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    Parathyroid Gland, Functions, Diseases, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
    Parathyroid Gland, Functions, Diseases, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
    Parathyroid Gland, Functions, Diseases, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
    Ebook129 pages2 hours

    Parathyroid Gland, Functions, Diseases, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions

    By Kenneth Kee

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    This book describes Parathyroid Gland, Functions, Diseases, Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases

    Four little grains of parathyroid glands
    At the back of the butterfly shaped Thyroid Gland
    You all produce a bit of parathyroid hormone
    To regulate the calcium in the blood and bone
    But when your glands produce too much
    And one of you suddenly become enlarged
    You really make me suffer all the weakness and pain
    From the loss of calcium accumulated in the bones in vain
    Calcium and phosphorus combine to make calcium phosphate.
    That material gives hardness and strength to bones and dental plate
    Calcium is also needed to help blood to clot after an injury.
    It is also required for muscles and nerves to work properly
    Phosphorus works with calcium to do these jobs.
    Excess parathyroid hormone will cause the phosphorus and energy to drop
    No medicine has been known to cure this wayward gland.
    I am afraid that only your removal will be the only end

    -An original poem by Kenneth Kee

    The parathyroid glands are 4 tiny glands sited at the back of the thyroid glands or within the thyroid gland itself or in the chest in humans and produce the parathyroid hormone (PTH).
    PTH increases the blood calcium level by:
    1.Breaking down the bone and causing calcium release
    2.Raising the body's ability to absorb calcium from food
    3.Raising the kidney's ability to keep calcium that would otherwise be lost in the urine.
    PTH regulates the levels of 3 minerals in the body:
    1.Calcium,
    2.Phosphorus and
    3.Magnesium.
    Life and Death of Parathyroid Cell
    My name is Calcium Man the Parathyroid Gland Cell.
    I was named Calcium Man by my friends who feel that Calcium Man is the most suitable name of a cell from Calcium controlling Parathyroid gland of the human body.
    We Parathyroid gland cells do not just spring into existence from embryo stem cells.
    My Parathyroid hormones control the amount of calcium in the blood and within the bones so that the nervous and muscular systems can function properly.
    If the calcium level drops in the blood, we parathyroid gland cells will sense it and release our parathyroid hormone which will then goes to the cells of the bone to take the calcium out and place it in the blood stream so that the calcium level becomes normal again
    We parathyroid glands originate from the interaction of neural crest mesenchyme and third and fourth branchial pouch endoderm
    Our superior parathyroid glands arise from the fourth pharyngeal pouch
    Our inferior parathyroid glands arise from the third pharyngeal pouch.
    Everybody with a bad parathyroid gland will eventually develop bad osteoporosis--unless the bad gland is removed
    There is only one way to treat my parathyroid problems and that is Surgery.
    Calcium is the element that allows the normal conduction of electrical currents along nerves.
    The entire brain works by fluxes of calcium into and out of the nerve cells.
    Calcium is also the primary element which causes muscles to contract.
    This is why my parathyroid gland is so important for the control of calcium in the body.
    The major function of we parathyroid glands is to maintain the body's calcium level within a very narrow range so that the nervous and muscular systems of the body can function properly.
    When blood calcium level drops below a certain point, calcium-sensing receptors in the parathyroid gland are activated to release our Parathyroid hormone into the blood.
    Our Parathyroid hormone has effects antagonistic to those of calcitonin.
    Without my parathyroid gland, the function of the brain and muscles in the body will be affected.
    As in all cell deaths, death of my Parathyroid gland cell is by apoptosis or necrosis.

