Two Kinds of Knowledge
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About this ebook
The English writer, Samuel Johnson once declared: ‘Knowledge is of two kinds. We know a subject ourselves, or we know where to find information on it.’
This resource for teachers contains forty challenges which invite students to name things within a given category. An example is to collect the names of towns or cities with a river running through them. Students first tackle this challenge without access to reference material — in short, they display Johnson’s first kind of knowledge. Later, students are allowed library and on-line access and so demonstrate the second kind of knowledge.
In this way, students work cooperatively, expand their knowledge and vocabulary while gaining reading and research skills.
David McRobbie
David McRobbie was born in Glasgow in 1934. After an apprenticeship he joined the Merchant Navy as a marine engineer and sailed the world, or some of it. Eventually he worked his passage to Australia, got married and settled down for a bit only to move to Papua New Guinea where he trained as a teacher. Subsequently he found work as a college lecturer, then a researcher for parliament. Back in Australia in 1974 he joined the Australian Broadcasting Corporation as a producer of radio and television programs for young people. In 1990 he gave up this work to become a full time writer for children and young adults. He has written over thirty paperbacks, mainly novels, but some are collections of short stories, plays and 'how-to' books on creative writing. Three of his novels were adapted for television, with David writing all of the sixty-five scripts — the first being The Wayne Manifesto in 1996, followed by Eugénie Sandler, PI then Fergus McPhail. These shows were broadcast throughout the world, including Australia and Britain on BBC and ITV. The BBC adapted another of David's novels for television — See How They Run, which became the first BBC/ABC co-production. At the age of 79, David is still at work. His most recent paperback novels are Vinnie's War, (Allen & Unwin) published in 2011, about childhood evacuation in the second world war. This was followed by To Brave The Seas, in 2013, a story about a 14-year-old boy who sails in Atlantic convoys during WW2. Both books are available online.
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Two Kinds of Knowledge - David McRobbie
Introduction
Two kinds of knowledge
In April, 1775, the English writer, Samuel Johnson visited a well-stocked library in Cambridge where he looked at the shelves full of books and declared: ‘Knowledge is of two kinds. We know a subject ourselves, or we know where we can find information upon it. When we enquire into any subject, the first thing we have to do is to know what books have treated of it. This leads us to look at catalogues and at the back of books in libraries.’
This little e-book takes Johnson’s idea into the classroom where students aged between 10 and 13 years of age are challenged to collect the names of items listed in the following pages. There are forty challenges in this compilation, but teachers and students can provide ideas of their own. It makes an excellent Friday afternoon classroom activity with a follow-up a week later.
To explain the game, let’s use challenge number six as an example: You are to gather the names of towns and cities which have a river running through them. Students are given a time limit, say twenty minutes, and ideally work in small, mixed-ability groups. In this first activity they are not allowed to refer to books, computers, cell-phones, atlases or any other source. Students will simply display Johnson’s first kind of knowledge — what they already know.
Obviously in this challenge, students will name local city/town/river combinations while more adventurous boys and girls will search further afield for their answers.
Some examples are: London — the River Thames, Paris has the Seine, Melbourne the Yarra, Glasgow boasts the River Clyde, while some European towns and cities are visited by the same river as it flows to the sea.
Students contribute their answers to the group where it is recorded, then at the end of the time limit teacher has set, students reveal what they know. The group with the largest unchallenged collection wins.
A word of caution: when working in groups, students need to keep their voices low to avoid being overheard by