Explore Forces and Motion!: With 25 Great Projects
By Jennifer Swanson and Bryan Stone
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About this ebook
Everything moves! Kids run around the playground, cars drive on the road, and balls fly through the air. What causes all this motion? Physics! Forces and motion rule the way everything moves through space.
In Explore Forces and Motion! With 25 Great Projects, readers ages 7 through 10 discover that the push and pull of every object on the planet and in space depends on how a force acts upon it. Things float because of a force called buoyancy, we stick to the ground because of a force called gravity, and we make footprints in sand because of a force called pressure.
Physics becomes accessible and interactive through activities such as a experimenting with a water cup drop, building a bridge, and spotting magnetic field lines. Simple machines such as levers, pulleys, and wedges are used as vehicles for discovery and comprehension of the foundational concepts of physical science. Using a theme familiar to everyone—motion—this book captures the imagination and encourages young readers to push, pull, twist, turn, and spin their way to learning about forces and motion.
Jennifer Swanson
Jennifer Swanson is the author of 45+ nonfiction books for kids. Her passion for science and technology resonates in all her books and her work has won multiple awards including a Green Earth Book Honor Award, three Florida Book Awards, California Reading Association awards, a Parent's Choice Gold award, and a 2021 Kirkus Best Books Award. Jennifer is an accomplished speaker at events and schools around the country, the Highlights Foundation, the National NSTA conferences, the World Science Festival in NYC, and the Library of Congress' National Book Festival. She lives in Jacksonville with her husband and two dogs.
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Explore Forces and Motion! - Jennifer Swanson
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CONTENTS
Timeline
Introduction
Everything Moves
Chapter 1
Fantastic Forces
Chapter 2
Glorious Gravity
Chapter 3
Laws of Motion
Chapter 4
Mighty Magnetism
Chapter 5
Sink or Float
Chapter 6
Forces at Work
Index
Interested in primary sources? Look for this icon.
Use a smartphone or tablet app to scan the QR code and explore more! You can find a list of URLs on the Resources page.
If the QR code doesn’t work, try searching the Internet with the Keyword Prompts to find other helpful sources.
KEYWORD PROMPTS
TIMELINE
INTRODUCTION
EVERYTHING MOVES!
You have had a long day. School was busy. You had a test in one class and a quiz in another, and you had soccer practice in the afternoon. Time to rest! You flop down in your comfy chair with a book, ready to just not move for a while. Have you ever felt like that? Did you know that while you were sitting in that big comfy chair, you were actually still moving?
In this book, we will discuss how everything moves all the time! You, your bike, the earth, and a hockey puck that glides across the ice are all in motion. What changes this movement? A force.
WORDS To KNOW
Have you ever kicked a soccer ball? Pushed someone on a swing? Picked up a box and carried it to a table? Then you have experienced forces and motion.
What is a force? A force is simply a push or a pull. You can’t see a force, but you can see the effect that a force has on an object.
Forces change the way things move. This movement is called motion. Forces and motion go together. If you push something, it moves away from you. If you pull it, the object moves toward you. When you push someone on the swing, your hands are acting as the force.
Forces still act on you when you are sitting still. Gravity and pressure from the air are pushing on you while your body is pushing back! These forces are balanced. When forces are balanced, it can seem like there is no motion.
WORDS To KNOW
Motion happens when forces are unbalanced. When you kick a soccer ball, the force comes from your foot hitting the ball. That force makes the ball move across the field.
Forces can make objects speed up, slow down, or change direction. They can even make an object sink or float. Forces and motion rule the world.
MEET A PHYSICIST!
ISAAC NEWTON
Isaac Newton (1643–1727) is one of the most famous and important scientists of all time. Some say he discovered gravity when an apple fell on his head. While that is probably more fiction than fact, Newton was the first scientist to explain how gravity works. Newton was an excellent mathematician, too. He used his expertise in math and science to develop the three laws of motion that rule the universe. Newton’s work with forces and motion paved the way for scientists to discover how they affect every part of human life!
There are many different forces that affect motion. Have you ever wondered why you always fall down and never fall up? Gravity is the force that pulls you to the ground! Magnetism is a force that attracts, but also repels. Have you ever wondered how things float? It’s a force called buoyancy. And why do we make footprints when we walk in sand or snow? Your feet are applying pressure to the ground.
WORDS TO KNOW
The push and pull of every object on the planet and in space is caused by the way a force acts upon it. Forces are so important to everyday life that a scientist named Sir Isaac Newton, who lived in the seventeenth century, created three laws to describe exactly how forces and motion work.
Gravity keeps the earth and the other planets in our solar system in orbit around the sun. It also keeps the moon in orbit around the earth.
In this book, you will explore how forces