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    The Communist Manifesto
    The Communist Manifesto
    The Communist Manifesto
    Ebook51 pages1 hour

    The Communist Manifesto

    By Karl Marx

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    Chios Classics brings literature’s greatest works back to life for new generations.  All our books contain a linked table of contents.


    The Communist Manifesto is one of the most important writings on politics and society ever written.
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherCharles River Editors
    Release dateMar 22, 2018
    ISBN9781518303371
    Author

    Karl Marx

    Karl Marx (1818-1883) was a German philosopher, historian, political theorist, journalist and revolutionary socialist. Born in Prussia, he received his doctorate in philosophy at the University of Jena in Germany and became an ardent follower of German philosopher Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel. Marx was already producing political and social philosophic works when he met Friedrich Engels in Paris in 1844. The two became lifelong colleagues and soon collaborated on "The Communist Manifesto," which they published in London in 1848. Expelled from Belgium and Germany, Marx moved to London in 1849 where he continued organizing workers and produced (among other works) the foundational political document Das Kapital. A hugely influential and important political philosopher and social theorist, Marx died stateless in 1883 and was buried in Highgate Cemetery in London.

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      Book preview

      The Communist Manifesto - Karl Marx

      THE COMMUNIST MANIFESTO

      ..................

      Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels

      Translated by Helen Macfarlane

      CHIOS CLASSICS

      Thank you for reading. In the event that you appreciate this book, please consider sharing the good word(s) by leaving a review, or connect with the author.

      This book is a work of nonfiction and is intended to be factually accurate.

      All rights reserved. Aside from brief quotations for media coverage and reviews, no part of this book may be reproduced or distributed in any form without the author’s permission. Thank you for supporting authors and a diverse, creative culture by purchasing this book and complying with copyright laws.

      Copyright © 2015 by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels

      Interior design by Pronoun

      Distribution by Pronoun

      TABLE OF CONTENTS

      MANIFESTO OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY

      I. BOURGEOIS AND PROLETARIANS

      II. PROLETARIANS AND COMMUNISTS

      III. SOCIALIST AND COMMUNIST LITERATURE

      IV. POSITION OF THE COMMUNISTS IN RELATION TO THE VARIOUS EXISTING OPPOSITION PARTIES

      The Communist Manifesto

      By

      Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels

      MANIFESTO OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY

      ..................

      A spectre is haunting Europe—the spectre of Communism.

      All the Powers of old Europe have entered into a holy alliance to

      exorcise this spectre: Pope and Czar, Metternich and Guizot,

      French Radicals and German police-spies.

      Where is the party in opposition that has not been decried as Communistic by its opponents in power? Where is the Opposition that has not hurled back the branding reproach of Communism, against the more advanced opposition parties, as well as against its reactionary adversaries?

      Two things result from this fact.

      I. Communism is already acknowledged by all European Powers to be itself a Power.

      II. It is high time that Communists should openly, in the face of the whole world, publish their views, their aims, their tendencies, and meet this nursery tale of the Spectre of Communism with a Manifesto of the party itself.

      To this end, Communists of various nationalities have assembled in London, and sketched the following Manifesto, to be published in the English, French, German, Italian, Flemish and Danish languages.

      I. BOURGEOIS AND PROLETARIANS

      ..................

      The history of all hitherto existing societies is the history of class struggles.

      Freeman and slave, patrician and plebeian, lord and serf, guild-master and journeyman, in a word, oppressor and oppressed, stood in constant opposition to one another, carried on an uninterrupted, now hidden, now open fight, a fight that each time ended, either in a revolutionary re-constitution of society at large, or in the common ruin of the contending classes.

      In the earlier epochs of history, we find almost everywhere a complicated arrangement of society into various orders, a manifold gradation of social rank. In ancient Rome we have patricians, knights, plebeians, slaves; in the Middle Ages, feudal lords, vassals, guild-masters, journeymen, apprentices, serfs; in almost all of these classes, again, subordinate gradations.

      The modern bourgeois society that has sprouted from the ruins of feudal society has not done away with class antagonisms. It has but established new classes, new conditions of oppression, new forms of struggle in place of the old ones. Our epoch, the epoch of the bourgeoisie, possesses, however, this distinctive feature: it has simplified the class antagonisms. Society as a whole is more and more splitting up into two great hostile camps, into two great classes, directly facing each other: Bourgeoisie and Proletariat.

      From the serfs of the Middle Ages sprang the chartered burghers of the earliest

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