God Blew, and They Were Scattered Book Ii: Peter's People (The Colonial Years)

Copyright © 2006 by Genevieve Tallman Arbogast.

Library of Congress Control Number:   2005910533

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright owner.

This is an historical fiction, inspired by the lives of the descending generations of the Tallman family, sometimes found as Taelmann; Taleman; Talman; Tollman; Talma; etc. Although the names are authentic, the facts have been embellished to carry the narrative forward. The story is based upon actual historical events and extant documentation.

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Contents

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Preface

INTRODUCTION

(Synopsis)

RESEARCH, AUTHORITIES,

AND DOCUMENTATION

PART I

CHAPTER ONE

BEGINNING ANEW

CHAPTER TWO

FRANKFORT AM MAIN

CHAPTER THREE

FOREIGN AFFAIRS

CHAPTER FOUR

BODY DOCTOR TO JOHN ADOLPHUS

CHAPTER FIVE

DRECKWALL INHERITANCE

CHAPTER SIX

PROFILE OF A WAR

CHAPTER SEVEN

OF TIMES FORETOLD

CHAPTER EIGHT

DEVASTATION

CHAPTER NINE

MARIA

CHAPTER TEN

HARSH REALITY

CHAPTER ELEVEN

AT THE TOLL OF A BELL

CHAPTER TWELVE

JOHN ADOLPHUS, CHRISTIAN IV OF DENMARK

CHAPTER THIRTEEN

GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS OF SWEDEN

CHAPTER FOURTEEN

SWEDISH-FRENCH PHASE (1635-1648)

CHAPTER FIFTEEN

SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN AFTER 1634

PART II

INTRODUCTION

FOURTH GENERATION PETER TALMAN

Peter (4); Peter (3); Jacques (2); Michiel (1)

CHAPTER SIXTEEN

YOUNG PETER

CHAPTER SEVENTEEN

THE CHOICE

CHAPTER EIGHTEEN

PETER GOES TO BARBADOS

CHAPTER NINETEEN

HUMAN CARGO

CHAPTER TWENTY

CARGO: TEN TONS

CHAPTER TWENTY-ONE

THE GOLDEN DOLPHIN

CHAPTER TWENTY-TWO

THE PURITANS REVISITED

CHAPTER TWENTY-THREE

RETURN TO ISLAND PLANTATION

CHAPTER TWENTY-FOUR

‘ . . . MARRIED IN CHRIST CHURCH PARISH’

CHAPTER TWENTY-FIVE

EMIGRANT TO BARBADOS AND NEW ENGLAND

CHAPTER TWENTY-SIX

PARADISE LOST

CHAPTER TWENTY-SEVEN

A PINNACE FOR PETER

CHAPTER TWENTY-EIGHT

STORM WARNINGS

CHAPTER TWENTY-NINE

NEW NETHERLAND

CHAPTER THIRTY

NEW AMSTERDAM

CHAPTER THIRTY-ONE

THE REDEMPTIONER

CHAPTER THIRTY-TWO

THE NAVIGATION LAWS

CHAPTER THIRTY-THREE

THE ART OF HEALING

CHAPTER THIRTY-FOUR

MY WELL BELOVED FRIEND

CHAPTER THIRTY-FIVE

WILLIAMS AND GORTON

CHAPTER THIRTY-SIX

MAKING A DIFFERENCE

CHAPTER THIRTY-SEVEN

MARTHA’S VINEYARD

CHAPTER THIRTY-EIGHT

‘INSOELENT CARRIADGE’

CHAPTER THIRTY-NINE

SUFFERING THE CONSEQUENCES

CHAPTER FORTY

THE LITTLE PURITAN

CHAPTER FORTY-ONE

DEMISE OF THE DUTCH

CHAPTER FORTY-TWO

WAMSETTA, SACHEM OF THE WAMPANOAGS

CHAPTER FORTY-THREE

UNBEARABLE GRIEF

CHAPTER FORTY-FOUR

BENJAMIN

PREVIEW OF BOOK III

GOD BLEW AND THEY WERE SCATTERED

Peter’s People (New Frontiers)

BIBLIOGRAPHY

APPENDIX

Dedicated to my brother,

Denver Eugene (Gene) Tallman

(September 24, 1930-April 28, 2005), in remembrance.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

As expressed in Book I of GOD BLEW AND THEY WERE SCATTERED,

sub-titled Peter’s People, my deepest gratitude goes to those of you who have contributed to The Greater Tallman Family Newsletter, which has made it possible for its editor, Nancy Tallman Walkowski, to make a genealogical record of this family’s descent, which she has made available to libraries and historical societies throughout America. The value of her work shall be cherished as long as there are succeeding generations, who shall point proudly to their European ancestry and their American heritage.

