The Psalms: Volume 4 - Savouring Choice Selections
By Hayes Press
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This final volume in the series explores a number of individual psalms.
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The Psalms - Hayes Press
CHAPTER ONE: AN INTRODUCTION TO THE PSALMS
THE BOOK OF THE PSALMS which served as the songbook of the temple singers forms one of the most delightful parts of the Bible. It is unknown who compiled the book of the Psalms. It is divided into five books like the book of the Law, but though the book of the Law is now divided into five books, it was originally only one book. The LORD referred to it when speaking to Joshua at the beginning of his leadership of Israel as This book of the Law.
He further said, that it shall not depart out of thy mouth, but thou shalt meditate therein day and night, that thou mayest observe to do according to all that is written therein: for then ... thou shalt have good success
(Joshua 1.8).
From this, as well as from other scriptures, we see that it is impossible for any man to lead the people of God in any age who has not an extensive and accurate knowledge of the Holy Scriptures. Let him be as wise a man as he may be and a careful administrator as well, yet the time will come when he will go astray unless he knows and adheres to the word of God.
It is probable, in contrast to the book of the Law, that the book of the Psalms was divided into five books from the first. The psalms are the heart-breathings of the writers, and as the temple singers sang these words to the accompaniment of the sacred music of the musical instruments, both stringed and wind instruments, the hearts of God’s people of old were moved toward God. We can well imagine the effect it would have on the hearers; they would be moved as standing corn before the summer wind. Their emotions would be stirred, and without the emotion of the heart being stirred God gets little from a professedly worshipping people. It is possible to be as clear and as cold as an icicle in our exercises before God. The psalms contain great movements of the heart. In times of deep depression of the heart there escape from the lips of the writers the most soul-moving cries to God, and in moments of joy the exulting words of the psalm-writers rise to great heights. The service of song was introduced into the service of the LORD as given through Moses in the wilderness, by David, Gad and Nathan, as we read in the time of Hezekiah:
And he [Hezekiah] set the Levites in the house of the LORD with cymbals, with psalteries, and with harps, according to the commandment of David, and of Gad the king’s seer, and Nathan the prophet: for the commandment was of the LORD by His prophets. And the Levites stood with the instruments of David, and the priests with the trumpets (the silver trumpets). And Hezekiah commanded to offer the burnt offering upon the altar. And when the burnt offering began, the song of the LORD began also, and the trumpets, together with the instruments of David king of Israel. And all the congregation worshipped, and the singers sang, and the trumpeters sounded; all this continued until the burnt offering was finished. And when they had made an end of offering, the king and all that were present with him bowed themselves and worshipped
(2 Chronicles 29.25-29).
It is important to observe that the service of song did not supersede the service of annual sacrifices upon the altar. There could be no acceptance of man or his service except through a burnt offering. Thus the sorrow of death and the joy of life through death are seen in this service in which David was undoubtedly the prime mover, though the prophets Gad and Nathan were joined with him in the institution of the new service of song, an addition to the old.
Does not this teach us that the service of song which begins here and will be continued hereafter is and will be connected with the great burnt offering of the Lord when He offered Himself as a sacrifice to God for an odour of a sweet smell
(Ephesians 5:2)? Thus there will continually rise to God the sweet odour of the Lord’s sacrifice of Himself and the song of the redeemed, for the new song which will be sung in heaven is, Worthy art Thou to take the book, and to open the seals thereof: for Thou wast slain, and didst purchase unto God with the blood men of every tribe, and tongue, and people, and nation
(Revelation 5:9). The immensity of this volume of the sweetest sound can only now be faintly imagined by us here on earth.
The book of the Psalms as we know is divided into five books. These contain one hundred and fifty psalms. There are forty-one psalms in the first book, thirty-one in the second, seventeen in the third, seventeen in the fourth, and forty-four in the fifth. In the book of the Psalms are the songs of Ascents, fifteen psalms, forming a tithe of the book.
All the psalms of the first book of 41 psalms were stated to be written by David, except numbers 1, 10 and 33. Psalm 2 has no heading, but we know that it was written by David, from Acts 4.25, and it is possible that Psalm 1 was also written by him. It might well be that Psalms 10 and 33 were also written by him. But we can only be certain as to the writer of any of the psalms if the heading clearly indicates who he was or if it is stated elsewhere in the Scriptures.
In the second book of thirty-one psalms, the seven psalms (42, 44-49) were written by the sons of Korah. Psalm 50 was written by Asaph. The following fifteen were written by David (51-65). Psalms 66 and 61 bear no writer’s name. The next three are by David (68-70). Psalm 71 has no name, and Psalm 72 is by Solomon. In the third book of seventeen psalms Asaph has the largest place. He wrote the first eleven psalms (73-83). Psalms 84, 85, 87, are by the sons of Korah. Psalm 88 was written by Heman the Ezrahite, and Psalm 89 by Ethan the Ezrahite. See 1 Kings 4, and 1 Chronicles 2 as to these two men. David wrote only one of the psalms in this book (86).
In the fourth book also of seventeen psalms, Moses wrote the first, Psalm 90. David wrote Psalms 101 and 103, and fourteen have no name, but we know from Hebrews 4.7 that David wrote Psalm 95, so that he wrote three psalms in this book. The psalms with no name are Psalms 91-94, 96-100, 102, 104-106. In the fifth book David wrote fifteen of the psalms, Psalms 108-110, 122, and 124, 131, and 133, and 138-145. One is by Solomon, Psalm 127. Psalms 107, 111-121, 123, 125, 126, 128-130, 132, 134-137, 146-150, bear no name. Thus we know that David wrote 75 psalms, Asaph 12, the sons of