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    Technical and Vocational Education and Training in Viet Nam: An Assessment
    Technical and Vocational Education and Training in Viet Nam: An Assessment
    Technical and Vocational Education and Training in Viet Nam: An Assessment
    Ebook280 pages2 hours

    Technical and Vocational Education and Training in Viet Nam: An Assessment

    By Asian Development Bank

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    This publication is an assessment of major trends, strengths, and issues in the technical and vocational education and training subsector, focusing on formal skills development programs operated by the General Department of Vocational Training of the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs of the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam. It analyzes the country's technical and vocational training system as well as subsector policies and strategies. Data on related issues (such as growth in employment, education indicators, and enrollment rates) were collected, consolidated, and displayed in tabular form to give readers an overall picture and comprehensive view of the development of the subsector.
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherAsian Development Bank
    Release dateSep 1, 2014
    ISBN9789292544638
    Technical and Vocational Education and Training in Viet Nam: An Assessment

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      Book preview

      Technical and Vocational Education and Training in Viet Nam - Asian Development Bank

      TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING IN THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIET NAM

      AN ASSESSMENT

      © 2014 Asian Development Bank

      All rights reserved. Published in 2014.

      Printed in the Philippines.

      ISBN 978-92-9254-462-1 (Print), 978-92-9254-463-8 (PDF)

      Publication Stock No. RPT146301

      Cataloging-in-Publication Data

      Asian Development Bank.

      Technical and vocational education and training in the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam: An assessment.

      Mandaluyong City, Philippines: Asian Development Bank, 2014.

      1. Technical education.    2. Vocational training.    3. Viet Nam.    I. Asian Development Bank.

      The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) or its Board of Governors or the governments they represent.

      ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use.

      By making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area, or by using the term country in this document, ADB does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

      ADB encourages printing or copying information exclusively for personal and noncommercial use with proper acknowledgment of ADB. Users are restricted from reselling, redistributing, or creating derivative works for commercial purposes without the express, written consent of ADB.

      Note:

      In this report, $ refers to US dollars.

      6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City

      1550 Metro Manila, Philippines

      Tel +63 2 632 4444

      Fax +63 2 636 2444

      www.adb.org

      For orders, please contact:

      Public Information Center

      Fax +63 2 636 2584

      adbpub@adb.org

      Contents

      Figures and Tables

      Acknowledgments

      This publication is an assessment of the major trends, strengths, and issues in the technical and vocational education and training (TVET) subsector in the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam. It focuses on formal skills development programs operated by the General Department of Vocational Training (GDVT) in the Ministry of Labour–Invalids and Social Affairs (MOLISA) of the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam. The assessment covers analyses of the country’s technical and vocational training system as well as subsector policies and strategies. Data on other related issues (such as growth in employment, education indicators, and enrollment rates) were collected, consolidated and displayed in tables to provide the reader with a comprehensive view of the development of the subsector.

      This publication benefited from, and is based upon, an earlier study entitled Technical-Vocational Education and Training in Viet Nam, which was undertaken for the Asian Development Bank (ADB) in 2009 by Richard Johanson. The publication was updated and edited by Eiko Izawa, senior education specialist; Yasushi Hirosato, former principal education specialist; and Wendy Duncan, former ADB principal education specialist. Leah C. Gutierrez, director of the Human and Social Development Division, provided a review as well as technical and editorial inputs. Maricel Bolado and Nguyen Ngoc Thuy, operations assistants, provided administrative support and coordination.

      Special thanks go to Do Minh Hoai, former deputy director of the Vocational Training Projects Management Unit in GDVT, MOLISA. He provided valuable advice on updating the report to reflect the current situation, and to predict future developments. Assisting him in gathering data were staff of the Vocational Training Projects Management Unit; Mai Phuong, Le Minh Thuy, and Le Phuong Anh. The former director general of GDVT, Phan Chinh Thuc, also made valuable inputs into the assessment.

      Currency Equivalents

      (as of 13 March 2014)

      Currency Unit – dong (D)

      D1.00 = $0.000047

      $1.00 = D21,085.00

      Notes:

      Abbreviations

      Introduction I

      1. This assessment analyzes the major trends, strengths, and issues of the technical and vocational education and training (TVET) subsector in Viet Nam. The strategic investment priorities of the Government of Viet Nam, and of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), in the education and training sector are documented, and potential future directions for external assistance are identified. The assessment focuses on formal skills development programs under the Ministry of Labour–Invalids and Social Affairs (MOLISA), specifically in the General Directorate of Vocational Training (GDVT). The document does not investigate MOLISA’s large program of nonformal skills development, or formal TVET at the upper secondary level under the Ministry of Education and Training (MOET).

      2. Viet Nam’s poverty reduction and economic growth achievements in the past 20 years are a success story in economic development. Prior to the global economic crisis, Viet Nam was one of the fastest growing economies in Southeast Asia, and has remained so in the postcrisis period. In 2009, it joined the ranks of lower middle-income countries. Exports have been the main drivers for growth, and foreign investments have been buoyant. This economic growth has changed the economic structure of Viet Nam. The share of industry and services in the country’s gross domestic product (GDP) has steadily increased, while the share of agriculture, including fisheries and forestry, has declined. The government plans to reduce the contribution of agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, and to increase even further the contribution of industry and services.

      3. Job growth in Viet Nam has been strong over the decade, with changing employment patterns that reflect the changes in the economic structure. Agriculture’s share of employment has declined, while industry and service sector employment has increased. Employment growth has been highest in industry and services, but has also been strong in tourism. Information technology, science, and technology-based industries have remained small but are growing. If Viet Nam is to expand as an industrialized country, it must develop highly skilled industrial workers who can increase enterprise productivity, product quality, and service standards. Viet Nam’s long-term prosperity and economic development depends on increasing its competitiveness in regional and global markets. In recent years, a shortage of labor has become an obstacle to expanding business.¹

      4. The growth in industry and services is expected to further intensify over the coming decade. Projections indicate that the demand for skilled labor in particular will continue to grow strongly. At

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