With the continuation of this saga, genealogical records were combined with the histories of the World and Colonial North America. In this effort Kenneth J. Tallman, of Santa Clarita, California, has been a Godsend. Shipped across America, he has sent books from his valuable collection, which few people would have dared to lend. Also, in my quest to obtain a copy of ANCESTRAL LINES, THIRD EDITION, by Carl Boyer, 3rd, Ken went directly to the source, i.e., the Boyers, in Santa Clarita, CA. For his generosity the reader shall be exposed to history to which few others have had access, an example of which is Veit Valentin’s THE GERMAN PEOPLE, written in Germany, about Germany, which encompasses the ‘Thirty Years’ War’ from the viewpoint of one remarkably well-versed in that history; and, yes, the Taelmann (Talman/Tallman, etc.) family was there. Other books that were used as a source of reference, which are on loan from Ken’s library, are annotated in the Bibliography.

My husband, Norman R. Arbogast, who is a retired electrical engineer and estimator, deserves acknowledgement for the tedious hours spent in proofreading the manuscripts of this series, which with his command of the English language makes editing an educational experience.

Appreciation is also expressed for the support of my siblings, who have encouraged me in this endeavor, i.e: Herman Tallman and wife Mary; Janet (Tallman) Russell and husband Jim; the twins, Larry Tallman and wife Bridgette, and Charlie Tallman and wife Shirley; also, Gerald’s wife, Jeri. Gratitude, also, is expressed for the support, interest, and friendship of John Paul Tallman and his wife, Jane, who, also, are descendants of Benjamin Tallman and Dinah (Boone) Tallman. Thanks, also, to those of you who have purchased Book I; your interest is my inspiration to continue the saga.

Preface

As mentioned in Book I of GOD BLEW, AND THEY WERE SCATTERED,

sub-titled, PETER’S PEOPLE, the author, Genevieve Tallman Arbogast, found the inspiration for this series of historical fiction novels through the discovery of ancestors in the Spanish Netherlands, during the rule of Philip II of Spain (1556-1598). Striving to follow the continuum of this family, she has traced them to Schleswig-Holstein, where records proved that they were successful in their escape from the rejuvenated Spanish Inquisition of the Spanish Netherlands (today’s Belgium), which was responsible for so many deaths (by burning) during the Reformation-movement of the Catholic Church.

She has gone on to obtain copies of transcriptions, which validate the long years spent in Holstein to reveal business transactions that prove their success as Flemish speaking immigrants in a country where German was the common language. The name Duke John Adolphus was connected to an inheritance; further research revealed that he became King Christian IV of Denmark, ruler of Scandinavia. The revelations that followed were overwhelming; therefore, intrigued by the history of Scandinavia, parts of which are today Germany, she relentlessly pursued every aspect of the changing face of Europe to find that the ‘Thirty Years’ War,’ which was for the most part fought on the soil of Germany, had in all likelihood been responsible for the deaths of several members of the Taelmann (Tallman) family.

Wondering why young Peter Taelmann, fourth generation from Michiel, had left Denmark’s Schleswig-Holstein (today in Germany), she found evidence of his intentions transcribed from the old Burger Book of Hambrough, where it was stated that he had migrated to the Island of Barbados. The years that had followed the saga of this family had finally stretched out to encompass the era of slavers and slave markets. The story, then, began to blend into American history, which, when examined, exposed some of the animosities that had grown out of the ‘Trade War’ between the English and the Dutch, i.e., the first phase of the Anglo-Dutch War.

As research subtly introduced Peter Talman’s trials in North America, she realized, although she had not heretofore made the connection, that he had cast his lot with the Dutch of New Netherland. It was surprising, because his father was of Flemish descent; however, considering that his mother, Maria, the second wife of the elder Peter, was, indeed, Dutch, it began to make perfectly good sense.

With that knowledge, she found it easy to defend him against the several charges that had sent him to prison. She also found it stunning to learn that Charles II of England, and his brother, James, the Duke of York and Albany, to become James II of England, were the co-conspirators who had (after the alarm had been sounded by Reverend Mayhew) caused Peter Talman to lose title to Indian rights purchased on Martha’s Vineyard.

Even more startling was the fact that the 1664 Royal Land Grant, which claimed Martha’s Vineyard, was the same land grant that claimed the Dutch Colony of New Netherland, forcing its governor, Peter Stuyvesant, to surrender.

Daring to question historians, further examination brought her to the realization that they, too, perhaps unconsciously, presented their viewpoints based upon prejudice. Enlightened, she became sympathetic to the Dutch; but, she became even more sympathetic to the Wampanoag Indians, who unconscionably lost their island paradise, Noeppe, i.e., Martha’s Vineyard, to the ever encroaching English.

