HYDRAULIC MACHINES III

TURBINES

Solution by DF Sozinando, Mechanical Eng. student at Vaal University of Technology

3- The runner of francis turbine developed 176.2 kW when rotating at 150 rpm and available head at inlet is 12.5m . The velocity of flow through the runner must be constant at 0.251 2 g H. The peripheral speed at inlet is 0.81 2 g H and there was no whirl velocity com ponent at the exit from the runner. Assume the hydraulic efficiency is 87% and the overall efficiency is 79%. Draw the velocity driagram s and calculate: The diameter of the runner at inlet, the guide vane angle at inlet, the runner blade angle at inlet, the discharge (Q) in m 3/s, the width of the runner blades at inlet of if the blades occupy 8% of the circumference, the shaft power developed and the mechanical efficiency.

Solution: Pth := 176.2kW

hyd := 87%

N := 150rpm
ova := 79%

H := 12.5m

vf := 0.251 2 g H b 1 ( 100% - 8%)

U 1 := 0.81 2 g H

U 1 = 12.683 d1 := 1m Given U1 = N d1 2

m s

d1 := Find d1

( )

d1 = 1.615 m

d1 r1 := 2

Hth := 1m Given
hyd =

Hth H

Hth := Find Hth

( )

Hth = 10.875 m

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HYDRAULIC MACHINES III

TURBINES

Solution by DF Sozinando, Mechanical Eng. student at Vaal University of Technology

vw1 := 1 Given Hth =

m s

U 1 vw1 g

vw1 := Find vw1

vw1 = 8.409

m s

1 := 1

Given vf tan 1 = vw1

( )

1 := Find 1

( )

1 = 25.05 deg

1 := 1

Given vf tan 1 = U 1 - vw1

( )

1 := Find 1

( )
kN m
3

1 = 42.6 deg

Q := 1 Given

m s

:= 9.81

Pth = Hth Q b 1 := 1m Given

Q := Find( Q )

Q = 1.652

m s

Q = 2 r1 b 1 ( 100% - 8%) vf Psh := 1kW Given

ova =

b 1 := Find b 1

( )

b 1 = 90.041 mm

Psh
H Q

Psh := Find Psh

( )

Psh = 159.998 kW

mech :=

Psh Pth

mech = 90.805 %

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