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    Restrictive Cardiomyopathy (Cardiac Fibrosis), A Simple Guide To The Condition. Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
    Restrictive Cardiomyopathy (Cardiac Fibrosis), A Simple Guide To The Condition. Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
    Restrictive Cardiomyopathy (Cardiac Fibrosis), A Simple Guide To The Condition. Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
    Ebook141 pages1 hour

    Restrictive Cardiomyopathy (Cardiac Fibrosis), A Simple Guide To The Condition. Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions

    By Kenneth Kee

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    About this ebook

    This book describes Restrictive Cardiomyopathy (Cardiac Fibrosis), Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases
    Cardiac fibrosis due to damage of the heart from myocardial infarction can affect the heart muscles as well causing the heart to stiffen up and have difficulty in pumping
    This is also called Restrictive cardiomyopathy
    Restrictive cardiomyopathy is a disorder in which the walls of the lower compartments of the heart (the ventricles) are atypically rigid and have not the flexibility to expand as the ventricles fill with blood.
    The pumping or systolic action of the ventricle may be normal but the diastolic action (the ability of the heart to fill with blood) is not normal.
    It is more difficult for the ventricles to fill with blood, and with time, the heart has the loss of the capability to pump blood properly leading to heart failure.
    These alterations cause the heart to fill poorly (more frequent) or pump poorly (less frequent).
    Sometimes, both problems are present.
    Causes:
    In restrictive cardiomyopathy, the heart muscle is normal in size or slightly swollen.
    Most of the time, it also pumps normally.
    While the main trouble is abnormal filling of the heart, the heart may not able to pump blood enough when the disease becomes worse.
    The abnormal heart function can affect the lungs, liver, and other body systems.
    Restrictive cardiomyopathy may affect either or both of the lower heart chambers (ventricles).
    The most frequent causes are amyloidosis and scarring of the heart from an unknown cause.
    1.Build-up of scar tissue (idiopathic is the most frequent cause)
    2.Build-up of abnormal proteins (amyloidosis) in the heart muscle
    3.Chemotherapy or chest exposure to radiation
    4.Excess iron (hemochromatosis) in the heart
    5.Other systemic diseases (sarcoidosis)
    Symptoms
    Many people with restrictive cardiomyopathy have no symptoms or only minor symptoms, and live a normal life.
    Other people form symptoms, which become worse as heart function worsens.
    Symptoms occur at any age and may be:
    1.Shortness of breath (at first with exercise; but over time it occurs at rest)
    Breathing problems that happen at night, with activity or when lying flat
    2.Fatigue (feeling overly tired) and inability to exercise
    3.Loss of appetite
    4.Swelling of the legs and feet
    5.Swelling of the abdomen
    6.Weight gain
    7.Nausea, bloating, (related to fluid retention)
    8.Uneven or rapid pulse
    A physical exam may show:
    1.Enlarged (distended) or bulging neck veins
    2.Enlarged liver
    3.Lung crackles and abnormal or distant heart sounds in the chest heard through a stethoscope
    4.Fluid backup into the hands and feet
    5.Signs of heart failure
    Diagnosis:
    The volume of the heart may stay normal with restrictive cardiomyopathy.
    Occasionally, restrictive cardiomyopathy may be confused with constrictive pericarditis, a disorder in which the layers of the pericardium become thickened, calcified and stiff.
    Tests for restrictive cardiomyopathy are:
    1.Chest CT scan
    2.Chest x-ray
    3.ECG (electrocardiogram)
    4.Echocardiogram and Doppler study
    5.MRI of the heart
    6.Nuclear heart scans (MUGA, RNV)
    7.Serum iron studies
    8.Serum or urine protein tests
    9.Cardiac catheterization and coronary angiography
    Treatment
    The disorder causing the cardiomyopathy is treated when it can be found.
    The main aim of treatment is to control symptoms and improve quality of life.
    Also, doctors may advise lifestyle changes and medicines to treat heart failure.
    Diet - restrict the intake of salt
    Exercise - exercise help
    Medicines
    1.Beta-blocker
    2.ACE inhibitor.
    Other medicines may be added.
    1.Digoxin,
    2.Diuretics
    3.Aldosterone inhibitors
    A heart transplant may help
    TABLE OF CONTENT
    Introduction
    Chapter 1 Restrictive Cardiomyopathy (Cardiac Fibrosi