In spite of being disappointed by the ruthless practices that had been employed during the early years of America’s growth, the long journey through time proved that fourth generation (beginning with Michiel Taelmann, of Ghent, E. Flanders) Peter Taelmann (Talman) was the progenitor of the Tallman family in North America. With that confirmation, she was encouraged to continue the saga with the next generation.

Book III of GOD BLEW AND THEY WERE SCATTERED, Peter’s People (New Frontiers) shall explore the migration of the youngest born son of the marriage between Benjamin Tallman and the former Patience Durfee, i.e., William Tallman, who shall introduce the allied families of Boone, Lincoln, and Harrison.

INTRODUCTION

(Synopsis)

Continuing with the saga of the family Taelmann (anglicized to Talman,

Tallman, Tollman, Talma, etc.), GOD BLEW AND THEY WERE SCATTERED, BOOK II, Peter’s People (The Colonial Years), the author, Genevieve Tallman Arbogast, has, from extant records, laced together events that would have defined the lives of descending generations.

This narrative begins in Denmark, in Schleswig-Holstein. As the map changes years later, with the end of the ‘Thirty Years’ War’ (1618-1648), Denmark will be sharing a political life in common with Germany and Sweden, as will the formerly independent city-state of Hambrough. However, when the allied families of Talman and de Lichte arrived in Schleswig-Holstein, it was under the jurisdictional rule of a German prince, Duke John Adolphus, who would within five years of their arrival ascend to the throne of Scandinavia as Christian IV of Denmark. For the purposes of this undertaking, however, it will suffice to say that Holstein’s records, then and now, can claim a German heritage.

The allied families of Taelmann and de Lichte arrived in Schleswig-Holstein about 1583, following their narrow escape from the Spanish Netherlands. Prior to their migration, they had been threatened by the rejuvenated Spanish Inquisition, revived during the Counter-Reformation movement of the Catholic Church in the sixteenth century. As disclosed in Book I, the Jesuits of that movement were responsible for the burnings of so many so-called ‘Protestant’ heretics that their crimes against humanity have been compared to that of Hitler’s modern day holocaust.

As time elapses, the children of the next generation are caught up in the wars of Scandinavia, which evolve to eventually draw them into the conflicts of the ‘Thirty Years’ War.’ As might be expected, several members of the Taelmann family are lost on the battlefield. As a result, the elder Peter Taelmann tries to convince his fourth generation sons to leave Schleswig for opportunities in the New World. That begins an adventure for young Peter Taelmann (Talman), which, in 1647, takes him to the Island of Barbados, where he accepts a position on Island Plantation, under the employ of Philip Hill.

During his tenure of almost three years, in the capacity of physician and apothecary, he strives to rehabilitate abused and injured African captives, who are being brought to the island by Captain le Blanc, the slaver. The care-for-work agreement, between the planter and the captain of the Africaneer, makes it possible for failing Island Plantation to continue growing tobacco. The struggle to return the traumatized victims to health, while running a plantation, brings many poignant moments, introducing such delightful characters as Matilda, Prissy, and Mingoe.

Rudie Braithewaite and his wife, Evie, who operate a tavern on the wharf at Surinam, bring color to the narrative as they introduce the young physician to the island and its history, before they become victims of the burgeoning slavery business.

As matters become intense on the island, safety for the inhabitants of Island Plantation becomes a concern. Mistress Hill urges her husband to return with her and their daughter to their former home in Newport, Rhode Island. However, obsessed with the idea of again making the plantation profitable, Hill, instead, begins to search for backing to convert his cash crop from tobacco to sugar cane. Those plans include the development of a shipping service, necessary to transport sugar and its by-products to the North American mainland for exportation to Europe.

In the interim, the young physician becomes attracted to the planter’s beautiful daughter; and, as the attraction is reciprocal, Miss Ann manipulates Peter into riding with her to exercise her father’s thoroughbred horses. As he is taught the skills of an equestrian, many evenings are spent riding along a sandy stretch of beach, which separates Island Plantation from the Atlantic Ocean. The romance that ensues was inevitable.

As Hill’s plans for converting to sugar cane begin to take form, confident in the multi-faceted abilities of the young physician, he persuades Peter to act as his representative on the North American mainland. Accepting the challenge, the would-be merchant is surprised to learn that Hill’s family is making preparations to accompany him, supposedly to enjoy a respite at the old Hill homestead on Rhode Island.

On the mainland, Peter sets the wheels of commerce in motion, establishing markets and making arrangements for launching Island Plantation Enterprises, Hill’s shipping operation.