    TABLE OF CONTENT
    Introduction
    Chapter 1 Parathyroid Gland
    Chapter 2 Functions
    Chapter 3 Life Cycle
    Chapter 4 Diseases

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherKenneth Kee
    Release dateDec 28, 2018
    ISBN9780463113660
    Parathyroid Gland, Functions, Diseases, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
    Author

    Kenneth Kee

    Medical doctor since 1972.Started Kee Clinic in 1974 at 15 Holland Dr #03-102, relocated to 36 Holland Dr #01-10 in 2009.Did my M.Sc (Health Management ) in 1991 and Ph.D (Healthcare Administration) in 1993.Dr Kenneth Kee is still working as a family doctor at the age of 74However he has reduced his consultation hours to 3 hours in the morning and 2 hours inthe afternoon.He first started writing free blogs on medical disorders seen in the clinic in 2007 on http://kennethkee.blogspot.com.His purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of his patients which is also his dissertation for his Ph.D (Healthcare Administration). He then wrote an autobiography account of his journey as a medical student to family doctor on his other blog http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.comThis autobiography account “A Family Doctor’s Tale” was combined with his early “A Simple Guide to Medical Disorders” into a new Wordpress Blog “A Family Doctor’s Tale” on http://ken-med.com.From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 1000 eBooks.He apologized for typos and spelling mistakes in his earlier books.He will endeavor to improve the writing in futures.Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.The later books go into more details of medical disorders.He has published 1000 eBooks on various subjects on health, 1 autobiography of his medical journey, another on the autobiography of a Cancer survivor, 2 children stories and one how to study for his nephew and grand-daughter.The purpose of these simple guides is to educate patient on health disorders and not meant as textbooks.He does not do any night duty since 2000 ever since Dr Tan had his second stroke.His clinic is now relocated to the Buona Vista Community Centre.The 2 units of his original clinic are being demolished to make way for a new Shopping Mall.He is now doing some blogging and internet surfing (bulletin boards since the 1980's) startingwith the Apple computer and going to PC.The entire PC is upgraded by himself from XT to the present Pentium duo core.The present Intel i7 CPU is out of reach at the moment because the CPU is still expensive.He is also into DIY changing his own toilet cistern and other electric appliance.His hunger for knowledge has not abated and he is a lifelong learner.The children have all grown up and there are 2 grandchildren who are even more technically advanced than the grandfather where mobile phones are concerned.This book is taken from some of the many articles in his blog (now with 740 posts) A Family Doctor’s Tale.Dr Kee is the author of:"A Family Doctor's Tale""Life Lessons Learned From The Study And Practice Of Medicine""Case Notes From A Family Doctor"

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      Book preview

      Parathyroid Gland, Functions, Diseases, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions - Kenneth Kee

      Parathyroid Gland, Functions,

      Diseases,

      A

      Simple

      Guide

      To

      The Condition,

      Diagnosis,

      Treatment

      And

      Related Conditions

      By

      Dr Kenneth Kee

      M.B.,B.S. (Singapore)

      Ph.D (Healthcare Administration)

      Copyright Kenneth Kee 2018 Smashwords Edition

      Published by Kenneth Kee at Smashwords.com

      Dedication

      This book is dedicated

      To my wife Dorothy

      And my children

      Carolyn, Grace

      And Kelvin

      This book describes Parathyroid Cell, Functions, Diseases, Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases which is seen in some of my patients in my Family Clinic.

      (What You Need to Treat Parathyroid Cell, Functions, Diseases)

      This eBook is licensed for your personal enjoyment only. This eBook may not be re-sold or given away to other people. If you would like to share this book with another person, please purchase an additional copy for each reader.

      If you’re reading this book and did not purchase it, or it was not purchased for your use only, then please return to Smashwords.com and purchase your own copy.

      Thank you for respecting the hard work of this author.

      Introduction

      I have been writing medical articles for my blog: http://kennethkee.blogspot.com (A Simple Guide to Medical Disorder) for the benefit of my patients since 2007.

      My purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of my patients.

      Health Education was also my dissertation for my Ph.D (Healthcare Administration).

      I then wrote an autobiolographical account of his journey as a medical student to family doctor on his other blog: http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.com.

