Journey to a New Life: Reversing Diabetes

Contents

Notice/Disclaimer

Acknowledgements

Foreword

Prologue

CHAPTER 1

CHAPTER 2

CHAPTER 3

CHAPTER 4

CHAPTER 5

CHAPTER 6

CHAPTER 7

CHAPTER 8

CHAPTER 9

CHAPTER 10

CHAPTER 11

CHAPTER 12

Sources And References

Notice/Disclaimer

Medicine is an ever changing science. As new research and clinical experience broaden our knowledge, changes in treatment and drug therapy are required. The author has checked with the sources believed to be reliable in her efforts to provide information that is complete and generally in accord with the standards accepted at the time of publication. However, in view of the possibility of human error or changes in medical science, she disclaims all responsibility for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from use of the information contained in this work. The statements in this book are meant to be used as guidelines only. They are based on the experience of the author and where noted, on current recommendations from professional organizations. Successful use of this book requires at least little knowledge of biology, pharmacology, biochemistry and medicine. It does not replace the basic textbook in either discipline; rather it is a supplement to all four in context to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Acknowledgements

This book is dedicated to the recognition that scientific achievement applicable to people requires the output of many collaborating and working in sequence, often in silence, often without tangible reward. This book is dedicated to those who tenaciously and effectively collaborate in order to develop and to pass on the wisdom. This book is dedicated in gratitude to those in biology and therapeutics. Who are the past, who are involved in the present;And who are invested in anyway in the future of human health.

Finally, I express my deepest appreciation to my husband Mr. Vishal Bhatia, and our children Kritika and Shivansh , who endured with extraordinary grace the long evenings and weekends I devoted to book writing and provided constant encouragement.

Foreword

Now more than ever, people of all ages across the world are thinking about quality of life, good health, and physical problems connected to long-term conditions like diabetes. The author answers these calls and focuses on life-changing antidotes to help diabetics live a healthier, more fulfilling life in her book titled Journey to a New Life: Reversing Diabetes.

The aim is to promote healthy living as a diabetes patient throughout the world through this simple medical guide book. The information is presented in a zero-nonsense, straight-to-the-point way, observes the author. The book also reveals how you can overcome the disease in more ways than one.

In her book, she addresses issues, provides electrifying guidelines and information for healthy living as a diabetes sufferer. Under her ideas, basic factors such as the mind, heart and daily diet affect the overall impact which diabetes has on your health. Additionally, she believes diabetics should have a diverse amount of knowledge about diabetes to avoid the further physical ailments that this disease can bring forth. And last but not the least , she explodes some very deep rooted myths and fallacies about diabetes. The book serves up the practices necessary for getting a healthy lifestyle to face diabetes the right way, as the author is a firm believer in the adage, Prevention is better than cure.

Prologue

Warning! Do not overlook the book even you have never been diagnosed with diabetes.

Diabetes mellitus has become one of the most wide spread disease in existence. Over the past 35 years the industrialized world has seen the number of diabetes cases increase seven fold. In the United States alone, an estimated $190 billion spent annually on treating diabetes and related complications. As estimated approximately 18 million people in America have diabetes. According to Reuters, the disease kills one person every seven seconds and poses a ‘massive challenge’ to global healthcare systems. But the amazing fact is that just approximately half of these individuals know that they are diabetic.

This is why ‘non-diabetics’ must read the book. Even though diabetes itself is a big enough problem, the side effects of the disease are equally ominous. For instance, one third of the new cases of the end stage kidney disease are due to diabetes. Four out of five diabetic patients eventually will die not from diabetes itself but from cardiovascular disease, initiated by diabetes. Diabetes kills more people each year than breast cancer and HIV/AIDS combined. Each day, 4109 diabetes patients are diagnosed with a stroke and 9589 diabetes patients are diagnosed with coronary artery disease, according to 2007 data from CDC. Did you know that diabetes is the leading cause of amputations and also for the blindness in the elderly? Women with diabetes have a three fold increased risk of death (25.9 per thousand) and whereas a two fold increase risk of death (24.4 per thousand), compare to people without diabetes, according to NHANES data for 1988-2000.

While diabetes was the seventh leading reported cause of death in the US in 2006, studies suggested mortality is under reported with only 35-40% of descendants with diagnosed diabetes having the disease listed anywhere in their death certificate and only 10-15% having it listed as the cause of death, CDC estimates. Diabetes mellitus has reached endemic proportions with more than 94% of these cases known as type 2 diabetes; we must seriously consider what is going wrong! Why it is increasing to epidemic proportions? Why has such an increase in the number of people developing the disease occurred? Is there any way you can personally decrease the risk of developing diabetes?

Get the required answer after reading this book. I am sure, this book will surely provide a new and in depth insight to diabetes which rarely physicians tell us.

CHAPTER 1

Diagnostic Criteria and Therapeutic Guidelines

INTRODUCTION:-

How do you know its diabetes?

First, let’s make sense of symptoms. Diabetes may arrive with no symptoms at all, but often it starts with fatigue. For no apparent reason, your spark is just no longer there. It may also be seen that you are losing water more rapidly, either frequent trips to bathrooms or you may feel thirstier.