Returning to Barbados, Miss Ann is stricken by a virus believed to have been cultivated in the darkest reaches of Africa. The illness is long and life-threatening, leaving her parents and physician admirer devastated. Finally, when she begins to rally, Peter pleads with her to marry him before the end of his tenure. A winter wedding follows, giving Ann until June to make a full recovery. With the arrival of the Golden Dolphin, navigated by Captain Nathaniel Maverick, as husband and wife, Peter and Ann embark upon a second voyage to the continent of North America. Mistress Hill and Ann’s infant brother, Robert, make the journey with them, signaling the elder Ann’s separation from her husband, Philip Hill.

Establishing himself in North America, Peter joins the merchants of New Amsterdam, where he oversees the affairs of Hill’s mercantile enterprise. As a linguist, commonly called the ‘Dutchman,’ he aids trade between the Dutch and English in New Amsterdam.

As Hill’s trans-Atlantic operation enables Barbadian clients to enter the mercantile commerce of North America, and as Governor Modyford creates a new economy on Barbados, new wealth springs up to create an elite island society. Unfortunately, it is learned that, within months of their arrival on the mainland, a fatal accident had taken the life of Philip Hill, leaving Rudie Braithwaite and his wife Evie, to continue his work on the Island of Barbados.

In Newport, the barrister, John Elton, lends aid to Hill’s widow, taking charge of Island Plantation Enterprises, which is to become Hill’s legacy to his only son and heir, the infant Robert. Later, the widow and the barrister exchange wedding vows; however, the marriage is short-lived, as Captain Hudson entices the elegant lady to leave Elton for a home in Virginia.

Soon, thereafter, Peter begins his own mercantile enterprise in New Netherland, called Seaboard Enterprises. It provides a shipping service for colonial settlers and fur traders from Maine to Virginia, carrying goods back to New Amsterdam for export to Europe and the British West Indies. However, his frequent absences begin to threaten the stability of his marriage. The problem is solved, at least temporarily, by placing Captain Jonathan Beckett in charge of the seaboard operation.

As the disputes of the Anglo-Dutch Trade War become more intense, Peter begins to fall victim to his allegiance to the Dutch of New Netherland. As early as 1661, Britain begins to flex her muscles by exercising the laws (tariffs) of the Navigation Act. Unable to compete in the climate created by what is seen as unfair trade practices, the Dutch merchants begin smuggling goods through the ports of New Netherland. Peter’s unsuccessful attempt to smuggle tobacco through Flushing is a matter of record.

The now full-fledged merchant’s mercantile enterprise suffers terrible losses during the years of the Trade War; but, none as devastating as that which was brewing on the home front. In 1659, a redemptioner, Thomas Durfee, in service to Peter on his fifteen acre Portsmouth property, had found his wife most attractive; but, not until 1664 did the General Assembly take notice of the  . . . insoelent carriadge of Thomas Durfee with (said)Tallman’s wife. The details of Ann’s unfaithfulness to her husband reveal a long held secret. On 3 May 1665, Peter Tallman is awarded a divorce, based upon charges of adultery.

That same year, i.e., 1665, Peter’s friend, the barrister, John Elton, arranges for Peter to meet Joan Briggs, of Taunton, in the Colony of Plymouth. Based upon an Ante-nuptial Agreement, which promises wealth to her and the issues that might be born of that proposed marriage, they exchange vows in a church in Portsmouth.

A few years earlier, disheartened by the deterioration of Dutch commerce in New Amsterdam, he had turned for guidance to a spiritual leader of that city’s Church of Saint Nicholas. The clergyman’s examples of how others, i.e., Roger Williams and Samuel Gorton, had risen to conquer adversity had inspired him to become involved in politics. As he proved himself reliable and steadfast in lesser offices, he was elected to serve his constituency as a Deputy (representative) to the lower house of the General Assembly, serving during the years of 1662-5. (It is believed that it was during those years that he became influenced by the ideology of the venerable Samuel Gorton.)

In spite of his busy schedule, in 1663, anxious to find a private harbor for his pennance, the Maria, named in honor of his Dutch mother, he took title to Indian rights at Holmes Hole Neck, on the Island of Martha’s Vineyard. That land was confiscated in 1664, attributable to the cunning of Reverend Mayhew, who it is believed feared Dutch expansion. Later, it became evident that he had been the victim of a ruse, which had given Charles II of England time to set in place the 1664 Royal Land Grant, which was issued to his brother, James, the Duke of York and Albany, promising the demise of the Dutch in North America. The patent and/or land grant seized the Island of Martha’s Vineyard, called Noeppe by the Indians, the Island of Nantucket, a disputed territory near Nova Scotia, and forced Governor Stuyvesant to surrender the Dutch Colony of New Netherland to England’s Duke of York and Albany.

With the demise of the Dutch in North America, Peter Talman sells his mercantile enterprise to his former shipmate and friend, Jonathan Beckett, who, as an Englishman, might find reward in the laws of the Navigation Act. With that done, he turns his attention to the time-honored profession of his ancestors, i.e. Peter returned to the Art of Healing, which shall inspire two of his sons to follow him in that tradition.

