HYDRAULIC MACHINES III

OPEN CHANNEL FLOW

Solution by DF Sozinando, Mechanical Eng. student at Vaal University of Technology

5- Prove that the most efficient triangular section is the one with a 90 vertix angle.

Solution: A=

1 a sin a cos 2 2
A P a sin cos 2 a
2

A = a sin cos

P = 2 a Z=

Z=

a ( sin cos) 2
dZ d =0

For maximum discharge hydraulic mean depth (Z) will be maximum when:

dZ d

a cos2 - sin2 2

a cos2 - sin2 = 0 2

(cos2 - sin2) =
cos = sin cos = sin sin cos =1
2 2

a 2

:= 1

Given tan( ) = 1
:= Find( ) = 45 deg

Hence, cos = sin; or = 45 and the vertix angle= ( 2 ) ( 45), or 90