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherKenneth Kee
    Release dateFeb 14, 2018
    ISBN9781370736713
    Restrictive Cardiomyopathy (Cardiac Fibrosis), A Simple Guide To The Condition. Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
    Author

    Kenneth Kee

    Medical doctor since 1972.Started Kee Clinic in 1974 at 15 Holland Dr #03-102, relocated to 36 Holland Dr #01-10 in 2009.Did my M.Sc (Health Management ) in 1991 and Ph.D (Healthcare Administration) in 1993.Dr Kenneth Kee is still working as a family doctor at the age of 74However he has reduced his consultation hours to 3 hours in the morning and 2 hours inthe afternoon.He first started writing free blogs on medical disorders seen in the clinic in 2007 on http://kennethkee.blogspot.com.His purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of his patients which is also his dissertation for his Ph.D (Healthcare Administration). He then wrote an autobiography account of his journey as a medical student to family doctor on his other blog http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.comThis autobiography account “A Family Doctor’s Tale” was combined with his early “A Simple Guide to Medical Disorders” into a new Wordpress Blog “A Family Doctor’s Tale” on http://ken-med.com.From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 1000 eBooks.He apologized for typos and spelling mistakes in his earlier books.He will endeavor to improve the writing in futures.Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.The later books go into more details of medical disorders.He has published 1000 eBooks on various subjects on health, 1 autobiography of his medical journey, another on the autobiography of a Cancer survivor, 2 children stories and one how to study for his nephew and grand-daughter.The purpose of these simple guides is to educate patient on health disorders and not meant as textbooks.He does not do any night duty since 2000 ever since Dr Tan had his second stroke.His clinic is now relocated to the Buona Vista Community Centre.The 2 units of his original clinic are being demolished to make way for a new Shopping Mall.He is now doing some blogging and internet surfing (bulletin boards since the 1980's) startingwith the Apple computer and going to PC.The entire PC is upgraded by himself from XT to the present Pentium duo core.The present Intel i7 CPU is out of reach at the moment because the CPU is still expensive.He is also into DIY changing his own toilet cistern and other electric appliance.His hunger for knowledge has not abated and he is a lifelong learner.The children have all grown up and there are 2 grandchildren who are even more technically advanced than the grandfather where mobile phones are concerned.This book is taken from some of the many articles in his blog (now with 740 posts) A Family Doctor’s Tale.Dr Kee is the author of:"A Family Doctor's Tale""Life Lessons Learned From The Study And Practice Of Medicine""Case Notes From A Family Doctor"

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      Book preview

      Restrictive Cardiomyopathy (Cardiac Fibrosis), A Simple Guide To The Condition. Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions - Kenneth Kee

      Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

      (Cardiac Fibrosis),

      A

      Simple

      Guide

      To

      The Condition.

      Diagnosis,

      Treatment

      And

      Related Conditions

      By

      Dr Kenneth Kee

      M.B.,B.S. (Singapore)

      Ph.D (Healthcare Administration)

      Copyright Kenneth Kee 2018 Smashwords Edition

      Published by Kenneth Kee at Smashwords.com

      Dedication

      This book is dedicated

      To my wife Dorothy

      And my children

      Carolyn, Grace

      And Kelvin

      This book describes Restrictive Cardiomyopathy (Cardiac Fibrosis), Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases which is seen in some of my patients in my Family Clinic.

      (What The patient Need to Treat Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

      Or Cardiac Fibrosis)

      This eBook is licensed for your personal enjoyment only. This eBook may not be re-sold or given away to other people. If the patient would like to share this book with another person, please purchase an additional copy for each reader.

      If you’re reading this book and did not purchase it, or it was not purchased for your use only, then please return to Smashwords.com and purchase your own copy.

      Thank you for respecting the hard work of this author.

      Introduction

      I have been writing medical articles for my blog http://kennethkee.blogspot.com (A Simple Guide to Medical Disorder) for the benefit of my patients since 2007.

      My purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of my patients.

      Health Education was also my dissertation for my Ph.D (Healthcare Administration).

      I then wrote an autobiolographical account of his journey as a medical student to family doctor on his other blog http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.com.

