George and Maggie and the Red Light Saloon: Depravation, Debauchery, Violence, and Sundry Cussedness in a Kansas Cowtown
By Rod Cook
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About this ebook
In a formidable two-month trek through the dusty plains of Texas and the "Indian Nations," brash young cowboys drove the longhorns to the railhead at the Kansas state line. There they emerged at Caldwell, Kansas; primed for celebration in that wide-open cowtown fondly known to them as "The Queen of the Border." Wild, wooly and dangerous, in its futile effort to hold a lid on the cowboys' rampant and often times violent revelry, the town ran through 15 marshals in the six year period of the cattle drives between 1879 and 1885. Continuously besieged by murder and depravation, the town was locked in a love-hate alliance with the many dens that catered to the roughshod instincts of the hell-raising cowboys.
Festering at the heart of this perpetual bedlam was the number-one attraction of the Border Queen; George and Maggie's Red Light Saloon, the wellspring of murder and violence; and the epitome of debauchery and just plain nasty wickedness.
Rod Cook
A native of the old cowtown, Caldwell, Kansas, amateur historian and researcher Rod Cook has long been fascinated by the wild and wooly history of his hometown, in particular the uproarious years of the cattle drives of the 1870?s and 1880?s. Until now, his writing has been limited to historical essays and newspaper articles of local and regional interest. A design engineer by profession, his recent intensified interest has led him to the unanticipated role of novice writer. George and Maggie and the Red Light Saloon is his first attempt at bringing his unique insight to a universal audience.
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George and Maggie and the Red Light Saloon - Rod Cook
All Rights Reserved © 2003 by Rod Cook
No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, or by any information storage retrieval system, without the written permission of the publisher.
iUniverse, Inc.
For information address:
iUniverse, Inc.
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www.iuniverse.com
ISBN: 0-595-29407-3
ISBN: 978-1-4620-8881-2 (eBook)
For
Norma White
and
The People of
The Border Queen
Contents
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
A NOTE TO THE READER
INTRODUCTION
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
AFTERTHOUGHTS
DEEDS
BIBLIOGRAPHY
ENDNOTES
Image272.JPGChisholm Trail and Texas feeder trails
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Among those whose help and encouragement was instrumental in the completion of this work were authors Troy Boucher and Bill O’Neal whose editorial reviews, insights, and advice have proven invaluable; and Computer graphics wizard Rod Michael of Cheney, Kansas who fabricated the cover graphic from a number of ideas composed in my head. The materials he used were provided by several special people: Gloria White of Caldwell, Kansas, loaned several photographs from her extensive archives—among them, the street scene of old Caldwell utilized in the cover art. Maggie’s garter
was meticulously created by Lois Croft of Clearwater, Kansas. Special thanks to Len Gratteri of Hillsboro, Oregon, by whose kind gesture the actual famous sixgun belonging to Caldwell Deputy Marshal Ben Wheeler appears in the cover graphic.
I am indebted to Marilyn Houlden of Caldwell who proofread the manuscript. Also to historian/writer/researcher Edward Herring of Mt. Hope, Arkansas who graciously shared research and sources on Maggie’s early background before 1875. He, along with historian Fred Strickland of South Haven, Kansas, provided particulars drawn from their extensive knowledge of the history of Hunnewell, Kansas.
I also wish to thank researcher Hershul King of Fort Worth, Texas, for his help in my search for Maggie in the Dallas/Fort Worth area and historian June Westphal of Eureka Springs, Arkansas, for her search there.
I would also like to acknowledge my new email friend, John Gillon of Lewisville, North Carolina, who, at the time of this writing, is still searching for Maggie among his ancestors.
A NOTE TO THE READER
Located just two miles from the Oklahoma Indian Territory, Caldwell, Kansas, known as The Border Queen
in her early rowdy days, was the last Kansas cowtown on the Chisholm Trail. While not as well known as Abilene, Ellsworth, Dodge City and some of the other cowtowns that gained notoriety through books and movies, Caldwell too, had her tough characters and tumultuous times. Indeed, the Border Queen was a rough place to be—wild, riotous, unruly, and violent. But somehow her noteworthy characters were circumvented in the early dime novels and subsequent movies that popularized those places and made the names Earp, Hickok, Masterson and Holliday recognizable to successive generations.
The aim of this book is to introduce to those interested in true western history a slice of the little known past of Caldwell, now a quiet little city whose true stature in the ranks of the cowtowns has not yet been recognized.
This book started out to be a short research project—I wanted to know a little more about a couple of Caldwell’s early notorious characters—just a little digging that I do every now and then only to satisfy my own curiosity. But as more information was uncovered, it grew beyond my expectations. By the time I had exhausted all of my leads to any further insight, it had become what you now hold before you. Hopefully, it will be of interest to you and perhaps to a future historian or two. I have composed the information in chronological order and as much as possible, have let the extracts and articles set the pace and tell the story. In several places where voids exist in the extant record I have offered some speculative suggestions as possible explanations. Where I stray from pure nonfiction in those few places, I have done so in a manner that I hope the reader can readily distinguish from the factual information.
Mrs. Norma White, President of the Caldwell Historical Society at the time of this writing, shared my curiosity and it is because of her great interest that I was motivated to seriously pursue the information that composes this book. It is to her that I respectfully offer this work.
It was not my intent to sensationalize this story although the material here could very well be shaped into an exceptional historical novel. I invite others with skills greater than my own to investigate that possibility. Many amazing true stories are to be found in the rich history of the Border Queen—any one of which is worthy of a romanticized novel or movie script. One of these is the story of George and Maggie and The Red Light Saloon.
Rod Cook
May, 2003
INTRODUCTION
During the Civil War, Texas cattle could not be sold at the established markets in the northern states. As a result, the herds proliferated to such an extent that by the end of the war, Texas beef could be had for less than a dollar a head. Herds were left to run wild on the vast Texas range, unbranded, untended and unclaimed. After the war, men could simply lay claim to as many head as they were capable of rounding up. The state had over 3,000,000 head of cattle—but no market.
A farsighted young man named Joseph McCoy recognized the great opportunity and grasped it. After scouting the newly laid Union Pacific rail line west of Kansas City he chose a tiny hamlet called Abilene to be his terminus. There, in 1867, at McCoy’s urging, the railroad built a siding. McCoy purchased 250 acres of land, built a hotel and cattle pens and then spread the word. Soon, strong willed Texas men, utilizing an obscure trail blazed by a man named Jesse Chisholm, also seized the opportunity and began driving their herds, nearly worthless in Texas, to Abilene, the portal of a fantastic eastern market.