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    Explore Rivers and Ponds!: With 25 Great Projects
    Explore Rivers and Ponds!: With 25 Great Projects
    Explore Rivers and Ponds!: With 25 Great Projects
    Ebook170 pages1 hour

    Explore Rivers and Ponds!: With 25 Great Projects

    By Carla Mooney and Bryan Stone

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    About this ebook

    From puddles to lakes, streams to rivers, and bogs to swamps, each body of water contains an amazing treasure chest of life. There is an abundance of plant and animal life hiding in every freshwater habitat. But freshwater habitats are also fragile and valuable resources that need to be protected and conserved.

    Explore Rivers and Ponds! with 25 Great Projects, introduces kids to the fascinating world of freshwater habitats and the creatures they contain. Combining hands-on activities with ecology and science, kids will have fun learning about the freshwater biome, including lakes and ponds, streams and rivers, and wetlands. Entertaining illustrations and fascinating sidebars illuminate the topic and bring it to life, while Words to Know highlighted and defined within the text reinforce new vocabulary. Projects include assembling an ecologist's field kit, creating a fishless aquarium, pouring casts of animal tracks, and building a watershed replica. Additional materials include a glossary, and a list of current reference works, websites, museums, and science centers.

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherNomad Press
    Release dateJan 7, 2014
    ISBN9781936749836
    Explore Rivers and Ponds!: With 25 Great Projects
    Author

    Carla Mooney

    Carla Mooney has written more than 70 books for children and young adults. She is an award-winning author of several books for Nomad Press, including The Chemistry of Food, The Physics of Fun, The Human Body and The Human Genome: Mapping the Blueprint of Human Life, and Globalization: Why We Care about Faraway Events. She lives in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

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      Book preview

      Explore Rivers and Ponds! - Carla Mooney

      Nomad Press

      A division of Nomad Communications

      10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

      Copyright © 2012 by Nomad Press. All rights reserved.

      No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer who may quote brief passages in a review or for limited educational use The trademark Nomad Press and the Nomad Press logo are trademarks of Nomad Communications, Inc.

      Illustrations by Bryan Stone

      Educational Consultant, Marla Conn

      Questions regarding the ordering of this book should be addressed to

      Independent Publishers Group

      814 N. Franklin St.

      Chicago, IL 60610

      www.ipgbook.com

      Nomad Press

      2456 Christian St.

      White River Junction, VT 05001

      www.nomadpress.net

      CONTENS

      Introduction

      The World of Water

      Chapter 1

      The Freshwater Biome

      Chapter 2

      Ponds and Lakes

      Chapter 3

      Streams and Rivers

      Chapter 4

      Wetlands 56

      Chapter 5

      Conservation and Protection

      Glossary

      Resources

      Index

      The World of Water

      Have you ever looked at a map of the earth, or a globe? You’ve probably noticed that a lot of our planet is covered in water. Most of this is salt water in the oceans. Only about 3 percent of the earth’s water is fresh. And of that very small amount, most is solid ice in glaciers or hidden deep underground.

      globe: a map of the earth on a round ball.

      glacier: a huge mass of ice and snow.

      freshwater: water that is not salty. It is less than 1 percent salt.

      Because so much freshwater is frozen or hard to reach, it can’t be used by humans, animals, or plants. In fact, the freshwater we can use covers only a tiny part of the earth’s surface. Think of it this way: if all the water in the world were the size of a globe, the freshwater we can use would be just a tiny drop about the size of a marble.

      bog: an area of wet, spongy land that is full of peat.

      peat: dark brown, partly decayed plant matter found in bogs and swamps.

      amphibian: an animal with a backbone that lives on land and in water, such as a frog, toad, or salamander. An amphibian is cold-blooded, so it needs sunlight to keep warm and shade to keep cool.

      ecosystem: a community of living and nonliving things and their environment. Living things are plants, animals, and insects. Nonliving things are soil, rocks, and water.

      environment: a natural area with animals, plants, rocks, soil, and water.

      habitat: the natural area where a plant or animal lives.

      So what exactly is freshwater? It’s water that is not salty. Freshwater is found in many different places that are called bodies of water. Lakes, streams, ponds, brooks, creeks, rivers, bogs, marshes, and even a tiny puddle on your driveway are all freshwater.

      What’s the big deal about freshwater? It is important because wherever you find freshwater, you’ll find life! Some of these forms of life are big enough for you to see. Others are so tiny you need a microscope to see them. But they’re in there.

      A wide variety of animals, birds, amphibians, insects, and plants make their homes in or near freshwater ecosystems. Every freshwater habitat holds a world of wacky, weird, and wonderful life. In fact, freshwater is such a great place to live that more living things make their home in freshwater than anywhere else on Earth.

      You use freshwater every day. You drink freshwater. You use it to take a bath or shower. If you help your parents to water houseplants or a garden, you are using freshwater to keep the plants alive. You even use freshwater to flush your toilets!

      pollute: to make dirty or contaminate.

      groundwater: water that is underground in spaces between rocks.

      In this book, you’ll explore all types of freshwater bodies and habitats. You’ll learn how each is formed. You’ll see what types of plants and animals make their homes there. And you’ll find out what happens when something pollutes or disrupts these freshwater habitats.

      There is more freshwater stored as groundwater than the total amount of water found in lakes and rivers.

      The Freshwater Biome

      Freshwater ecosystems are everywhere you look. These ecosystems include lakes, ponds, rivers, streams, and wetlands. In fact, any pool of water that is mostly salt-free can be called a freshwater ecosystem, even one that is only up to your ankles. Freshwater ecosystems can exist in puddles, ditches, and gutters. Together, freshwater ecosystems, large and small, make up Earth’s freshwater biome. So where does all this freshwater come from? And why isn’t it salty?

      wetland: an area where the land is soaked with water,

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