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    Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
    Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
    Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
    Ebook110 pages2 hours

    Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions

    By Kenneth Kee

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    About this ebook

    This book describes Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases
    This is a complicated subject but I have tried to make it as simple as possible.
    DIC is excessive clotting accompanied by excessive bleeding.
    Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a life threatening disorder in which small blood clots are produced throughout the bloodstream, blocking small blood vessels.
    The higher quantity of clotting uses up the platelets and clotting factors required to control bleeding, resulting in excessive bleeding.
    There are a number of possible causes, such as infection and surgery.
    In the early stages of the disorder, DIC causes the blood to clot excessively.
    As a result, blood clots may reduce blood flow and block blood from reaching bodily organs.
    As the disorder progresses, platelets and clotting factors, the substances in the blood responsible for forming clots, are used up.
    When this happens, the patient will begin to experience excessive bleeding.
    DIC is a serious disorder that can lead to death.
    When the patient is injured, proteins in the blood that form blood clots travel to the injury site to help stop bleeding.
    If these proteins become abnormally active throughout the body, the patient could develop DIC.
    When the proteins used in the normal clotting process become overly active, it can cause DIC.
    Some less frequent causes of disseminated intravascular coagulation are:
    1.Extremely low body temperature (hypothermia)
    2.Venomous snake bites
    3.Pancreatitis
    In some patients with DIC, many small blood clots are produced in the blood vessels.
    Some of these clots can block the vessels and stop the normal blood supply to organs such as the liver, brain, or kidneys.
    The loss of blood flow can injury and cause major damage to the organs.
    In other cases of DIC, the clotting proteins in the blood are consumed.
    The patient may have a high risk of serious bleeding from the loss of clotting proteins, even from a minor injury or without injury.
    The patient may also start to spontaneously bleed.
    Symptoms:
    Excessive bleeding, occasionally from multiple locations on the body, is one of the more common symptoms of DIC.
    Bleeding from the mucosal tissue and other external areas may occur.
    Also, disseminated intravascular coagulation may cause internal bleeding.
    Other symptoms are:
    1.Blood clots
    2.Drop in blood pressure
    3.Easy bruising
    Diagnosis
    Disseminated intravascular coagulation may be identified through different tests related to the levels of platelets, clotting factors, and other blood components
    1.Fibrin degradation product
    2.Full blood cell count from a blood smear
    3.Full blood cell count from a sample
    4.Platelet count
    5.Partial thromboplastin time
    6.D-dimer test
    7.Serum fibrinogen
    8.Prothrombin time
    Treatment
    Disseminated intravascular coagulation treatment depends on what is causing the disorder.
    To treat the clotting problem, the patient may be given an anticoagulant called heparin to reduce clotting.
    Heparin may not be administered if the patient have a severe lack of platelets or are bleeding excessively.
    People with acute DIC require hospitalization, often in an intensive care unit (ICU)
    Supportive treatments may be:
    1.Plasma transfusions to replace blood clotting factors if a lot of bleeding is occurring.
    2.Blood thinner medicine (heparin) to prevent blood clotting if a lot of clotting is occurring.
    Infection will need antibiotics, and obstetric complications may need intervention
    Generally, patients with DIC should not be treated with antifibrinolytic agents.
    Patients with DIC with severe bleeding could be treated with lysine analogues, such as tranexamic acid.

    TABLE OF CONTENT
    Introduction
    Chapter 1 Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
    Chapter 2 Causes

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherKenneth Kee
    Release dateAug 6, 2018
    ISBN9780463518380
    Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
    Author

    Kenneth Kee

    Medical doctor since 1972.Started Kee Clinic in 1974 at 15 Holland Dr #03-102, relocated to 36 Holland Dr #01-10 in 2009.Did my M.Sc (Health Management ) in 1991 and Ph.D (Healthcare Administration) in 1993.Dr Kenneth Kee is still working as a family doctor at the age of 74However he has reduced his consultation hours to 3 hours in the morning and 2 hours inthe afternoon.He first started writing free blogs on medical disorders seen in the clinic in 2007 on http://kennethkee.blogspot.com.His purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of his patients which is also his dissertation for his Ph.D (Healthcare Administration). He then wrote an autobiography account of his journey as a medical student to family doctor on his other blog http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.comThis autobiography account “A Family Doctor’s Tale” was combined with his early “A Simple Guide to Medical Disorders” into a new Wordpress Blog “A Family Doctor’s Tale” on http://ken-med.com.From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 1000 eBooks.He apologized for typos and spelling mistakes in his earlier books.He will endeavor to improve the writing in futures.Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.The later books go into more details of medical disorders.He has published 1000 eBooks on various subjects on health, 1 autobiography of his medical journey, another on the autobiography of a Cancer survivor, 2 children stories and one how to study for his nephew and grand-daughter.The purpose of these simple guides is to educate patient on health disorders and not meant as textbooks.He does not do any night duty since 2000 ever since Dr Tan had his second stroke.His clinic is now relocated to the Buona Vista Community Centre.The 2 units of his original clinic are being demolished to make way for a new Shopping Mall.He is now doing some blogging and internet surfing (bulletin boards since the 1980's) startingwith the Apple computer and going to PC.The entire PC is upgraded by himself from XT to the present Pentium duo core.The present Intel i7 CPU is out of reach at the moment because the CPU is still expensive.He is also into DIY changing his own toilet cistern and other electric appliance.His hunger for knowledge has not abated and he is a lifelong learner.The children have all grown up and there are 2 grandchildren who are even more technically advanced than the grandfather where mobile phones are concerned.This book is taken from some of the many articles in his blog (now with 740 posts) A Family Doctor’s Tale.Dr Kee is the author of:"A Family Doctor's Tale""Life Lessons Learned From The Study And Practice Of Medicine""Case Notes From A Family Doctor"