      This autobiolographical account A Family Doctor’s Tale was combined with my early A Simple Guide to Medical Disorders into a new Wordpress Blog A Family Doctor’s Tale on http://kenkee481.wordpress.com.

      From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 800 eBooks.

      Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.

      For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.

      The later books go into more details of medical disorders.

      The first chapter is always from my earlier blogs which unfortunately tends to have typos and spelling mistakes.

      Since 2013, I have tried to improve my spelling and writing.

      As I tried to bring the patient the latest information about a disorder or illness by reading the latest journals both online and offline, I find that I am learning more and improving on my own medical knowledge in diagnosis and treatment for my patients.

      Just by writing all these simple guides I find that I have learned a lot from your reviews (good or bad), criticism and advice.

      I am sorry for the repetitions in these simple guides as the second chapters onwards have new information as compared to my first chapter taken from my blog.

      I also find repetition definitely help me and maybe some readers to remember the facts in the books more easily.

      I apologize if these repetitions are irritating to some readers.

      Chapter 1

      Restrictive cardiomyopathy (Cardiac Fibrosis)

      This is my third book on Fibrosis which is the formation of fibrous connective tissue as a repairing response to injury or injury.

      The first two books were on pulmonary and hepatic fibrosis.

      "Singapore scientists have found that a protein, Interleukin 11, or IL11, causes fibrosis disease, which can lead to life-threatening conditions.

      The discovery paves the way for more effective treatment against fibrosis, where the body produces excessive connective tissue in response to an injury, causing tissue scarring.

      When this happens in vital organs such as the heart, kidney or lungs, it not only damages the organ, but could result in organ failure, leading to death.

      Fibrotic diseases represent a major cause of illness and death around the world.

      The discovery that IL11 is a critical fibrotic factor represents a breakthrough for the field and for drug development.

      The findings are significant as the medical community has long regarded another protein, Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1, as a major cause of the condition.

      While there are drugs that target this protein, they have severe side effects such as infections and even cancer.

      Researchers also worked on more than 80 heart samples from patients who underwent open heart surgery at the National Heart Centre.

      Doctors said it is the first time such a large human cohort has been studied in this field and proves the validity of their research.

      The next step for the team is to develop treatment to target the IL11 protein, in order to prevent, arrest or even reverse fibrosis disease.

      So if people have advanced fibrosis, that can be turned back and the organ can become healthy again.

      There is a precedent that that can work, particularly in the liver.

      Currently, more than 225 million people worldwide suffer from heart and kidney failure and there is no treatment to prevent fibrosis.

      Cardiac fibrosis due to damage of the heart from myocardial infarction can affect the heart muscles as well causing the heart to stiffen up and have difficulty in pumping

      This is also called Restrictive cardiomyopathy.

      What is restrictive cardiomyopathy (Cardiac Fibrosis)?

      Restrictive cardiomyopathy is a disorder in which the walls of the lower compartments of the heart (the ventricles) are atypically rigid and have not the flexibility to expand as the ventricles fill with blood.

      The pumping or systolic action of the ventricle may be normal but the diastolic action (the ability of the heart to fill with blood) is not normal.

      It is more difficult for the ventricles to fill with blood, and with time, the heart has the loss of the capability to pump blood properly leading to heart failure.

      These alterations cause the heart to fill poorly (more frequent) or pump poorly (less frequent).

      Sometimes, both problems are present.

      What are the causes of Restrictive Cardiomyopathy?

      Causes:

      In restrictive cardiomyopathy, the heart muscle is normal in size or slightly swollen.

      Most of the time, it also pumps normally.

      It does not relax normally during the time between heartbeats when the blood returns from the body (diastole).

      While the main trouble is abnormal filling of the heart, the heart may not able to pump blood strong enough when the disease becomes worse.

      The abnormal heart function can affect the lungs, liver, and other body systems.

      Restrictive cardiomyopathy may affect either or both of the lower heart chambers (ventricles).

      Restrictive cardiomyopathy is a rare disorder.

      Restrictive cardiomyopathy is not a usually inherited disorder and its cause is often not clear.

      Known causes are:

      1. Build-up of scar tissue (idiopathic is the most frequent cause)

      2. Build-up

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