With Rhode Island taken by Royal Land Grant, in 1663, and with the surrender of the Dutch to the English, in 1664, Peter completes his term in the General Assembly, deciding against further public service. In the years that follow, he finds peace as a husband and father, contributing to the tutelage and careers of his children.

However, before the passing of another decade, the English devise another law with which to harass him. In 1674 charges are brought against him for accepting, in 1661, a gift of land from Wamsetta, the chief sachem of the Wampanoag Indians, who, as a matter of record, had called Peter Talman his ‘well beloved friend.’ Unfortunately, Wamsetta (christened Alexander, in Plymouth) had, in 1662, mysteriously died after a meeting of the General Court in Plymouth, which had charged him with plotting with the Narragansetts against the English. Metacom, his brother (christened Philip) had long held the view that Wamsetta had been poisoned sometime during or after that meeting. Consequently, it is believed that forcing Peter to relinquish Wamsetta’s gift to the English might have angered Metacom, who had succeeded his brother as chief sachem of the Wampanoags. One year later, to the month, Philip declared war on the settlers. The havoc that was wrought upon the colonies, which is described in the narrative, lasted for two years, with many lives lost on both sides. When peace finally returned to the colonies, the struggle was remembered as ‘King Philip’s War.’

In his sixties, when it seems that Peter’s troubles are finally over, he loses his second wife, the former Joan Briggs, to complications of childbirth. His horrendous heartbreak sets the stage for a marriage of convenience to Esther, who provides a home and care for his young children and the infant Benjamin. As the bond between them grows stronger, the ensuing marriage produces two more sons, making him the sire of fifteen children (actually fourteen, explained in the narrative).

The story, then, moves forward to another generation, which begins with Benjamin, the last child born of Peter’s marriage to Joan.

A sketch of the next two generations follows, which shall take William Tallman and his wife Ann (Lincoln) Tallman from old Oley in Pennsylvania into the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia, where they, and their son Benjamin and his wife Dinah (Boone) Tallman, settle near the Boones, Lincolns, and Hentons in Augusta County. The next generation of Tallmans shall several times marry members of the Harrisons of Rockingham County, founders of Harrisonburg, Virginia. The migration of the Tallman family shall be followed as the saga of the Tallman family continues in Book III of GOD BLEW AND THEY WERE SCATTERED, Peter’s People (New Frontiers).

RESEARCH, AUTHORITIES,

AND DOCUMENTATION

Before undertaking to create an historical fiction to simulate the ongoing

struggles of the Taelmann family, it is important to review the transcripts that have been copied from old record books. These transcripts have revealed, or suggested, several facts, that have been used to lend credence to the narrative.

It is important to remain mindful that the first known progenitor of the Taelmann family was Michiel Taelmann, born circa 1520, in the City of Ghent, in the province of East Flanders, in what was, then, the Spanish Netherlands (today’s Belgium). He was born during the rule of Charles I of Spain, who simultaneously ruled as Charles V, Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire (1516-1556). Michiel died during the rule of Charles’ son, Philip II of Spain (1556-1598). The dominion that was renamed the Spanish Netherlands, as a possession of the Spanish Habsburgs (Hapsburgs) of Austria, had in the Middle Ages been called the Duchy of Burgundi, and ruled by a succession of dukes known as the House of Burgundi. For more information, read Book I of GOD BLEW AND THEY WERE SCATTERED.

Michiel’s son, Jacques Taelmann, born c. 1554, in Ghent, East Flanders, later migrated to the province of Antwerpen, also, in the Spanish Netherlands. However, about 1583, as a result of the threat of the rejuvenated Spanish Inquisition of the Catholic Church, he fled from the Spanish Netherlands with his wife, Tanneken Anna (de Lichte) Taelmann, and their children, Peter, Jacques, and the twins, Hans and Anna.

In Denmark’s Schleswig-Holstein they settled in the Parish of the Church of Saint Nicholas, near Hambrough, an independently governed city-state. Schleswig, a part of the old Duchy of Holstein, was, in 1583, ruled by a German Prince, the Duke of Holstein, John Adolphus, who, by 1588, ascended to the throne as King Christian IV of Denmark, ruler of Scandinavia, retaining Schleswig-Holstein as a part of his kingdom. Today, that peninsula is once again a part of Germany.

It was in twentieth century Hamburg, Germany, that records for the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries were found to reveal that the Taelmann family had belonged to the old Church of Saint Nicholas, called, in the German language, Die Nikolaikirche. That distinction becomes significant, as modern-day researchers invariably state that the third generation descendants of the Taelmann family had been born in Hamburg, Germany. However, as mentioned, Hambrough was at that time an independently governed city-state, separate from Denmark’s Schleswig-Holstein, where the old church remains today, although a changing map has positioned it in Hamburg, Germany.