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      Book preview

      Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions - Kenneth Kee

      Disseminated Intravascular

      Coagulation,

      A

      Simple

      Guide

      To

      The Condition,

      Diagnosis,

      Treatment

      And

      Related Conditions

      By

      Dr Kenneth Kee

      M.B.,B.S. (Singapore)

      Ph.D (Healthcare Administration)

      Copyright Kenneth Kee 2018 Smashwords Edition

      Published by Kenneth Kee at Smashwords.com

      Dedication

      This book is dedicated

      To my wife Dorothy

      And my children

      Carolyn, Grace

      And Kelvin

      This book describes Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases which is seen in some of my patients in my Family Clinic.

      (What The patient Need to Treat Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation)

      This eBook is licensed for your personal enjoyment only. This eBook may not be re-sold or given away to other people. If you would like to share this book with another person, please purchase an additional copy for each reader.

      If you’re reading this book and did not purchase it, or it was not purchased for your use only, then please return to Smashwords.com and purchase your own copy.

      Thank you for respecting the hard work of this author.

      Introduction

      I have been writing medical articles for my blog: http://kennethkee.blogspot.com (A Simple Guide to Medical Disorder) for the benefit of my patients since 2007.

      My purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of my patients.

      Health Education was also my dissertation for my Ph.D (Healthcare Administration).

      I then wrote an autobiolographical account of his journey as a medical student to family doctor on his other blog: http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.com.

      This autobiolographical account A Family Doctor’s Tale was combined with my early A Simple Guide to Medical Disorders into a new Wordpress Blog A Family Doctor’s Tale on http://kenkee481.wordpress.com.

      From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 800 eBooks.

      Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.

      For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.

      The later books go into more details of medical disorders.

      The first chapter is always from my earlier blogs which unfortunately tends to have typos and spelling mistakes.

      Since 2013, I have tried to improve my spelling and writing.

      As I tried to bring the patient the latest information about a disorder or illness by reading the latest journals both online and offline, I find that I am learning more and improving on my own medical knowledge in diagnosis and treatment for my patients.

      Just by writing all these simple guides I find that I have learned a lot from your reviews (good or bad), criticism and advice.

      I am sorry for the repetitions in these simple guides as the second chapters onwards have new information as compared to my first chapter taken from my blog.

      I also find repetition definitely help me and maybe some readers to remember the facts in the books more easily.

      I apologize if these repetitions are irritating to some readers.

      Chapter 1

      Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)

      This is a complicated subject but I have tried to make it as simple as possible.

      DIC is excessive clotting accompanied by excessive bleeding.

      What is disseminated intravascular coagulation?

      Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a life threatening disorder in which small blood clots are produced throughout the bloodstream, blocking small blood vessels.

      The higher quantity of clotting uses up the platelets and clotting factors required to control bleeding, resulting in excessive bleeding.

      There are a number of possible causes, such as infection and surgery.

      The proteins that regulate blood clotting become overactive.

      Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a rare, life-threatening disorder.

      In the early stages of the disorder, DIC causes the blood to clot excessively.

      As a result, blood clots may reduce blood flow and block blood from reaching bodily organs.

      As the disorder progresses, platelets and clotting factors, the substances in the blood responsible for forming clots, are used up.

      When this happens, the patient will begin to experience excessive bleeding.

      DIC is a serious disorder that can lead to death.

      Incidence

      The disorder occurs in response to other pathology rather than as a primary event.

      There are no predisposing factors in terms of age, sex or race.

      What are the causes of disseminated intravascular coagulation?

      Causes

      When the patient is injured, proteins in the blood that form blood clots travel to the injury site to help stop bleeding.

      If these proteins become abnormally active throughout the body, the patient could develop DIC.

      Infection, severe trauma (such as brain injuries or crushing injuries), inflammation, surgery, and cancer are all known to cause this disorder.

      When the proteins used in the normal clotting process become overly active, it can cause DIC.

      Some less frequent causes of disseminated intravascular coagulation are:

      1. Extremely low body temperature (hypothermia)

      2. Venomous snake bites

      3. Pancreatitis

      4. Burns

      In some patients with DIC, many small blood clots are produced in the

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