HYDRAULIC MACHINES III

TURBINES

Solution by DF Sozinando, Mechanical Eng. student at Vaal University of Technology

5- A penstock (pipeline) 1m in diam eter and 10 km long carries water at 10 C (=9.81kN/m 3) from a reservoir to an im pulse turbine. The surface of fluid in reservoir is 650m above the turbine jet, the jet diameter is 16 cm . Use f=0.016 and C v=0.95. The rotational speed of turbine wheel is 360 rpm and the hydraulic efficiency is 85%. Assume ideal conditions for the bucket design (U=0.5V j). Calculate the diameter of the turbine wheel, the flow rate, and the theoretical power developed by the wheel. Solution: dp := 1m N := 360rpm L := 10km
:= 9.81

kN m
3

H := 650m

dj := 16cm

f := 0.016

cv := 0.95

hyd := 85%

U = 0.5 vj

Qp = Qj vp dp = vj dj 4 4 hp = H - hL m vj := 1 s Given

vj = cv 2 g hp

L vp hL = f dp 2 g

vj L = H - f 2 dp 2 g cv
2

dj v 2 j 4 2 g 2 d 4 p
2

vj := Find vj

( )

m vj = 102.523 s

hj := 2 g U := 0.5 vj

vj

hj = 535.91 m U = 51.261 m s
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HYDRAULIC MACHINES III

TURBINES

Solution by DF Sozinando, Mechanical Eng. student at Vaal University of Technology

dtw := 1m Given U = N dtw 2 dtw := Find dtw

( )

dtw = 2.72 m m s
3

2 Q := vj dj 4

Q = 2.061

Hth := 1m Given
hyd =

Hth hj

Hth := Find Hth

( )

Hth = 455.523 m

Pth := Hth Q

Pth = 9.212 MW

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