Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language, in Miniature
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He has, accordingly, bestowed great care on the subject of accentuation; and is not without hope that, in this respect, the work will be found superior to all that have preceded it. - "Accent in the English language," says Sheridan, "means a certain stress of the voice upon a particular letter of a syllable, which distinguishes it from the rest, and, at the same time, distinguishes the syllable itself to which it belongs from the others which compose the word. Thus, in the word hab'it, the accent upon the b distinguishes that letter from the others, and the first syllable from the last. In the word repu'te, the u is the distinguished letter, and the syllable which contains it the distinguished syllable: but in the word rep'utable, the seat of the accent is changed to the first syllable, and p becomes the distinguished letter. The great distinction of our accent depends upon its seat, which may be either upon a vowel or a consonant. Upon a vowel, as in the words glo'ry, fa'ther, ho'ly. Upon a consonant, as in the words hab'it, bat'tle, bor'row. When the accent is on the vowel, the syllable is long; because the accent is made by dwelling upon the vowel. When it is on the consonant, the syllable is short; because the accent is made by passing rapidly over the vowel, and giving a smart stroke of the voice to the following consonant." The seat of the accent, thus illustrated by Sheridan, has alone proved a more certain guide to pronunciation, than all that had been written on the subject by the most eminent of his predecessors; and therefore it has been more accurately applied in this edition of Johnson's Dictionary in Miniature, than in any that has yet been offered to the public; the accentual mark being always placed after the vowel when the syllable is long, and after the following consonant when the syllable is short. Thus, La'tent, lat'in - e'pact, ep'ic - fi'nal, fin'ish - o'ral, mor'al - pu'ny, pun'ish - remi'nd, preten'd, exhibit, alternately, an accented vowel and consonant, or an accented long and short syllable.*
Samuel Johnson
Samuel Johnson (1709 – 1784) was an English writer – a poet, essayist, moralist, literary critic, biographer, editor and lexicographer. His works include the biography The Life of Richard Savage, an influential annotated edition of Shakespeare's plays, and the widely read tale Rasselas, the massive and influential Lives of the Most Eminent English Poets, and most notably, A Dictionary of the English Language, the definitive British dictionary of its time.
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