Research is often presented with designations reflecting the nomenclature of modern times. However, during the sixteenth century, as had been the practice throughout the Middle Ages, the conflicts between empires and kingdoms changed the map at regular intervals. As a consequence, boundary lines changed and places were renamed, leaving researchers to struggle with the fog of antiquity.

For instance, in the sixteenth century, an historical map reflects that the country of Denmark, on three sides, bound the independent city-state of Hambrough, with Hambrough being inserted into its territory much like the locking piece of a picture puzzle. As a consequence, it afforded business and mercantile opportunities to those who lived in Denmark’s Schleswig-Holstein. It is likely that the Taelmanns established themselves in Hambrough as burghers (citizens), so that they might conduct business in that state. This prerequisite becomes apparent with respect to an inheritance of land, which shall be examined, later.

As discussed, both Hambrough and the old duchy of Holstein have been absorbed into a greatly expanded Hamburg, Germany. Therefore, in Schleswig’s old Church of Saint Nicholas, which now stands in Hamburg, Germany, modern day researchers have found documentation to prove the success of the exodus of the Taelmann (Taelman, Taleman, Talman, Tallman, Tollman, Talma, etc.) family from the Spanish Netherlands.

The Church of Saint Nicholas (Die Nikolaikirche) was rebuilt in 1842, following a fire that destroyed a third of Hamburg. Sir George Gilbert Scott designed the Gothic-style structure that restored it, according to researcher Jon von Briesen, and as reported by Nancy Tallman Walkowski, editor of The Greater Tallman Family Newsletter.

It is important to this undertaking to acknowledge that the Church of Saint Nicholas is a reformed church, i.e., it is a Protestant church. As it was in this church that documentation was transcribed to prove the descent of the Taelmann family, it reveals that they had embraced church-reform i.e., the ‘Reformation’ movement. The date of their departure, c.1583, suggests that they had joined in the Protestant migration called ‘The Great Migration Northward,’ to escape the ‘Counter-Reformation’ movement of the Catholic Church, which in the Spanish Netherlands had introduced the atrocities of the rejuvenated Spanish Inquisition. The Inquisition had been revived from the Middle Ages; it had been used to purge the Catholic Church of infidels and heretics, who it feared might contaminate its doctrines. For the so-called Protestant heretics, the Grand Inquisitor passed down a sentence of ‘Death by Burning.’ The numbers who were victimized by this practice have been compared to Hitler’s modern-day holocaust.

The following evidence to prove that the Taelmann family did, indeed, establish themselves in the Parish of Saint Nicholas, in Schleswig (Slesvik) Holstein, was excerpted from a book entitled the HONORABLE PELEG TALLMAN (1764-1841), His Ancestors and Descendants, by William M. Emery, privately printed in 1935. The Genealogical Library, in Salt Lake City, Utah, holds the only known extant copy of this genealogical record.

As some of the text is sketchy, comments have been inserted for clarification. The reader is asked to exercise patience in reviewing this research. It is difficult to interpret; therefore, it must be studied to understand the value of its content. It shall become apparent that the 1914 German researcher, Doctor Henry Presch, Jr., did not discover that the Taelmann (Tallman) family had emigrated from Belgium, i.e., the Spanish Netherlands, during the sixteenth century. Nevertheless, documentation transcribed from records, found in the Parish and Church Records, shall prove the lineal progression of the Taelmann family in Europe.

As the following information is perused, keep in mind that further research in Belgium has brought to light new information, which has made it possible to fill in the blanks and correct the errors of earlier research.

To reiterate, Schlewig-Holstein and Hambrough shall appear as Hamburg throughout the German research, which was commissioned in 1914 by the New England Historic Genealogical Society. Do not become confused by those references. Dates and historical maps prove otherwise. Also, as the common language of the old Duchy of Holstein was German, that language was being translated into English, which might have resulted in some erroneous interpretations of the material being perused.

The following is an excerption from THE HONORABLE PELEG TALLMAN, by Wm M. Emery: Tallman Ancestry, page 191:

"Acting upon the clues presented, the Genealogical Society’s Committee on English and Foreign Research commissioned Dr. Henry Presch, Jr., of Hamburg, Germany, to make researches in the Hamburg records for the parentage and ancestry of Peter Tallman of Rhode Island. Entries were found in the books of the Parish of Saint Nicholas, Hamburg, and the Hamburg Burgher Book. From these Mr. Moriarty constructed a brief German pedigree of Peter Tallman of Barbadoes and Rhode Island, as follows:

(Jacques) Talemann (sic), apparently of the duchy of Schleswig-Holstein, was born about 1558. He had beyond doubt four children: Peter, Susanna, Henry, and Anna.

