemicals (e.g., douches, bubble bath, soaps, contraceptive gels, condoms),
    5. Hypersensitivity following urinary tract infection, and
    6. Trauma during sexual intercourse.
    Following the early pain-causing episode, patients with urethral syndrome have both involuntary spasms and voluntary contraction of the pelvic musculature during the painful episode, which, besides any residual irritant or re-injury, begins a vicious circle of worsening poor function of the pelvic floor muscles.
    Symptoms normally are:
    1. Supra-pubic discomfort,
    2. Dysuria, and
    3. Urinary frequency
    Diagnosis is by:
    1. Urine dipstick analysis
    2. Midstream specimen of urine for microscopy, culture and sensitivities.
    3. Urethral swab for chlamydia, chlamydial-antigens in first-pass urine sample.
    If there are chlamydia-negative and persistent symptoms, a sample is taken by supra-pubic aspiration or urethral catheterization and culture for 'fastidious' or slow-growing organisms.
    Any organisms detected in this way are medically significant.
    If no infection is found, consider cystoscopy to exclude non-infective causes.
    Further investigations may also include pelvic ultrasound, MRI scan, intravenous urography and urodynamic studies.
    General treatments

    1. Any psychological problems should be identified and may require treatment but they are often not relevant

    Behavioral treatment (such as biofeedback, meditation, and hypnosis) has been used with some success.

    Biofeedback has the most promise in patients whose symptoms are because of a failure to loosen up the pelvic muscles during urination.

    Attempts at relaxation while undergoing electromyelography monitoring can help the patient retrain their muscles to allow them to void normally.

    2. Highly acidic foods, including spicy foods, should be avoided that may worsen syndromes
    a. Alcohol and other beverages
    b. Condiments
    c. Fruits
    d. Juices
    e. Salad dressings
    f. Snacks
    g. Vegetables
    h. Miscellaneous foods
    3. Exercise and massage programs can be very helpful.
    4. Urethral massage may help by increasing drainage of mucus from chronically infected periurethral glands.
    Medicine
    1. Treatment of urinary tract infections and chlamydial urethritis
    2. Vaginal estrogen cream in patients with atrophic urethritis.
    Other Medicines are:
    1. Hormone replacement
    2. Anesthetics
    3. Antispasmodics
    4. Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
    5. Muscle relaxants
    6. Alpha-blockers
    The previous surgery used to treat urethral syndrome has been urethral dilation.
    InterStim therapy and YAG laser ablation can reduce or eliminate symptoms.

    TABLE OF CONTENT
    Introduction
    Chapter 1 Urethral Synd

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherKenneth Kee
    Release dateAug 5, 2017
    ISBN9781370878420
    Urethral Syndrome, (Urination Disorder) A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
    Author

    Kenneth Kee

    Medical doctor since 1972.Started Kee Clinic in 1974 at 15 Holland Dr #03-102, relocated to 36 Holland Dr #01-10 in 2009.Did my M.Sc (Health Management ) in 1991 and Ph.D (Healthcare Administration) in 1993.Dr Kenneth Kee is still working as a family doctor at the age of 74However he has reduced his consultation hours to 3 hours in the morning and 2 hours inthe afternoon.He first started writing free blogs on medical disorders seen in the clinic in 2007 on http://kennethkee.blogspot.com.His purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of his patients which is also his dissertation for his Ph.D (Healthcare Administration). He then wrote an autobiography account of his journey as a medical student to family doctor on his other blog http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.comThis autobiography account “A Family Doctor’s Tale” was combined with his early “A Simple Guide to Medical Disorders” into a new Wordpress Blog “A Family Doctor’s Tale” on http://ken-med.com.From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 1000 eBooks.He apologized for typos and spelling mistakes in his earlier books.He will endeavor to improve the writing in futures.Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.The later books go into more details of medical disorders.He has published 1000 eBooks on various subjects on health, 1 autobiography of his medical journey, another on the autobiography of a Cancer survivor, 2 children stories and one how to study for his nephew and grand-daughter.The purpose of these simple guides is to educate patient on health disorders and not meant as textbooks.He does not do any night duty since 2000 ever since Dr Tan had his second stroke.His clinic is now relocated to the Buona Vista Community Centre.The 2 units of his original clinic are being demolished to make way for a new Shopping Mall.He is now doing some blogging and internet surfing (bulletin boards since the 1980's) startingwith the Apple computer and going to PC.The entire PC is upgraded by himself from XT to the present Pentium duo core.The present Intel i7 CPU is out of reach at the moment because the CPU is still expensive.He is also into DIY changing his own toilet cistern and other electric appliance.His hunger for knowledge has not abated and he is a lifelong learner.The children have all grown up and there are 2 grandchildren who are even more technically advanced than the grandfather where mobile phones are concerned.This book is taken from some of the many articles in his blog (now with 740 posts) A Family Doctor’s Tale.Dr Kee is the author of:"A Family Doctor's Tale""Life Lessons Learned From The Study And Practice Of Medicine""Case Notes From A Family Doctor"

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      Book preview

      Urethral Syndrome, (Urination Disorder) A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions - Kenneth Kee

      Urethral Syndrome,

      (Urination Disorder)

      A

      Simple

      Guide

      To

      The Condition,

      Diagnosis,

      Treatment

      And

      Related Conditions

      By

      Dr Kenneth Kee

      M.B.,B.S. (Singapore)

      Ph.D (Healthcare Administration)

      Copyright Kenneth Kee 2017 Smashwords Edition

      Published by Kenneth Kee at Smashwords.com

      Dedication

      This book is dedicated

      To my wife Dorothy

      And my children

      Carolyn, Grace

      And Kelvin

      This book describes Urethral Syndrome (Urination Disorder), Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases which is seen in some of my patients in my Family Clinic.

      (What You Need to Treat Urethral Syndrome)

      This eBook is licensed for the personal enjoyment only. This eBook may not be re-sold or given away to other people. If you would like to share this book with another person, please purchase an additional copy for each reader.

      If you’re reading this book and did not purchase it, or it was not purchased for your use only, then please return to Smashwords.com and purchase your own copy.

      Thank you for respecting the hard work of this author.

      Introduction

      I have been writing medical articles for my blog http://kennethkee.blogspot.com (A Simple Guide to Medical Condition) for the benefit of my patients since 2007.

      My purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of my patients.

      Health Education was also my dissertation for my Ph.D (Healthcare Administration).

      I then wrote an autobiolographical account of his journey as a medical student to family doctor on his other blog http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.com.

      This autobiolographical account A Family Doctor’s Tale was combined with my early A Simple Guide to Medical Conditions into a new Wordpress Blog A Family Doctor’s Tale on http://kenkee481.wordpress.com.

      From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 800 amazon kindle books and 200 into Smashwords.com eBooks.

      Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.

      For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.

      The later books go into more details of medical conditions.

      The first chapter is always from my earlier blogs which unfortunately tends to have typos and spelling mistakes.

      Since 2013, I have tried to improve my spelling and writing.

      As I tried to bring you the latest information about a condition or illness by reading the latest journals both online and offline, I find that I am learning more and improving on my own medical knowledge in diagnosis and treatment for my patients.

      Just by writing all these simple guides I find that I have learned a lot from your reviews (good or bad), criticism and advice.

      I am sorry for the repetitions in these simple guides as the second chapters onwards have new information as compared to my first chapter taken from my blog.

      I also find repetition definitely help me and maybe some readers to remember the facts in the books more easily.

      I apologize if these repetitions are irritating to some readers.

      Chapter 1

      Urethral Syndrome

      Recently I had seen a few cases of painful and difficult urination or dysuria.

      I was going

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