      This autobiolographical account A Family Doctor’s Tale was combined with my early A Simple Guide to Medical Disorders into a new Wordpress Blog A Family Doctor’s Tale on http://kenkee481.wordpress.com.

      From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 800 eBooks.

      Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.

      For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.

      The later books go into more details of medical disorders.

      The first chapter is always from my earlier blogs which unfortunately tends to have typos and spelling mistakes.

      Since 2013, I have tried to improve my spelling and writing.

      As I tried to bring the patient the latest information about a disorder or illness by reading the latest journals both online and offline, I find that I am learning more and improving on my own medical knowledge in diagnosis and treatment for my patients.

      Just by writing all these simple guides I find that I have learned a lot from your reviews (good or bad), criticism and advice.

      I am sorry for the repetitions in these simple guides as the second chapters onwards have new information as compared to my first chapter taken from my blog.

      I also find repetition definitely help me and maybe some readers to remember the facts in the books more easily.

      I apologize if these repetitions are irritating to some readers.

      Chapter 1

      Parathyroid Gland

      Four little grains of parathyroid glands

      At the back of the butterfly shaped Thyroid Gland

      You all produce PTH parathyroid hormone

      To regulate the calcium in the blood and bone

      But when your glands produce too much

      And one of you suddenly become enlarged

      You really make me suffer all the weakness and pain

      From the loss of calcium accumulated in the bones in vain

      Calcium and phosphorus combine to make calcium phosphate.

      That material gives hardness and strength to bones and dental plate

      Calcium is also needed to help blood to clot after an injury.

      It is also required for muscles and nerves to work properly

      Phosphorus works with calcium to do these jobs.

      Excess parathyroid hormone will cause the phosphorus and energy to drop

      No medicine has been known to cure this wayward gland.

      I am afraid that only your removal will be the only end

      -An original poem by Kenneth Kee

      What are Parathyroid Glands?

      The parathyroid glands are 4 tiny glands sited at the back of the thyroid glands or within the thyroid gland itself or in the chest in humans and produce the parathyroid hormone (PTH).

      They are the size of a grain of rice (weighs about 30 milligrams and is 3-4 millimeters in diameter).

      The Parathyroid hormones regulate the quantity of calcium in the blood and within the bones so that the nervous and muscular systems can function properly.

      If the calcium level falls in the blood, the parathyroid gland will sense it.

      It will then secrete the parathyroid hormone which will then goes to the cells of the bone to take the calcium out and release it in the blood stream so that the calcium level becomes normal again.

      PTH increases the blood calcium level by:

      1. Breaking down the bone (where most of the body's calcium is accumulated) and causing calcium release

      2. Raising the body's ability to absorb calcium from food

      3. Raising the kidney's ability to keep calcium that would otherwise be lost in the urine.

      Normal parathyroid glands function like the thermostat in the home to keep blood calcium levels in a very tightly regulated range.

      When the blood calcium level falls too low, PTH is secreted to bring the calcium level back up to normal.

      When the calcium level is normal or gets slightly too high, normal parathyroid will stop secreting PTH.

      Proper calcium balance is essential to the normal functioning of the heart, nervous system, kidneys, and bones.

      This hormone helps to regulate the levels of 3 minerals in the body:

      1. Calcium,

      2. Phosphorus and

      3. Magnesium.

      Parathyroid hormone gives a number of effects in the body:

      It induces the release of calcium from bones.

      It induces calcium to be absorbed (taken up into the blood) from the intestine.

      It prevents the kidneys from excreting (getting rid of) calcium in the urine.

      It induces the kidneys to excrete phosphate in the urine.

      It raises blood levels of magnesium.

      Everybody with an abnormal parathyroid gland will ultimately produce high calcium in the blood and osteoporosis unless the bad gland is eliminated.

      A person can readily survive with one (or even 1/2) parathyroid gland

      Anatomy

      The two parathyroid glands on each

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