Henry Tallman (sic/Taelmann) of Hamburg, son of the foregoing, born, probably, in Schleswig-Holstein, about 1586, was living in the Parish of St. Nicholas, Hamburg, as late as March 24, 1619. He probably lived for several years after that date."

Comment: Belgium research, by the INSTITUTE OF FAMILY RESEARCH, Salt Lake City, Utah, discovered Jacques Taelmann, father of Henry Taelmann, in Ghent, East Flanders. Jacques, who later migrated to Antwerpen, and Schleswig-Holstein, was born circa 1554, son of Michiel Taelmann, b. circa 1520 in the City of Ghent, province of East Flanders, in the Spanish Netherlands.

The names of four of Jacques’ children were validated by Presch’s research, wherein he stated, He had, beyond doubt, four children, Peter, Susanna, Henry, and Anna. To this narrative it is Peter who is of foremost interest, as he was the father of the fourth generation descendant, also called Peter, who was found in colonial North America.

Presch’s report continues:

He (Henry) probably married Anna, who may have been Anna Talemanns (sic) who was a Godmother at the baptism of Anna, daughter of Peter Tallman, on May 18, 1608.

Comment: It is likely that the Godmother, Anna, was the twin sister of Hans Taelmann, born 1583 in Antwerpen, the child of Jacques Taelmann and Tanneken Anna Taelmann. Third generation Anna Taelmann would have been the sibling of both Peter and Henry.

Also, it is suspect that sixteenth century christening certification and other documentation brought from Belgium (Spanish Netherlands) had been placed on record in the old Schleswig-Holstein Church of Saint Nicholas. If so, the French (Flemish) language that would have been employed to document those records might explain why Presch had so much trouble in transcribing them. It has been said that Flemish is a difficult language to grasp; because, it is a combination of the old Celtic dialect of ancient Gaul, and the more modern dialogue of France.

Presch’s report continues:

He (Henry) was residing in the Parish of St. Nicholas, on September 20, 1616, when his daughter, Anna-Maria, was baptized.

Documentation follows:

Anna-Maria Tallman, baptized in the Church of St. Nicholas, Hamburg, Sept. 20, 1616." (Godmother: Margaret Moellers, wife of Vincent Moellers, according to Dorothy S. Hadlock.)

Elizabeth Tallman, bapt. in the Church of St. Nicholas, Hamburg, March 24, 1619." (Godmother: Wife of Herman Wetcken, cannoneer, according to Dorothy S, Hadlock.)

Comment: As forewarned, it is not likely that seventeenth century records found in the old Church of Saint Nicholas, in Hamburg, Germany, in 1914, appeared as Presch transcribed them. As the records were probably entered in the language of Schleswig-Holstein, i.e., German, he would have translated them into English for the New England Historic Genealogical Society. In so doing, it is apparent that he used twentieth century language to clarify seventeenth century documentation.

It is likely that Hamburg would have appeared as Schleswig-Holstein, and that Tallman would have appeared as Taelmann.

The information added in parenthesis was included for its historical significance. The designation ‘cannoneer’ is startling in that it suggests that Herman Wetcken was a cannoneer, i.e., a soldier, who might have fought in the wars of Scandinavia (1523-1660), and/or the ‘Thirty Years’ War’ (1618-1648). The latter war was long and terrible, accompanied by a plague, which devastated central Europe and Germany. Also, that discovery is significant in that it suggests that Henry Taelmann might have been a comrade-in-arms.

Emery’s transcription of Presch’s report continues with an entry transcribed from the Hamburg Burgher Book:

"Peter Tallman, b. about 1623, and made free in Hamburg August 14, 1646, being admitted as the son of a burgher (citizen) the emigrant of Barbadoes and New England.

He evidently became a burgher of Hamburg, if the Peter Talemann (sic) who was admitted as a burgher in 1646 was his (Henry’s) son."

Comment: The 1646 burgher, i. e., citizen, called Peter, was, in fact, the son of Peter Taelmann (not Peter’s brother Henry), proven later in a christening record). The elder Peter was born in Antwerpen, in the Spanish Netherlands, on 17 May 1579. As mentioned, other siblings born in Antwerpen included Jacques, and the twins, Hans, and Anna.

As disclosed, Presch did find evidence to prove that Peter, Anna, Henry, and Susanna were the children of Jacques Taelmann. However, the names of the children born in Hamburg mentioned only Henry and Susanna. According to researcher Dorothy S. Hadlock, names missing are: Isaac, born c. 1584; and, Michiel, born c. 1585; nor, was there any mention of Hans, born c. 1583 in Antwerpen. Those names had been included in the charts compiled by Dorothy S. Hadlock, according to Carl Boyer, 3rd, ANCESTORS REVISED, which shall be examined, later.

