Nature's Case for God: A Brief Biblical Argument
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About this ebook
Many Protestant Christians are suspicious of natural theology, which claims that we can learn about God through revelation outside the Bible. How can we know anything about God apart from Scripture? In Nature's Case for God, distinguished theologian John Frame argues that Christians are not forbidden from seeking to learn about God from his creation. In fact, the Bible itself shows this to be possible.
In nine short and lucid chapters that include questions for discussion, Frame shows us what we can learn about God and how we relate to him from the world outside the Bible. If the heavens really do declare the glory of God, as the psalmist claims, it makes a huge difference for how we understand God and how we introduce him to those who don't yet know Christ.
John M. Frame
John M. Frame (DD, Belhaven College) is J. D. Trimble Chair of Systematic Theology and Philosophy at Reformed Theological Seminary in Orlando, Florida. He has published many books, including The Doctrine of God and Systematic Theology.
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Reviews for Nature's Case for God
6 ratings2 reviews
- Rating: 2 out of 5 stars2/5Meh. I like theology books and this was a waste of time. Very little substance, very tissue-paper level depth of information, best for sixth graders at best. For a much better theology book check out Keith Wards's books.
- Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5Frame is gifted in his ability to see and say with clarity. Specifically, this book helped to bring clarity to the question: "What can a person conclude about God from natural/general revelation?" I would recommend this as an accessible resource for any laymen seeking to understand this topic better.
Book preview
Nature's Case for God - John M. Frame
Letters
PREFACE
This book may be described as a natural theology.
That phrase traditionally denotes the attempt to learn about God through revelation outside the Bible. Although natural theology has been an important discipline historically, as in the writings of Thomas Aquinas, its prestige more recently has fallen considerably. When Emil Brunner wrote a rather mild defense of the discipline, Karl Barth answered him with a thundering reply, named simply NO.
¹ Since then, anyone approaching this subject has had to give an argument for its legitimacy. This requirement bears especially on apologists of the presuppositional school of apologetics, the school I am associated with.
Now there are good reasons for objecting to natural theology. Barth’s objections arise out of his unique conception of the christological focus of all revelation,² but a Protestant who is more traditional and orthodox than him might also reject natural theology. Those who are committed to the Christ of Scripture ask how we can seek to know anything without the aid of Scripture, let alone try to know God without it. That would be like a student who ignores the entire reading list for a course in chemistry and seeks to answer the exam questions out of his own head. Not only does Scripture provide important knowledge about God, but in one sense, Protestant theologians have always said that Scripture is sufficient to tell us what we need to know about him. Hence the Reformation motto sola Scriptura.
It might seem, therefore, that for Protestants, natural theology is a violation of that principle. But in fact, the principle does not forbid us to seek knowledge of God from creation. Rather, Scripture itself tells us that God is revealed everywhere and that human beings are therefore under obligation, not only to hear God’s word in Scripture, but to obey his revelation in all creation.
NATURAL THEOLOGY AND APOLOGETICS
This objection to natural theology, and the reply to it, has a particular application to presuppositional apologetics. Apologetics is the activity of Christians as they respond to unbelief (always being prepared to make a defense to anyone who asks you for a reason for the hope that is in you,
1 Pet 3:15). As developed by Cornelius Van Til, presuppositional apologetics is particularly concerned to be subject to Scripture in its reasoning. The revelation of God in Scripture is the presupposition
of all human reasoning, so that when reasoning violates Scripture it loses its own basis for validity.³ But again, it is Scripture itself that tells us to look at the created world to see the imprint of its Creator. Our presupposition urges us to look at the world God has made, and to look at ourselves, his image (Gen 1:27).
So my defense of natural theology is a simple one. The Bible says that God is revealed in everything he has created, not only in the Bible. This is especially evident in Psalm 19 and Romans 1:
The heavens declare the glory of God,
and the sky above proclaims his handiwork.
Day to day pours out speech,
and night to night reveals knowledge.
There is no speech, nor are there words,
whose voice is not heard.
Their voice goes out through all the earth,
and their words to the end of the world. (Ps 19:1–4)
For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men, who by their unrighteousness suppress the truth. For what can be known about God is plain to them, because God has shown it to them. For his invisible attributes, namely, his eternal power and divine nature, have been clearly perceived, ever since the creation of the world, in the things that have been made. So they are without excuse. For although they knew God, they did not honor him as God or give thanks to him, but they became futile in their thinking and their hearts were darkened. (Rom 1:18–21)
These passages teach us that it is impossible to escape the evidence for God, indeed to escape his presence with us. The Creator has left his mark on his creation. The second passage, of course, is very negative, for it is directed to those who rebel against God. But that fact increases its force: even rebels know God clearly, so that their unbelief and rebellion is their own fault. Note that their knowledge is not only a knowledge of facts about God. Verse 21 puts it in personal terms: they actually know God; they have a personal knowledge of God, of course as enemies rather than as friends. So their knowledge is intimate and profound, as well as correct.
These passages describe a universal knowledge of God. Even people who don’t read the Bible know God and are responsible for their unbelief.
But how does this knowledge work? What is it like? How does it get into us? The Bible doesn’t tell us much about the nuts and bolts. The reason is that, as Romans 1 indicates, this extrabiblical revelation (also called natural
revelation and general
revelation) does not make people into believers, and the Bible is primarily a book about salvation. When fallen human beings encounter natural revelation, they suppress
it, so the message of salvation must come from somewhere else. God saves us from sin through an additional form of revelation, the preaching of the good news of Christ (Rom 10:14–17). It is preaching that breaks down our rebellion and brings us to repent and believe. So the mechanics of natural revelation are to some extent irrelevant to our salvation from sin. For saving knowledge of God, natural revelation is insufficient.
But there is more to be said. Natural revelation is not entirely irrelevant to the Bible’s central message.