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    Explore Flight!: With 25 Great Projects
    Explore Flight!: With 25 Great Projects
    Explore Flight!: With 25 Great Projects
    Ebook159 pages1 hour

    Explore Flight!: With 25 Great Projects

    By Anita Yasuda and Bryan Stone

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    About this ebook

    Who invented the airplane? When were airplanes invented? And why do planes have wings if the wings don't flap? Kids can answer these questions and more by jumping into the cockpit and soaring into Explore Flight! With 25 Great Projects, where they'll learn about the history of our human obsession to conquer the feat of flying.

    For kids ages 6-9, Explore Flight! With 25 Great Projects introduces them to the dreamers, inventors, aviation pioneers, and record breakers. They will read about the myths and legends of flying and about the wondrous flying machines of the past, present and future. They will learn that in the 15th century Leonardo da Vinci drew sketches of airplanes, helicopters and other flying machines, and that the first passengers in a hot air balloon were a sheep, a rooster, and a duck. Along the way, they will develop a better understanding of the rich history of aviation, investigate what causes flight, and learn about the science of aerodynamics. Projects and experiments range from making a paper airplane to building an airfoil. All the projects in this book are easy to follow, require little adult supervision, and use commonly found household products, many from the recycling.

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherNomad Press
    Release dateJan 7, 2014
    ISBN9781619301788
    Explore Flight!: With 25 Great Projects
    Author

    Anita Yasuda

    Anita Yasuda is the author of more than one hundred books for children. She lives with her family and her dog in Huntington Beach, California.

    Read more from Anita Yasuda

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      Book preview

      Explore Flight! - Anita Yasuda

      Let’s Explore Flight!

      Have you ever wanted to soar like a bird? Have you imagined what it would be like to race through the sky like a superhero? Well, for thousands of years, people just like you have wanted to fly above the land and sea.

      Some tried flapping their arms. Others made wings of feathers and parachutes of cloth. There were dreamers who sketched designs of amazing-looking flying machines and those who experimented with kites, balloons, and gliders. And in the last 100 years there were inventors who built aircraft powered by engines.

      WORDS TO KNOW!

      glider: an aircraft that can fly without an engine by riding air currents. It is towed up by an aircraft with an engine.

      BCE: put after a date, BCE stands for Before Common Era and counts down to zero. CE stands for Common Era and counts up from zero. These non-religious terms correspond to BC and AD.

      aeronaut: a traveler in a flying craft.

      myth: a story about make-believe creatures that people once believed were real.

      legend: a story about heroes from the past.

      aviator: a pilot.

      What is flight? How do airplanes fly? Who were the first people to build flying machines? In this book you’ll explore how things fly and the exciting history of flight—from kites in 500 BCE to present-day spacecraft.

      Explore Flight! will answer many of your questions. You’ll meet amazing people like the Montgolfier brothers, Otto Lilienthal, Charles Lindbergh, and Elizabeth Bessie Coleman. You’ll learn about aeronauts, record breakers, and inventors and read myths and legends about flight from around the world.

      The fun experiments and projects in this book will help you understand the science behind flight. For example, why birds can fly but we can’t. You’ll come across lots of silly jokes and fun facts too. Don’t be surprised if by the end of this book you know the basic parts of a plane, can send a message using the aviator’s alphabet, and have made your own flying machine.

      What are you waiting for? Jump into the cockpit and lower your flight goggles. Let’s Explore Flight!

      THE HISTORY OF FLIGHT

      When people talk about the history of flight, they are talking about events that happened over a long period of time. Since the creation of kites around 500 BCE, more than 2,000 years passed before the Wright Brothers first invented powered flight in 1903 CE. A little more than 50 years later, the first modern spacecraft was launched into space.

      But have you ever stopped to think about flight in the natural world? The history of natural flight is millions of years old!

      WORDS TO KNOW!

      glide: to come in for a landing and to land without using engine power. Also, to move smoothly and effortlessly through the air or the water.

      First there were leaves and seeds. Leaves and seeds may not have wings like a bird, but they can travel. They hitch a ride on the wind. Some seed structures twirl like a helicopter. Others float through the air on fine hairs that act as a parachute. Some glide. The football-sized seed pod of the Indonesian Alsomitra vine produces gliding seeds with wings up to 6 inches across (15 centimeters)!

      HOW DO THINGS FLY?

      Before we dive into the fun activities in this book, we are going to look at four forces that affect flight. A force is a push or a pull that moves an object. You push a friend on a swing. You pull on your socks in the morning.

      WORDS TO KNOW!

      force: a push or a pull.

      lift: an upward force.

      gravity: the pull of all objects toward the center of the earth.

      thrust: a force that pushes an object forward.

      drag: the force pushing against an object as it moves through the air.

      Lift, gravity, thrust, and drag are the basic forces acting on all flying objects. Forces always act in pairs. Lift pushes the airplane up. A plane’s wings and its movement through the air create lift. Gravity pulls downward on the airplane. Thrust moves the plane forward. Propellers and jet engines provide airplanes with thrust. The fourth force, drag, slows the plane down.

      In order for any object to stay in the air, all four forces have to be in balance.

      There’s a tug-of-war going on all the time between lift and gravity, and between thrust and drag. If one force is stronger than the other, the plane won’t be stable. Throughout this book you will read more about these four forces and how flying machines are perfectly designed to stay up in the air.

      ANIMALS THAT FLY

      WORDS TO KNOW!

      reptile: an animal covered with scales that crawls on its belly or on short legs. Snakes, turtles, and alligators are reptiles.

      Triassic Period: 250 to 200 million years ago.

      Cretaceous Period: 144 to 65 million years ago.

      Scientists believe that insects began to fly about 360 million years ago. Massive flying reptiles called Pterosaurs, some with wingspans of 40 feet (12 meters), ruled the skies from the end of the Triassic Period to the end of the Cretaceous Period. Birds and bats followed.

      Today, insects, bats, and birds are the only animals on Earth that can fly. They all have wings to lift them up and keep them moving through the air. These animals don’t have engines like airplanes to provide thrust. Instead they rely on their own energy to take off and fly.

      DID YOU KNOW?

      Some

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