As Presch’s research was meant to establish a pedigree, only, for fourth generation Peter Taelmann (Talman/Tallman/Tollman) it is not surprising that it is not complete. Nevertheless, a debt of gratitude is owed to the New England Historic Genealogical Society for commissioning research in Hamburg, Germany, in 1914. Without such research, it is not likely that the Belgium research would have had a continuum.

See Book I of GOD BLEW AND THEY WERE SCATTERED, pages 314 and 322, for information regarding the genealogical record of the children believed to have been born to Jacques and Tanneken (de Lichte) Taelmann, both in Antwerpen and in Schleswig-Holstein.

The reference made by Presch to Anna, born May 18, 1608, who was the daughter of third generation Peter Taelmann, has been validated, and shall be herein included in another entry.

The research undertaken by Doctor Henry Presch, Jr., in Hamburg, Germany, was initiated in 1914, commissioned under the direction of George Andrews Moriarty of The Committee on English and Foreign Research of The New England Historic Genealogical Society. (Emery’s HON. PELEG TALLMAN, pp. 191.)

That research followed the discovery of a deposition that had been transcribed on the town records of Portsmouth, Rhode Island, which had been taken by her Majesty’s Assistant, Joseph Sheffield, 17 March 1702/3. The deposition shall be examined later.

As the review of the Hamburg, Germany, research is concluded one wonders if the old Church of Saint Nicholas, and the record books of the Parish of Saint Nicholas, might still hold valuable secrets pertaining to the descent of the Taelmann family.

Unfortunately, Dr. Henry Presch, Jr. made no mention of the fact that the Taelmann family had emigrated from Antwerpen, which resulted in the fragmentation of their Antwerpen and Schleswig-Holstein history.

For readers who do not have access to Book I of GOD BLEW AND THEY WERE SCATTERED, the following is a brief summary of the direct descent of the de Lichte family, who became allied with the Taelmann family in Europe.

Listed are the ancestors of Tanneken Anna de Lichte, Jacques Taelmann’s betrothed. When Jacques and Anna married, their bloodlines blended to produce the lineage that would ultimately introduce fourth generation Peter Taelmann (Talman), who would become the progenitor of the Tallman family in America.

The de Lichte descent begins with their first known progenitor:

i.   Wouter de Lichte, born Flanders c. 1450, who would have been one of the old Burgundians, i.e., he would have lived in the old duchy of Burgundi, ruled by a succession of dukes until its demise in 1477, when the last duke, called ‘Charles the Bold,’ was killed in battle.

ii.   Peter de Lichte (1474-1555), born Antwerpen; married Kateline Scheelkens, also, born Antwerpen 1478. Kateline’s father was Aart Scheelkens, probably of Flanders. (In 1477, after the fall of the dukes of Burgundi, the former duchy of Burgundi became known as the ‘old Burgundian inheritance’ by the ruling Austrian House of Hapsburg, who had inherited it as a bride’s dowry in the late fifteenth century.)

iii.   Aert de Lichte, born Antwerpen 1503; married Kathline Wayers-Herwijns, born Antwerpen 1500. (In Aert’s lifetime, Charles I of Spain (1517-1556) became both King of Spain and Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, which marked the rise of the Spanish House of Hapsburg, previously the Austrian House of Hapsburg, the ruling house of the Holy Roman Empire. With the Spaniards’ rise to power, the duchy of Burgundi, i. e., the bride’s dowry called the ‘old Burgundian inheritance,’ became known as the Spanish Netherlands).

iv.   Peter de Lichte (1531-1602), was born in Antwerpen, in the Spanish Netherlands; married Peternelle de Neve, born Antwerpen 1535. Peter and Peternelle were married in Antwerpen 21 Oct. 1554. Peter died 26 Jul. 1602, buried in Antwerpen. (Peternelle was the daughter of Antonis de Neve, born 1505; who had married Margareta Van der Hagen.)

v.   Tanneken (Anna) de Lichte was born in Antwerpen, in the Spanish Netherlands, in 1558, the daughter of Peter de Lichte, and Peternelle (de Neve) de Lichte; married Jacques Taelmann, 15 June 1578. Jacques was born in the City of Ghent, province of East Flanders, in the Spanish Netherlands, circa 1554. He, his wife, and their family migrated to Denmark’s Schleswig-Holstein, circa 1583. (His father, Michiel Taelmann, was born circa 1520, in Ghent, East Flanders. Jacques’ mother, Madame Michiel Taelmann, was born circa 1531; her Christian and maiden names remain undocumented.) Doc: Institute of Family Research, Salt Lake City, Utah.

vi.   Children of Jacques and Anna Taelmann, born in Antwerpen: