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    Genesis to Revelation: Numbers, Deuteronomy Leader Guide: A Comprehensive Verse-by-Verse Exploration of the Bible
    Genesis to Revelation: Numbers, Deuteronomy Leader Guide: A Comprehensive Verse-by-Verse Exploration of the Bible
    Genesis to Revelation: Numbers, Deuteronomy Leader Guide: A Comprehensive Verse-by-Verse Exploration of the Bible
    Ebook212 pages2 hours

    Genesis to Revelation: Numbers, Deuteronomy Leader Guide: A Comprehensive Verse-by-Verse Exploration of the Bible

    By Wayne Barr

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    About this ebook

    Study the books of Numbers and Deuteronomy, beginning with Moses and Adam numbering the people and ending with Moses' death and the Israelites continuing. Some of the major ideas explored are: identity; the blessing of God; the problems of freedom; realism, faith, and the future; following through; living with consequences; misusing the name of the Lord; observing the Sabbath; love and law; the seriousness of disloyalty; hiding from need; and
    advancing toward justice.
    Leader Guide includes:

    A verse-by-verse, in-depth look at the Scriptures.
    Background material, including word studies and history of the biblical setting.
    Answers to questions asked in the Participant Book.
    Application of the Scripture to daily life situations.
    Discussion suggestions.
    A variety of study options.
    Practical tips for leaders to use.


    More than 3.5 million copies of the series have been sold.

    This revision of the Abingdon classic Genesis to Revelation Series is a comprehensive, verse-by-verse, book-by-book study of the Bible based on the NIV. These studies help readers strengthen their understanding
    and appreciation of the Bible by enabling them to engage the Scripture on three levels:

    What does the Bible say? Questions to consider while reading the passage for each session.
    What does the passage mean? Unpacks key verses in the selected passage.
    How does the Scripture relate to my life? Provides three major ideas that have meaning for our lives today.


    The meaning of the selected passages are made clear by considering such aspects as ancient customs, locations of places, and the meanings of words. The simple format makes the study easy to use.
    Updates will include:

    New cover designs.
    New interior designs.
    Leader Guide per matching Participant Book (rather than multiple volumes in one book).
    Updated to 2011 revision of the New International Version Translation (NIV).
    Updated references to New Interpreters Dictionary of the Bible.
    Include biblical chapters on the contents page beside session lesson titles for at-a-glance overview of biblical structure.
    Include larger divisions within the contents page to reflect macro-structure of each biblical book. Ex: Genesis 1-11; Genesis 12-50; Exodus 1-15; Exodus 16-40; Isaiah 1-39; Isaiah 40-66.


    The simple format makes the study easy to use. Each volume is 13 sessions.
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherAbingdon Press
    Release dateJan 15, 2019
    ISBN9781501855504
    Genesis to Revelation: Numbers, Deuteronomy Leader Guide: A Comprehensive Verse-by-Verse Exploration of the Bible

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      Book preview

      Genesis to Revelation - Wayne Barr

      1

      MOSES AND AARON NUMBER THE PEOPLE

      Numbers 1–4

      DIMENSION ONE:

      WHAT DOES THE BIBLE SAY?

      Answer these questions by reading Numbers 1

      1. Where are the children of Israel when Numbers begins? (1:1)

      They are in the Desert of Sinai.

      2. Where does God speak to Moses? (1:1)

      God speaks to Moses in the tent of meeting.

      3. What does the Lord tell Moses to do? Why? (1:1-3)

      God tells Moses to take a census in order to discover the number of men able to go to war.

      4. Moses numbers twelve groups. What are the names and the count given for each group? (1:20-46)

      5. Which important tribe is omitted? Why? (1:47-53)

      The Levites are omitted because they are appointed to the care of the tabernacle.

      Answer these questions by reading Numbers 2

      6. Where are the Israelites to camp? (2:2)

      They are to camp around the tent of meeting.

      7. The twelve tribes are divided into four groups of three tribes each. Which tribes are located in each of the directions below?

      East (2:3-9): Judah, Issachar, Zebulun

      South (2:10-16): Reuben, Simeon, Gad

      West (2:18-24): Ephraim, Manasseh, Benjamin

      North (2:25-31): Dan Asher Naphtali

      8. The tent of meeting is in the middle of the camp. Who encamps closest to it? (2:17)

      The Levites encamp closest to the tent.

      Answer these questions by reading Numbers 3

      9. What is the work of the Levites? (3:5-8)

      The Levites perform duties for Aaron and for the congregation, minister before the tabernacle, and have charge of all the furnishings of the tent of meeting.

      10. For whom are the Levites a substitute? (3:11-13)

      The Levites substitute for the firstborn males of Israel.

      11. How does the numbering of the Levites differ from the general census described in 1:3? (3:15)

      All males over one month are counted, whereas in the general census only those over twenty years of age are included.

      12. The three Levite groups are assigned places around the tabernacle and responsibilities for its maintenance. What are the location and work of each group?

      13. Who camps east of the tabernacle? (3:38)

      Moses, Aaron, and Aaron’s sons camp east of the tabernacle.

      Answer these questions by reading Numbers 4

      14. Who is Moses to count in the third census? (4:2-3, 22-23, 29-30)

      He is to count all males from thirty to fifty years old who work in the tent of meeting.

      15. What is the special work of the sons of Aaron? (4:5-14)

      They dismantle and cover the most holy things (ark, altar, vessels, and so on) in preparation for travel.

      16. What does the Lord specify about holy things? (4:15, 18-20)

      No one except the sons of Aaron shall touch or look upon them.

      17. Each group of the Levites is to carry certain things when the Israelites travel. Are these the same as those indicated in chapter 3? (4:4, 25-26, 31-32)

      Yes, the areas of responsibility are the same as those in chapter 3.

      DIMENSION TWO:

      WHAT DOES THE BIBLE MEAN?

      Introduction to Numbers

      With this lesson, we begin the study of the book of Numbers. Its thirty-six chapters open with the census of the Israelites while they are still at Sinai, where God had revealed the covenant law to Israel. The book then recounts the events of the long desert wandering and ends with the people of God on the plains of Moab, making preparation for entrance into the Promised Land. In addition to its narrative, Numbers includes instruction and legal regulations about such varied topics as the numbering of Israel, the tabernacle, strategy for encampment, Levites and priests, offerings, and holiness.

      The book is divided into three parts. The first, chapters 1–9, deals with the situation while Israel is still at Sinai. The second, chapters 10–21, tells of the wandering in the desert. The third, chapters 22–36, recounts the arrival at the plains of Moab, across the Jordan from Jericho. Numbers is not a straightforward, flowing narrative. It is a combination of story and legal regulation.

      The book’s name, derived from the term used in the Septuagint (an early Greek translation of the Old Testament), is somewhat misleading. The name refers to the census activity found only in chapters 1–4 and again in chapter 26. The Hebrew title, in the desert, more fully describes the life and experience portrayed in Numbers.

      Background Information on Numbers 1–4

      Some Bible students conclude that the book of Numbers contains at least two major accounts of the ancient Israelite traditions. The earlier account probably took shape in the reigns of David and Solomon and addressed the issues in Israel’s establishment of a monarchy. The second major account is usually attributed to the time of the Exile, when it spoke to the questions precipitated by the fall of Judah in 587 BC. Interpreting and reshaping old traditions, the writers address the issues of Israel’s survival and the nature of its future. This writing is done in a time when all the institutions (kingship, temple, nationhood) have been destroyed, Jerusalem is in ruins, and many of the ablest people are captive in a strange land. The basic emphases are the temple, the priesthood, and the proper practice of worship. Together these emphases address the question of how Israel can survive and look with hope to the future as the people of God.

      The dating of Old Testament material involves two aspects. The first is to determine when the reported events occurred. The second is to define when the story was written. While these dates may coincide in some cases, to ignore the possible difference in times may result in the Bible student missing one of the most distinctive characteristics of the Old Testament. This characteristic is the use of a traditional story from ancient times to make a crucial point at a later period.

      Stories are powerful witnesses to the nature and responsibilities of God’s people in the new and different situations that occur during successive periods of their turbulent history. The constant element is faith in the action of God. Israel’s traditions are shaped and reshaped to articulate this faith. The resulting narratives are appropriate and relevant to the widely varied conditions and cultures that Israel encountered.

      Numbers 1:1. The Sinai setting for the events of these chapters continues that of Exodus 19–40 and all of Leviticus. Sinai is the location of God’s central revelation of covenant law. This includes the Ten Commandments (Exodus 20:1-17); the Covenant Code (Exodus 20:21–23:19); the detailed instructions for making the tabernacle (most of Exodus 24–40); and the legal regulations pertaining to worship, priesthood, and sacrifice (Leviticus).

      The Sinai revelation is the focus of one of the main traditions in the Old Testament. It includes such prominent elements as covenant, revealed law as the specification of covenant responsibility, and emphasis on the action of a sovereign God. Moses is the central figure in this tradition.

      In contrast to God’s earlier revelation at Sinai, which was given to Moses on the sacred mountain (see especially Exodus 20–40), the revelation recorded in Numbers comes to him in the tent of meeting. While the book of Numbers always identifies this setting with the tabernacle, interesting references elsewhere (e.g., Exodus 33:7-11) indicate that the tent of meeting is outside the camp. It serves primarily as a place where the Lord gives oracles to Moses, and apparently is open to others beside Moses.

      The tabernacle in Exodus and Numbers is identified with this tent of meeting. The tabernacle, however, is located in the middle of camp; functions as the worship center, with priesthood and altar;is much larger and more elaborate; and may be entered only by members of the priesthood. Perhaps the tabernacle, with its emphasis on specific detail, is an anticipatory model of Solomon’s temple. If, as some scholars believe, Numbers 1–4 was written during the Exile, then the tabernacle functions in the account to show the centrality of worship for Israel. This message is particularly timely for a nation whose existence is severely challenged. The people of God, stunned by the tragedy of exile, are trying to discern the shape of their future. Numbers sets forth the temple, the sacrificial system, and the priesthood as the focus for discovering what is asked of God’s people in exchange for their survival and the fulfillment of their divine destiny.

      The tabernacle, while perhaps elaborating on a simpler tent-of-meeting model, is an authentic symbol of the meaning of the desert experience for the exiles: God is in their midst, and they are called to respond in faithful worship.

      Numbers 1:2. God’s command to Moses to take a census of the whole Israelite community sets the theme of the opening chapters of the book. Moses takes a general census (chap. 1), numbers all the Levites above the age of one month (chap. 3), and takes a second count of Levites between thirty and fifty years old (chap. 4). In addition to the census described in chapter 1, a second general census is taken thirty-eight years later on the plains of Moab (chap. 26). The idea of numbering a people is not strange in the ancient Near East. The Mari texts of the eighteenth century BC make specific reference to such a census in a tribal confederation. In Numbers, the census serves the purpose of external organization and is considered acceptable to God.

      The census idea gets quite a different reading in 2 Samuel 24 (see also 1 Chronicles 21). David’s counting of the people is seen as a violation of God’s will and results in severe punishment. Although the reasons for the different view are not clear, we can surmise that David’s census went against ancient tribal concepts and was regarded as the king’s usurpation of divine right and power. Chapters 1 and 26 in Numbers indicate no such struggle between tribe and king. These chapters present the census as a desirable step in organizing the people of God.

      Numbers 1:20-46; 2:1-34. The participant book discusses the importance and meaning of the tribal list in Israel’s recounting of history. In addition, you may wish to compare the list and groupings in chapters 1–2 with the geography of the tribal settlements in Palestine. Most Bible atlases will include a territorial map that gives this information. (Good examples may be found in the Oxford Bible Atlas and the Westminster Historical Atlas to the Bible.)

      Numbers 3:1-10, 14-43; 4:1-33. The Old Testament references to the Levites, their place in Israel, and their relation to the Aaronite priests are somewhat varied. An early story in Judges 17–18 speaks of a Levite who functioned as a priest and established a worship center in Dan, where his descendants were priests until 721 BC. In the time of Josiah’s reform (621 BC), the Levites were considered as full

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