Diagnostic Criteria

The diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus were revised in a 1997 EXPERT COMMETTIE REPORT. In these guidelines, the criteria for interpretation of the 75gm of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) have been retained, but the fasting blood glucose criterion has been lowered to 126mg per dl (7mmol per Ltr) this level of fasting hyperglycemia correlates with the point of increased risk for diabetic retinopathy and renal disease defined in epidemiological studies. This threshold, for fasting blood glucose is also highly predictive of patients who will demonstrate abnormal OGTT results. Fasting plasma glucose concentrations of 100-126 mg per dl (6-7mmol/l) reflect impaired fasting glucose regulation and may warrant behavioral interventions to reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Measurements of glycosylated hemoglobin concentrations are not used diagnostically because of poor standardization among clinical laboratories, but are useful in therapeutic monitoring when performed at consistent laboratories.

The high prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and the proven efficacy of diabetic therapy in reducing disease complications, warrant and active approach to case finding and adherence to evidence based therapeutic guidelines. With development of clinical symptoms in type 2 diabetes (polyuria, polydipsia and unexplained weight loss) often occurs after the onset of micro vascular complications. Current American diabetes association guidelines recommend screening all adults over 45 years of age with a fasting blood glucose measurements every three years and a more aggressive approach for adults with other risk factors.

Some of the key screening tests for diabetes are:-

1. Blood pressure measurements

2. Blood glucose measurements

3. HbAIC

4. Cholesterol

5. Electrolytes

6. Waist size (BMI)

7. Inflammation markers: - homocystiine, CRP, IP (α), Fibrin.

8. Microalbumin

9. Bowel regularity

The following is the type of major types of blood tests that your physician may perform to help determine you current state of health (diagnosis) and your future state of health (prognosis) these tests are very important in your overall health planning.

1).Fasting blood glucose:-It measures the amount of glucose (sugar) in the blood.

Range=80-120mg/dl

Optimum level= <100mg/dl

2).HbAIC: It measures the percentage of glucose in the blood during past 3 months. Glucose, formed by the digestion of carbohydrates and conversion of glycogen by the liver is the primary source of energy for most cells. It is regulated by insulin, glucagons, thyroid hormone, liver enzymes and adrenal hormones. Glucose is elevated by diabetes, liver disease, obesity, pancreaitis, steroids, stress and diet.

Low levels may be indication of liver disease, over production of insulin, hypothyroidism and alcoholism.

Range= 4.2-5.2%

Optimum level= 5.0%

3).Blood pressure:-It measures the pressure (force/area) exerted by the blood on the walls of blood vessels.

Ideal<120mmHg/<80mmHg

In addition measuring the blood pressure in the other parts of the body such as the ankle, leg or toe can help to diagnose other problems that may go undetected .For instance, according to recent research from Sweden, measuring toe blood pressure can be affective screening method to identify diabetes with lower extremity arterial disease. Unlike the routine arm blood pressure where both diastolic and systolic pressure are measured, extremity blood pressure measures only systolic (when heart contracts) pressure.

4).Blood cholesterol:-It measures the amount of lipids (fat) in the blood. Cholesterol is the critical fat that is a structural component of the cell membrane and plasma lipoprotein, and is important in the synthesis of steroids. In saturated fats HDL (high density lipoprotein) which indicates more protein less cholesterol as opposed to LDL (low density lipoprotein) which indicates less protein and more cholesterol within the molecule. Elevated cholesterol level has been seen in atherosclerosis, diabetes, hypothyroids and pregnancy. Low levels are seen in depression, malnutrition, liver insufficiency, malignancies, anemia and infection.

TRIGLYCERIDES they are stored in adipose tissues as glycerol and fatty acids and are reconverted as triglycerides by the liver.90%of the dietary intake and 95% of the fat stored in the tissues are triglycerides.

Increased level may be present in atherosclerosis, diabetes, hypothyroidism, liver disease, pancreatitis, myocardial infarction, metabolic disorder and toxemia. Decreased levels may be present in chronic obstruction, pulmonary disease, hypothyroidism, malnutrition and mal-absorption.

LDL:-are the cholesterol remnants of the lipid transport vehicle VLDL{very low density lipoproteins}High level of LDL is an indication of a clogged liver, an unbalanced metabolic system or possible arterial wall damage [atherosclerosis].Due to the expense of direct measurement of LDL, The Friedwald formula is used

LDL =Total cholesterol -HDL cholesterol-Triglycerides/5

When triglycerides levels are greater than 400, this method is not accurate.

HDL is the cholesterol carried by the alpha lipoproteins. A high level of HDL is an indicator of a healthy metabolic system if there is no sign of liver disease. HDL inhibits cellular uptake of LDL AND SERVE AS a CARRIER that removes cholesterol from the peripheral tissues and transfers it back to the liver for catabolism and excretion.

Normal range for these cholesterol parameters are:-

Total cholesterol <200mg/dl

LDL <130mg/dl

HDL<40mg/dl

Triglycerides<150mg/dl

TC/HDL<4:1

LDL/HDL<3:1

Note: Actually the ratios are better indicator of your cholesterol health than the absolute numbers which can be misleading, especially if you have a high HDL-which is a good indicator. But here lies something very obvious, but it still escapes from our eye – It’s the alarming sound of the ratio TGL/HDL that accounts the Syndrome